Kolosnyak ndi mbewu yachikale yomwe imakongoletsa munda wam'mbuyo ndi tchire lokongola, lakale. Sikuti aliyense angamvetse kukongola kwa mbewuyi, koma popanda iyo, maluwa ovuta amatha kukhala osakwanira.
Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Kolosnyak yazika mizu m'madela komanso kumadera ouma a North America ndi Eurasia. Mitundu yake ina imakhala m'chipululu cha Argentina. Ikumva zabwino kuchokera ku subtropics mpaka tundra. Mwa alimi ena, mayina ake ena ndi odziwika: Elimus, grassroot, ecstasy, hydrangea. Mitundu ndi ya banja lanjere.
Gawo lobisika la chomera limalimidwa kwambiri, limakhala ndi mizu yamphamvu yomwe imamera mosiyanasiyana. Pa mphukira mobisa, masamba amakula. Tsinde la kabati ndi wandiweyani, wowoneka bwino. Mumitundu yosiyanasiyana, kutalika kwamasamba ndikuchokera 20 cm mpaka 1.5 m.
Masamba owonda, osanjikizana amapanga timiyala tating'ono kwambiri pansi. Masamba ake ndi okwera, mwa mawonekedwe a nthiti, ndi m'mphepete mwake, 2-15 mm mulifupi. Malo akumunsi ndi osalala, kumtunda kumatha kukhala oyipa kapena wokutidwa ndi tsitsi. Mtundu wa gawo lapansi ndi wobiriwira wakuda kapena wamtambo ndi tint silivere. Mu nthawi yophukira, masamba ake ndi masamba amasanduka achikaso kapena bulauni.
Mu June-Julayi, inflorescence amawoneka ngati makutu akuthwa. Kutalika kwa inflorescences ndi masentimita 7-30. Amakhala ndi spikelets zambiri zazifupi, perpendicular.
Mitundu yotchuka
Wheatgrain Woyipa amagawidwa m'maiko aku North America. Kutalika kosatha ndi masentimita 30-120. Amakula m'magulu owindana, pang'onopang'ono ndikugwira malo akulu. Kufalikira kumachitika podzichulukitsa, chifukwa mitunduyo sinakhale ndi mizu yokwawa. Masamba ndiwobiriwira wakuda, 2-6 mm wandiweyani. Pakati pa chilimwe, makutu akulu a 8-20 cm kutalika amawonekera.
Gritty ndi mchenga. Kutalika kwa herbaceous kameneka 60-120 masentimita amapezeka m'malo ozizira a kutentha kwa Eurasia. Derali limaphimbidwa ndi mitengo yobiriwira yaying'ono yolumikizidwa mobisa ndi mizu wamba. Masamba ake ndiakuda, amtundu kapena wobiriwira wakuda ndi utoto wabuluu. Kutalika kwa masamba ndi 0.8-2 cm, ndipo kutalika ndi 50-60 cm. Inflorescences ndi yayikulu, yotsika, kutalika kwake ndi 15-30 masentimita, ndipo m'lifupi mwake ndi pafupifupi 2,5 cm. Imaphuka nthawi yonse yotentha. Mawonedwe ake ndi ogwidwa ndi chisanu, amatha kupirira kutentha mpaka -23 ° C.
Makutu ofewa wopezeka ku Japan, China ndi North America, amakonda miyala yamchenga. Amakhala ngati mtolo wobiriwira, wokhala ndi phokoso lalikulu masentimita 50-100. Amakhala patali kutali ndi wina ndi mzake, ngakhale ali wolumikizidwa ndi mizu yokwawa. Mu turf imodzi mumakhala mphukira zingapo, zokutidwa ndi masamba. Masamba ndi olimba, owuma, 15 mm mulifupi. Pakatikati pa maluwa, makutu akuthwa opita mpaka 25c. Amaphuka kuyambira Juni mpaka Julayi. Kukana kuzizira mpaka-34 ° C.
Gigantic kapena kabati waku Canada kufalitsidwa ku North America ndi Europe. Mtengowo umatalika masentimita 50-120. M'munsi mwake, tchire lokwera limapangidwa kuchokera kufupikira lomwe limakutidwa ndi masamba pansi. Masamba akulu (1.5-2 cm) kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 30-50. Mizu yake ndi yokwawa, yolimba. Pa maluwa, amatulutsa timitengo tambiri, tambiri. Mphukira zopanda kanthu komanso zokhazikika kwambiri zimaphukira pamwamba pa masamba. Avekedwa korona ndimakutu okongola. Kutalika kwa inflorescence ndi 15-35 masentimita, ndipo kutalika kwake pafupifupi masentimita 2. Amachita maluwa kuyambira Juni mpaka Ogasiti, kugonjetsedwa ndi chisanu mpaka -25 ° C.
Nthambi ya nthambi imakonda nsonga za mapiri ndi mchere wa ku Eurasia, wopezeka ku Siberia kupita ku Ciscaucasia. Zimapangika tchire tating'ono totalika masentimita 35-80. Yopanda maziko, yolimba kumapeto kwake imakhala yophukira. Masamba a masamba obisika amakhala pafupi ndi nthaka ndipo amakhala ndi masamba amtundu wa masamba amtundu wa buluu kapena wamtambo. Osakhala ndi masamba ataliatali, 3-5 mm mulifupi, wokutidwa ndi tsitsi lakunja pamwamba. An inflorescence mu mawonekedwe okongola okongola 6-8 cm kutalika amapangidwa mu June ndipo limamasula kwa mwezi umodzi. Kuyambira mu Ogasiti, nthawi yakucha mbewu imayamba.
Coryza amakhala kumapeto kwa mapiri, mchenga wamchenga komanso m'mphepete mwa msewu kum'mwera komanso pakati pa Europe. Chomera 40-130 cm wamtali ndimtambo wowonda wamapeto, wokutidwa ndi masamba. Masamba ndi ofewa, autali kuposa zitsinde, amasunthidwa momasuka mumphepo ndikugwera pansi. Kutalika kwa masamba ndi masentimita 0,4-1,5. Peduncle ndi wandiweyani, wamphamvu, wokutidwa ndi villi. Kutalika kwa mchenga wokulirapo ndi 10-35 masentimita, ndipo m'lifupi ndi 1.5-3,5 masentimita. Zomera zimayambira mu Meyi, ndipo kuchokera kumapeto kwa June zimayamba kubala zipatso.
Njira zolerera
Gingerbread imafalitsidwa ndi njira zamasamba kapena mbewu. Kugawika kwa tchire kumachitika kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena theka loyambirira la chilimwe. Mphukira zazing'ono zokhala ndi mizu yake zimakumbidwa ndikuziika m'malo atsopano. Chomera chimazika mizu kwambiri ndipo sichitengera chisamaliro chapadera. Pafupi ndi tsinde, nthambi zouzika nazo zimapangika mwachangu. Mbande zimayamba kutulutsa chaka chomwecho kapena chaka chamawa. Ma turf amakula msanga.
Pofalitsa mbewu, mbande sizimera. Mbewu zofesedwa yomweyo poyera kumayambiriro kwa masika. Mbande zoyambirira zimapezeka mkatikati mwa Epulo, koma mchaka chofesa mbewu zimawoneka zosowa komanso zazing'ono. Njira yokhala ngati yopuwala yokhala ndi makutu akuluakulu komanso inflorescence yapamwamba yamakutu imayamba kupezeka pokhapokha zaka 2-3.
Mawonekedwe a chisamaliro chomera
Elimus amakula bwino dzuwa lotseguka, pamadothi owala. Oyenera kulimidwa pamchenga, mchenga, mchenga, miyala kapena miyala yamiyala. Amakonzanso ndale kapena zamchere zamchere ndi kuphatikiza laimu. Simalimbana ndi chilala choopsa, chifukwa chake sichimafunikira kuthirira ndipo chimakhudzidwa ndi mvula yachilengedwe. Sililekerera kusefukira kwamadzi ndi kusayenda kwamadzi, makamaka panthawi yachisanu. Chonde sikufuna. Imagwirizana ndi feteleza kapena kumakhutira ndi kavalidwe kakang'ono kapamwamba.
Kolosyak amakula msanga m'malo abwino, kotero ambiri amazindikira ngati udzu. M'munda wamaluwa kapena dimba lamaluwa, funso loletsa zomerazo lingabuke. Ndikwabwino kubzala mbewu mu chifuwa chachikulu chokhala ndi makhoma owuma omwe ma mpingowo sangathe kulowa.
Chotengera chiikidwa m'manda, ndikusiya mbali zina pamwamba. Izi zitha kuteteza pakugawa mbewu mwachisawawa. Pa chifukwa chomwechi, tikulimbikitsidwa kudula ma spikelets asanakhwime bwino kuti ateteze kudziphukira. Mtengowo umakhala wowoneka bwino kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo sufuna kupatsidwanso nthawi ndi nthawi ndikuwokolola. Samadwala tizirombo ndi matenda.
Khonde limalimbana ndi chisanu chachikulu ndipo silifunikira pogona. M'malo omwe chipale chofewa chimagwa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kanema kuti mudziteteze ku chinyezi chambiri nthawi yamdima.
Kugwiritsa ntchito m'munda
Tchire lowoneka bwino la kabati mu akasupe obiriwira amakongoletsa bedi lililonse la maluwa. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mu rockeries kapena pamiyala yamiyala. Chimawoneka bwino m'malire osakanikirana, chimasunga mawonekedwe ake, sichinakwawira. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pagombe lalitali kapena m'mapiri. Mizu imakonza zomangira zamchenga.
Maluwa otuwa bwino amawoneka bwino mu malo okongoletsera omwe ali ndi khutu la chimanga.
Zomera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mbewu yazodyetsa.
Makutu akuluakulu ndiakongoletsa kwambiri ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazakuma maluwa. Amakolola pakati pa chilimwe, zipatso zisanayambe. Dulani inflorescence imasonkhanitsidwa mumagulu ang'onoang'ono mpaka 15 zidutswa ndikuyimitsidwa pansi ndi spikelet m'malo otetezeka, komanso mpweya wabwino.
