Mawu akuti "Habanero" angayambitse mayanjano ndi Havana, ndi kuvina kwa Cuba kapena nyimbo, cigare ndi mabombe ... Munthu sangathe kunyalanyaza wina wotchuka "Havanese". Zakudya zapamwamba zotchedwa Tabasco ndi Cayenne, kapena zakudya zambiri za Latin America, sizingatheke popanda chopangira chotenthachi. Ichi ndi tsabola ya Habanero, imodzi mwa tsabola wowawa kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana
Chili amaimiridwa ndi mitundu yambiri, yomwe yowala kwambiri ndi Habanero. Dzina lake limagwirizanitsidwa ndi dzina la mzinda wa Havana (tsabola inalembedwa ku Cuba). Masiku ano, mafakitale ambiri omwe amapanga mafakitalewa amapezeka ku Mexico (Peninsula Yucatan).
Olemekezeka ndi zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana mkulu zhguchestyu ndipo anatchulidwa tsabola kukoma. Pa Scoville scale, iye amakhala ndi maudindo kuyambira 100,000 mpaka 475,000 unit. 
Onani mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya tsabola ku dera la Moscow ndi Siberia.
Mbali yachiwiri ya masamba ndizokongoletsera kunja: zipatso zochepa zimafanana ndi mitima. Gawo lachitatu ndi zokolola zambiri (kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi n'zotheka kusonkhanitsa zipatso 90 zolemera 30 mpaka 50 magalamu). "Habanero" ali ndi mitundu ingapo: iwo amasiyana mosiyanasiyana ndi kutalika kwake:
- Chokoleti cha Habanero. Mtundu wa chokoletiwu unayambika ku Jamaica ndi Trinidad, umakhala ndi utsi wautsi "womwe umatulutsa utsi" ndipo umakhala wovuta kwambiri ndi Red Savina (300-475,000 units).
- Habanero Red Savina. Bred in California. Kusiyana ndi juiciness ndi sharpness.
- Habanero Red Caribian. Komanso imodzi mwa tsabola yotentha kwambiri. Makamaka otchuka ku Mexico zakudya.
- Habanero Tigerpaw-nr. Kubadwira ku USA. Ili ndi mtundu wowala wa lalanje. Zovuta - kuyambira 265 mpaka 368 zikwi zikwi. Mtundu wodabwitsa wa mitundu iyi ndiyo kukana kwake kwa nematodes.
- Habanero Fataly. Anabadwira ku South Africa. Ili ndi mtundu wa lalanje kapena chokoleti. Kuwidwa mtima kumakhala kochepa (kuchokera pa 125 mpaka 325,000 amayunitsi). Zimasiyanitsa ndi mandimu ndi mafuta a pichesi.
- Habanero White. Ili ndilo mitundu yosiyana-siyana - yovuta kwambiri kusamalira. Zomveka - kuchokera ku mayunitsi 100 mpaka 350,000.
Mitundu yonse ya "Habanero" ili ndi alkaloids (capsaicin), vitamini C, A, B, D, ndi microelements (ayodini, potaziyamu, chitsulo, manganese, mkuwa, calcium, sodium). Izi zikhoza kufotokoza zida zake monga anesthesia (zowawa za maselo a mitsempha zatsekedwa), zomwe zimachititsanso antibacterial, kuthamanga kwa thupi. Ichi ndi mankhwala abwino kwambiri othandizira odwala, amachepetsa kukalamba, amachititsa kuti munthu asamapanikizidwe kwambiri.Tsabola wowawa "Habanero" - amphamvu ya aphrodisiac (makamaka kwa amuna), amatha kulimbikitsa "mahomoni a chimwemwe."
Mukudziwa? Pepper Habanero Red Savina - yotentha ndi yotentha, adatchulidwa mu Guinness Book of Records monga tsabola wowawa kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Zomwe zingakuthandizeni kukula ndi tsabola wotentha kwambiri
Pepper "Habanero" - chomera chosatha cha kutentha, mbadwa yokhala kumadera otentha. Ndibwino kuti mukhale ndi bwino kuti mukhale ndi zinthu zabwino zomwe zimapanga zomera. Mu wowonjezera kutentha, pawindo pa nyumba yomwe ili ndi kutentha koyenera, kuwala ndi chinyezi, Habanero idzabala zipatso chaka chonse.
Kukula nkhaka, tomato, anyezi, sipinachi, cilantro, parsley, arugula, katsabola pawindo, mutha kukolola masamba ndi zitsamba chaka chonse.
Ntchito yoyamba ndi kupereka chomera ndi kutentha. Pamunda zowonongeka ndikofunikira kubzala kuti mutenge malo okhala ndi kuunikira kwabwino tsiku lonse, popanda drafts. Kumalo osungirako mawindo a kum'mwera amatsogoleredwa bwino.
Ntchito yachiwiri ndi chinyezi. Kuthirira kumakhala koyenera, koma osati mopitirira malire. Dothi la kuthirira lotsatira liyenera kuuma.
Ndikofunikira! Pakati pa wamaluwa pali lingaliro kuti pofuna kuwonekera bwino makhalidwe a tsabola, m'pofunika nthaŵi ndi nthawi kupanga zovuta za mbewu - osati kudyetsa, kuchepetsa kawirikawiri. Zokolola zidzakhala zochepa, koma khalidwe lake ndilopamwamba.
Ntchito yachitatu ndi kupereka chakudya chabwino. Tsabola wotentha amakonda chinyezi.
Mmene mungabzalidwe mbande
Kukhala ndi tsabola yotentha yokha "Habanero" ikhoza kuchitidwa ndi alimi aliwonse - sivuta kukula. Mbewu za mbande zingathe kugulitsidwa pamasitolo apadera pa intaneti. Njira yabwino pa mbeu yokolola ndiyo kusonkhanitsa nokha. Kuti muchite izi, zipatso zitatha, imani pa tchire masiku ena khumi. Kenaka yakucha ndi kuwonongeka m'modzi wosanjikiza kuti iwo awoneke pang'ono. Pambuyo pake, ayenera kudulidwa ndi kuchotsa njere, ndipo atatha kuyanika - aphwanyidwa mu matumba a pepala. Gawo loyamba la kubalana "Habanero" - kubzala mbewu za mbande. Mbeu ziyenera kuchitidwa masabata 8-10 musanadzale mbande pamalo osatha - mu February.
Mukudziwa? Katswiri wa zamankhwala ochokera ku Detroit Wilbur L. Scoville mu 1912 anapanga chiwerengero chapadera choyesa kuzunzika kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tsabola. Poyambirira, kuchuluka kwa madzi okoma otsekemera, omwe adatsukidwa ndi tsabola, anayezedwa. Kuyambira m'chaka cha 1920, iwo anayamba kuyeza kuchuluka kwa capsaicin mu SHU (Scovat Heat Units) mu tsabola.
Kukonzekera Mbewu
Musanadzalemo, mbewu ziyenera kukonzekera: zimatentha mwezi umodzi musanadzalemo. Ngati nyembazo zimachokera ku sitolo, ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi fungicide. Monga lamulo, amaikidwa mu njira yothetsera potassium permanganate, kuwonjezera mchere pang'ono, otsukidwa m'madzi oyera. 
Ndikofunikira! Mbewu zomwe zagwera pakagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi potassium permanganate sizidzabweretsanso zipatso - zimangotayidwa kunja.
Pambuyo pake, nyembazo zimanyowa masiku awiri m'madzi ofunda otentha (pa / chophimba, potoni, etc.).
Mbeu ziyenera kukhala zowonongeka ndi kutentha - ziyenera kutupa ndikuyamba kumera. 
Kusankha mphamvu ndi gawo lokonzekera
Pofuna kubzala mbeu mu malo am'chipinda, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito zida zazing'ono (kuwala ndi koipa kwambiri kwa mizu). Makapu apulasitiki omwe amadzazidwa ndi zojambulazo adzachita. Mu malo otentha, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito zida zing'onozing'ono, ndipo mukhoza kuzibzala mabokosi a matabwa nthawi yomweyo (mutatha kuika pansi pazitsulo) - dothi laling'ono, zidutswa za thovu, zidutswa zosweka). 
Mbewu iyenera kubzalidwa mu gawo lokonzedwa bwino. Mukhoza kugula zokonzeka, koma amaluwa ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ndibwino kuti mupange gawo lapansi: kuwonjezera nthaka, vermiculite ndi perlite kwa humus ndi peat (2 × 1 × 1). Dzikoli liyenera kuyimitsidwa.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mbande zidabzalidwa m'munda, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti mutenge nthaka kuchokera ku chiwembu cha mtsogolo - mbewu idzasamutsa kuziyika mosavuta ndikukhala bwino pamalo atsopano.
Kufesa tsabola
Mbeu ziyenera kukhala mu gawo lopuma bwino (25-26 ° C centigrade) mpaka kuya 0.7-1 masentimita. Ngati zofesedwa m'bokosi, mtunda wa pakati pa mizere iyenera kukhala 5-6 masentimita. Mbewu ziyenera kukonzedwa ndi nthaka ndi zochepa, kenako kutsanulira ndi madzi ofunda ndi kuphimba ndi galasi kapena poyera filimu (pang'ono wowonjezera kutentha kwenikweni). 
Nthawi zambiri zimamera pakapita masabata awiri kapena 4 (malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa kutentha, kuyaka kwa nthaka, khalidwe la mbewu). Ndikofunika kuti usiku usiku kutentha kwa mpweya sikugwera pansi pa 16 ° C. M'mawa ndi madzulo muyenera kutsuka pansi ndi madzi ofunda kuchokera pakasupa.
Kusamalira mmera ndi kusankhana komweku
Pambuyo pa mphukira yoyamba, galasi kapena filimu iyenera kuchotsedwa ndi kuunika kumapatsa maola 16 pa tsiku. Pachifukwachi nyali za phyto kapena fulorosenti ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito (pamtunda wa masentimita 10). M'pofunikanso kuthamangitsira chipinda nthawi zambiri.
Gawo lotsatira likugwirizana ndi maonekedwe a masamba oyambirira (atatu kapena anai) - sungani mbeu mmagawo osiyana.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mbande imabzalidwa mabokosi mu wowonjezera kutentha ndipo musasokonezane wina ndi mzake, sikofunika kuti musankhe.
Kusankha kumachitika motere:- Konzani zitsulo (8-10 masentimita awiri) ndipo mudzaze ndi substrate;
- madzi amathira kwambiri ndi kuwachotsa;
- onetsetsani muzu (gawo lachitatu);
- gawo lokonzedwa limathiriridwa ndi kuthiridwa;
- yikani mmera mu dzenje lakuya masamba, muzitsuka nthaka ndikuphatikiza pang'ono;
- kutsanulira ndi kugaya humus (kuwonjezera phulusa pang'ono).
Momwe mungasamalire tsabola ya Habanero: kuthirira, kudyetsa, kusamalira nthaka
Pambuyo posankha, kuthirira mbande zikhale zochepa, koma zowonjezera. Dzuŵa liyenera kukwezedwa mpaka 50 cm pamwamba pa chomera ndi kuunikira kwa maola oposa 12.
Zizindikiro zikuluzikulu zomwe zimakonzedwa kuti mbewuzo zikhale ndi masamba 5 ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 20. Pamalo otseguka, tsabola yotentha ya Habanero sayenera kuikidwa mpaka mpweya wozizira utakhazikika kuposa 16 ° C (kawirikawiri kumapeto kwa May). Mukamabzala, dothi liyenera kuchepetsedwa - kuwonjezera peat, humus, perlite.
Panthawi ya kukula zidzakhala zothandiza feteleza feteleza. Koma mtsogolomu, pamene maluwa kapena fruiting, feteleza feteleza idzasokoneza mazira ndi kuwonongera kukoma kwa tsabola. 
Mosiyana ndi nayitrojeni, phosphate zowonjezerapo zimapindula mu nyengo yonse (makamaka mizu).
Manyowa a feteleza adzakhala othandiza (kupatula manyowa atsopano). Zipinda zam'madzi ziyenera kuthiriridwa m'mawa ndi madzulo (koma osatsanulidwa). M'nyengo yozizira, madzi okwanira ayenera kuchepetsedwa. Madzi okwanira ambiri ankafunikira "Habanero" mu April.
Mukudziwa? Amaluwa ena amapanga korona wokongola ndi nsonga zazitsulo.
Ndikofunika kwambiri kuchotsa maluwa oyambirira (kuti chomera chikhale ndi mphamvu). Kuwombera poyera kumapanga tizilombo. M'zinthu za chipinda ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito burashi. 
Habanero ingakhudzidwe ndi mizu nematodes. Kuchotsa iwo, mizu ya chomera imayenera kukonzekera "kusamba" - kuwachepetsera m'madzi kutentha kwa 50-55 ° C (izi zidzawononga maatodes, koma sizidzavulaza chomera).
Mukudziwa? Kulowetsedwa kwa "Habanero" kumathandiza wamaluwa kuchotsa tizirombo - nyerere, nsikidzi, mphutsi. Kuti muchite izi, kangapo kuti mumwe madziwo ndi kulowetsedwa kwake.
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa zosiyanasiyana
Ubwino wa "Habanero" umaphatikizapo:
- chokoma kwambiri, kupweteka kwakukulu - izi zimathandiza kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ikhale yogwiritsidwa ntchito pophika (zokometsera, sauces, kuteteza, etc.);
- chokolola chachikulu;
- kukongoletsera;
- kulima kosavuta.
Zowononga zikuphatikizapo:- Matenda a nthenda (nematode) ngakhale kuti mitundu yotsutsana nayo yayamba kale);
- okonda kutentha, chisanu chikhoza kupha chomera mosavuta;
- mkwiyo waukulu Kukhalitsa chipatso chiyenera kukhala magolovesi azachipatala, mwinamwake kudzakhala kovuta kwambiri kusamba m'manja. Kukhudza mucous (mwachitsanzo, kukukuta kapena kupukuta maso), zikhoza kutenthedwa mosavuta. Muyeneranso kuchepetsa kulandiridwa kwa tsabolayi panthawi ya matenda aakulu a m'mimba.
