Kabichi - Chinsinsi cha thupi labwino. Ndipo lero mudzaphunziranso momwe mungamerekerere kabichi Kale kabichi kuchokera ku mbewu, ndi mtundu wanji wa masamba osowa ndi momwe mungasunge kunyumba.
Kodi kabichi kale ndi yotani?
Kabichi Kale - mtundu wa mitundu kabichi wamaluwa, ali ndi katundu wothandiza. Ambiri amadziwika kuti grunkol kapena braunkol. Zomera zilibe mutu, ndipo masamba ali ndi lace la mtundu wobiriwira.
Grunkol ili ndi mchere wochuluka ndi mavitamini A, C, K, PP, B6, B2, B1. 200 g wa masamba ndi mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa mapuloteni. 
Braunkol imagwiritsidwa ntchito popewera matenda a maso, chifukwa cha kuteteza thupi kwambiri, chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri komanso kulemera kwa thupi.
Ndikofunikira! Braunkol sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu omwe akudwala matenda a m'mimba ndi m'matumbo.
Mbali za kulima kabichi kale ku mbewu yotseguka pansi
Grunkol salola kulekerera, choncho kulima kabichi wakale kuchokera ku mbewu kumayambira pamalo otseguka.
Zokwanira za kufesa mu nthaka
Braunhol kabichi mbewu zofesedwa April. Mbewu yokolola idatha masiku 70-95 mutabzala. Kufika movutikira bwino braunkol pa nthaka kutentha kwa 5 ° C.
Kusankhidwa ndi kukonzekera malo pa tsamba
Kwa zosowa za grunkol malo amdima. Zingabzalidwe mmunda wa kubzala koyamba kwa dzungu, nyemba ndi mbewu zowonongeka. 
Ndibwino kuti musabzalidwe chomera pamtunda kapena mchenga, chifukwa izi zingasokoneze kukoma ndi kuchepetsa zokolola.
Ground ayenera kukhala mlingo pH mpaka 6.8. Ngati msinkhuwo ndi wotsika, ndi bwino kufota nthaka ndi kompositi wowawasa. Ngati pamwamba - dzikolo liyenera kusakanizidwa ndi sulfure.
Ndikofunikira! Ndi bwino kupeĊµa malo otsika omwe amakhala pafupi ndi madzi osefukira.
Pofika pakhomo mumayenera kukwera pabedi.
Kufesa mbewu pansi: chitsanzo ndi kuya
Tiyeni tiyankhule za chiwembu chodzala kabichi kabichi lotseguka pansi. Mabedi ayenera kukhala pamtunda wa 30 × 15.
Kubzala kumayamba ndi kukonzekera kwa mabedi. Mabowo ayenera kukumbidwa kwa masentimita 1.5. Kenako njere zimabzalidwa mmenemo.
Kabichi amadziwika chifukwa cha kusiyana kwake: m'munda mukhoza kukula woyera, kolifulawa, Savoy, Brussels, Peking, kohlrabi, broccoli.
Zomwe Mungasamalire Kabichi
Kupeza mkulu zokolola za kale kabichi, m'pofunika kupereka masamba mbewu ndi chisamaliro choyenera. Tidzakambirana izi m'magulu otsatirawa.
Ndikufuna malo ogona
Pambuyo pofika - onetsetsani kuti. Chomeracho chiyenera kusamalidwa. Kabichi amaonedwa ngati wokonda kutentha, koma dzuwa silingamuthandize. Zovuta agrofibre adzateteza chomera ku tizirombo ndi kuyaka.
Momwe mungaphunzitsire madzi okwanira
Ndikofunika kuthirira madziwa ngati chimbudzi chimauma. Izi muyenera kuzigwiritsa ntchito 30 malita a madzi pamita mita imodzi. Pambuyo pake, kuthirira kumachitika mu theka lachiwiri la May ndi kumayambiriro kwa June. Pa mamita 1 lalikulu perekani 25 malita a madzi.
Ndikofunikira! Musagwedezere chomera ngati simukufuna kuti mizu yake iwonongeke.
Kudzetsa udzu
Mutangomaliza kubzala kabichi wakale, namsongole adzawonekera masabata angapo. Ndikofunika kuchotsa osati chomera chokha, komanso mizu yawo.
Kupalira mbeu kukuthandizani kuvutika ndi vuto la tizilombo. Izi zimachepetsa kukula kwa namsongole. Mitengo yaing'ono imatha kuchotsedwa, chifukwa ndi kosavuta kumenyana nawo kusiyana ndi akulu.
Palinso chinyengo. Zolinga zomwe sizinawonedwe zingakhale ndi makatoni. Namsongole sadzakula m'deralo. 
Kumasula komanso kumtunda
Mwamsanga pamene grunkol ikukula mpaka 25 cm, ndi kofunika kuti tipeze. Ndipo kupewa matenda a kabichi mizu zowola, ndi bwino kumasula nthaka.
Udindo wa mulch
Pamene masamba amafika pamtunda wa masentimita 15, iwo amamera nthaka, yomwe imateteza ku rotting ndi kutuluka kwa masamba. Zidzathandizanso kukhalabe ndi chinyezi cha nthaka nthawi zonse.
Mukudziwa? Mpaka mapeto a zaka za m'ma Middle Ages, kabichi kale ankawoneka ngati wamba masamba ku Ulaya.
Feteleza
Manyowa a braunkol amafunikira zonse Masabata 6-8. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito potaziyamu kapena ammonium nitrate. Amatha kutsogoleredwa ndi feteleza ena amchere. 
Kuteteza tizilombo ndi matenda
Waukulu tizirombo ta chomera ndi kabichi ntchentche, slugs, kabichi njenjete, aphid ndi whitegrass.
Kabichi ntchentche imawononga mizu ya zomera, makamaka oyambirira mitundu. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri kuteteza masamba ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndicho kuyang'ana kusinthasintha kwa mbeu.
Chitsamba chotsatira ndi slug.
Zimapezeka nyengo yofunda, makamaka ngati ndiwo zamasamba nthawi zambiri zimamwe madzi. Amadyetsa masamba okoma kapena amawaphimba ndi ntchentche. Ndikofunika kulimbana nawo mozama: kulima nthaka (kuchotsa namsongole), kuminga mipanda mothandizidwa ndi grooves kumene tsabola kapena phulusa zimagona. Mukhozanso kuyesa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ("Mvula yamkuntho" kapena "Meta"), koma ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha.
Kabichi. Mbozi za tizilombo tomwe timataya tizilombo timene timapeza mazenera ambiri pamwamba pa masamba. Pofuna kupewa chiwonongeko chachikulu, timalimbikitsa kukumba nthaka.
Kabichi aphid amadya madzi a masamba. Amakhala m'munsi mwa masamba omwe amatha kukhala otumbululuka ndi opunduka. Mungathe kuwachotsa "Karbofos", "Seyfos" kapena "Pyrethrium". Mankhwalawa ndi othandiza, koma amawononga zomera zokha. Ndibwino kukonzekera yankho lofooka ndi lotentha la sopo komanso kuthandizira zamasamba zomwe zakhudzidwa nazo. 
Mbozi ya Whitefish, kapena amadya kabichi, amadya masamba a zomera, ndi agulugufe amamwa timadzi tokoma. Choyamba muyenera kuchotsa masika a maluwa. Mazira a kabichi akuyenera kuwonongedwa. Mungagwiritsenso ntchito mabakiteriya, monga "Baksin" kapena "Dendrobatsillin."
Mukudziwa? Mitundu ina ya braungol imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera chokongola.
Palibe kamodzi kamene kanadziwika kuti Braunkol yawonongeka wakuda mwendo mucous bacteriosis ndi downy mildew.
Wothandizira khungu lakuda ndi bowa. Zimakhudza zomera pamtengowu. Pofuna kupewa miyendo yakuda m'nthaka kupanga sulfure ndi potassium permanganate.
Matenda otsatirawa ndi mucous bacteriosis. Wothandizira causative ndi bacterium Pectobacterium carotovorum.
Mvula yovunda imafalikira pa masamba ophimba. Pa iwo pali mawanga ndi fungo losasangalatsa. Patapita nthawi, zowola zimafalikira ku kabichi lonse, ndipo zomera zimamwalira.
Pofuna kupewa matenda, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa "Binoram" musanadzale kapena kupopera mbewu pa zizindikiro zoyamba za "zilonda".
Perinospora kapena downy mildew zimawononga chikhalidwe chilichonse chofesa. Poyamba, mawanga achikasu a mtundu wozungulira amaonekera pa chomera chomwe chili ndi kachilomboka, kamene kamakula ndipo kamakhala kolimba. Mu nthawi yochepa, masamba kapena zipatso zingafe.
Mukhoza kuteteza chomera kuchokera ku njira zowonongeka za peronosporoza - ndikofunikira kuti musamatsukitse malowa ndikuchotsa zomera zomwe zakhudzidwa. Iwo amatenthedwa bwino atatha kusonkhanitsa. Onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira kayendedwe ka mbewu.
Pezani zomwe zili zothandiza pa kabichi mitundu: broccoli, kohlrabi, Savoy, Peking.
Kukolola ndi kusunga mbewu
Kukolola kabichi kungayambe kusonkhanitsa pa tsiku 95 mutatha kufesa, ndipo patapita masiku 75 mutenga malo osatha. Masamba ayenera kufika 20 cm mu msinkhu. 
Masamba a kabichi wambiri ndi ovuta komanso osangalatsa kwambiri. Komabe, ngati mwaphonya nthawi yokolola, mukhoza kuthamanga ndi kuthira masamba, ndipo atsopano ndi achinyamata amatumizidwa bwino ku saladi.
Mukhoza kuzisunga mufiriji, odulidwa. Mufiriji, amagona mpaka masiku atatu, monga momwe masamba amayamba.
Mukudziwa? Yabwino, zofewa ndi chokoma masamba kuonekera pamene kukula Russian mitundu nyansi.
Tsopano kuti mukudziwa kukula kabichi kale, mungathe kugula mbewu kuti mukhale ndi nyumba yosungira mavitamini m'nyengo yozizira. Mukamatsatira malangizo athu, mutenga zokolola zabwino.
