Timakonda nsomba zazingwewe m'dziko lathu chifukwa cha mowa komanso monga choncho, ngakhale ana amakonda nyama yawo yamoto. Mafanizidwe a nsomba za kansomba zophika akhoza kupanga njira yobereketsera, yomwe patapita nthawi ingasanduke bizinesi. Kukula nsomba zazing'ono panyumba sizowopsya ndipo sizotsika mtengo, koma nthawi yayitali. Idzayamba kubweretsa ndalama pokhapokha m'chaka chachiwiri, ndipo idzadzilipira yokha pa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi.
Pali zofunikiratu zokhudzana ndi mankhwalawa, mpikisano si waukulu kwambiri, ndipo ndalama zomwe zimachokera ku mabungwe ogulitsa bwino komanso ogulitsa bwino ogulitsa malonda ndi okhazikika. Mwachitsanzo, munthu wopuma pantchito amatha kupirira chinthu choterocho, ngati amachikonda.
Kodi ndizinkhanira ziti zomwe zimagula kuti muziswana?
N'zotheka kubzala nsomba za kansomba osati mchilengedwe kapena pafupi ndio, ndiko kumadera akumidzi, komanso mu malo omwe adalengedwa, mwachitsanzo, m'madzi a m'madzi - mumzinda.
Zomwe zimapangidwira kuti bungwe lanu likhalemo komanso zomwe zimasungidwa sizinsinsi. Atadzifotokozera okha, amaphunzira mabuku apadera ndikukonza kulima nsomba zazing'ono kunyumba. 
Kuti tiyambe bizinesi, tikufunikiradi kansomba. Amatha kudzigwira kapena kugula. Zokongola - kupeza kwa mphutsi - sizingatheke nthawi zonse. Nthawi zambiri mungagule zitsanzo za akulu ndikulerera ana awo.
Kulandira chiwerengero cha khansa:
- Kusodza mu mtsinje kapena dziwe.
- Kugula kumsika waukulu.
- Kugula pa famu yapadera.
Mukudziwa? Mchere wamchere wa cavustacean caviar ndi mbale yokoma yomwe ili ndi zowonjezera zothandiza: Mwachitsanzo, mapuloteni, phosphorous, iron, cobalt, pamene mafuta ake ali ochepa kwambiri.
Mitundu yamakono ya nsomba za mtunduwu zotchuka kwambiri komanso zofunikira:
- Cuban Blue - chodziwika ndi kukula mofulumira ndi omnivorous, imakonda kutentha kosapitirira 26 ° C;
- Australiya - ndiyo nyama yambiri ya nyama, yomwe imatha kubzalidwa m'madzi amchere, imafuna chisamaliro chapadera;
- Marble - amafunika malo akuluakulu ndi kutentha kozizira, kuyamwa kwake.
Nthaŵi yomweyo anthu ambiri sayenera kugula: zosowa za famu yaing'ono zidzakhutitsidwa ndi amuna khumi ndi anai ndi akazi khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri, omwe angathe kudziwika mosavuta kumapeto kwa kasupe ndi mazira pansi pa mchira.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuona chiwerengero cha amuna ndi akazi pa chiŵerengero cha 1: 2.
Momwe mungabzalitsire nsomba za kansomba
Pofuna kubereka mbeu zamtunduwu, mungagwiritse ntchito dziwe labwino lachirengedwe, kumanga chojambula chomwe chimagwirizanitsa njira zonse zogwiritsiridwa ntchito bwino kwa lingaliroli, mukhoza kuchita izi kumidzi, ndikuzikulitsa m'madzi. Njira iliyonseyi ndi yabwino, ndipo aliyense ali ndi makhalidwe ake ndi zovuta zake.
Kuswana m'mabasi
Gombe - zachilengedwe komanso malo abwino kwambiri a nsomba zazing'ono. Panthawi imodzimodziyo ziyenera kukhala madzi abwino, ngati zinyama zonyansa, ngati sizifa, zidzatha kuchepa.
Ndikofunikira! Nsomba za mtunduwu zingakhale zofanana ndi nsomba, koma ndibwino kuchotsa kuzilombo zomwe zimadyetsa nsomba za mtunduwu.M'nyengo yozizira, amafunika kubisala, akukana chakudya. Mwachibadwa, kulemera kwa nthawi ino kumachepa. Kumadera kumene nyengo imakhala yozizira kwambiri, kuswana kwa nsomba zazinkhanira mu dziwe sizingatheke: gombelo limasunthira pansi, ndipo ziweto zimafa.
Kuswana mu dziwe kuli ndi mbali zabwino:- mtengo wogwiritsira ntchito gombe pamalo oyenera siwopamwamba kwambiri;
- m'madziwe, kuyeretsedwa kwa madzi kumachitika mwachilengedwe;
- Kudyetsa nyama sikutanthauza ndalama zofunikira chifukwa cha chakudya chachilengedwe.
Kuipa kwa njira iyi:
- nthawi yaitali kukula kwa arthropods;
- kuchepa kwa ziweto pa unit unit;
- kulipira bizinesi yaitali.
Kuti ukhale wabwino bwino mu dziwe nyama amafuna izi zotsatirazi:
- Dera la dzenje likuchokera mamita 50 lalikulu, kuya kwake kuchokera mamita 2.
- Ndikofunika kuti dziwe likhale pa malo ake okha kuti lipewe vuto ndi olemba.
- Grass iyenera kubzalidwa kuzungulira phokoso la dzenje.
- Nyanja iyenera kukhala dongo.
- Pansi pake ayenera kukhala ndi miyala, yopanda mchenga kuti athe kukhala pogona komanso kumanga mabowo.
Malo osungirako zinthu ayenera kukhala okonzeka kumalo omanga ndi kayendedwe ka ngalande kuti athetse madzi abwino komanso kuti athe kubwezeretsa. Madzi amafunikira nthawi yowonjezera, yomwe imapangidwa mwezi uliwonse peresenti ya 1/3 ya chiwerengerocho.
Ndikofunikira! Mulimonsemo palibe chomwe chingasinthe madzi kwathunthu, chidzakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa pa microclimate yomwe ilipo ndipo yadzaza ndi kutayika kwa ziweto.
Zokambirana zokhudzana ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito:
- chilengedwe chake sichitengera ndalama zambiri;
- Zakudya zimapindula ndi zakudya zomwe zimapatsa chakudya, zomwe zimasunga kugula chakudya;
- zovuta za kuswana.
Zokambirana zomwe zimakupangitsani kulingalira za kuthekera kwa kubereketsa ziphuphu kumalo osungira:- Sizigawo zonse zomwe zili zoyenera pa bizinesiyi - munthu sayenera kulola chimbudzi chozizira cha dziwe m'nyengo yozizira;
- kusadziŵika kwakumanga kwa gombe pamalo a dzuwa;
- zovuta zothetsera malo abwino;
- malo ochepa kwambiri a malo pamtunda wa mita imodzi
- Kulephera kuteteza kutentha.
Zomwe ziyenera kukumana ndi malo osungirako zinthu:
- Mphepete mwa mchenga kapena mchenga, mumthunzi wa zomera.
- Pansi pansi.
- Oyera ndi okonda zachilengedwe.
- Mphamvu yomanga pansi pa dzenje.
- Kupanda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kupalasa dziwe ndi nsomba zazing'onoting'ono sikuyenera kupitirira kuchulukitsa kwa kukwera kwawo. Njira yabwino kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa makope asanu kapena asanu pa mita imodzi iliyonse. Pambuyo pake, alimi odziwa bwino amayang'ana ndondomeko izi, komabe, poyambitsa bizinesi, ndizofunikira kuti muzitsatira.
Zimalangizidwa kuti abereketsere mbeu zomwe zimakula mofulumira - zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zobzala.
Mayi mmodzi akhoza kubala pafupifupi magawo 30 a ana. Komabe, zidzakula kudziko losafunika kale kuposa zaka zitatu, koma kawirikawiri m'zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, kotero munthu ayenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso komanso kuleza mtima kubzala nsomba zazing'ono kunyumba. 
Aquarium Kuswana
Kulima tizilombo tokhwima mumsasa wa aquarium kumatanthauza zinthu zomwe ma ward ayenera kupereka. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'onopang'ono mumcherewu zimakuthandizani kuti mupeze ndalama zowonjezera nthawi iliyonse pachaka.
Kukonzekera ulimi wa khansa ukusowa chipinda, ukhoza kubwereka.
Mtengo wa aquariums uyenera kukhala osachepera 250 malita. Pansi pamakhala miyala, mchenga, dongo, njoka - tsanzirani zachilengedwe. Kuti aquarium yokolola bwino ikhale itatu: akuluakulu, chifukwa chokwatira ndi achinyamata.
Kuchuluka kwake kwa aquarium kungakhale makope okwana 350 pa lalikulu mita. Njira ya kuswana kwa aquarium imafuna kuti bizinesi akhale ndi nthawi yabwino kwambiri yomwe angapereke kwa ziweto zawo.
Ndikofunikira! Chidziwitso cha nsomba zazingwezi m'madzi otchedwa aquarium ndizosafunika kuti azidzipiritsa mazira ndi kulemera mofulumira.
Makhalidwe amafunika kuti atsatire izi:
- chiwonongeko;
- madzi oyeretsedwa omwe amaperekedwa ndi oxygen;
- chakudya choyenera;
- vitamini supplement.
Chosavuta ndi malo omwe amamangidwa ndi kukula kwa aquarium. Kuchulukitsa zokolola, malowa ayenera kupitilizidwa.
Ndikofunikira! Mtengo wotsika kwambiri womwe umaloledwa nsomba zazingwezi ndi -1 ° C: kutentha uku, samafa, koma samafalikira.
Zimene mungadyetse nsomba zazingwezi
Nsomba za mtunduwu zimakonda kwambiri nyama zamoyo, koma mwachilengedwe zimatha kuphatikizapo mitundu yotsala ya organic, carrion mu zakudya zawo. Ndi kusowa kwakukulu kwa chakudya cha kudya kungatheke. Kawirikawiri, amadya zonse zomwe angakwanitse, popeza sakhala osaka. 
Mu chilengedwe, ndi:
- tizirombo;
- masamba;
- mphutsi za tizilombo;
- nsomba zazing'ono ndi nkhono.
Atagwira nyama ndi chithandizidwe, amathyola zidutswa zazing'ono ndikudya. Mwachiwonekere, zizindikiro zamagulu zimadya zomwe chikhalidwe chawo chimadyetsa - kudyetsa khansa panyumba sizovuta kwambiri.
Kudyetsa nyama ku ukapolo ndi:
- tirigu wosweka;
- nyama ndi mankhwala;
- mbatata yophika;
- nsomba;
- kaloti;
- chigawo chimadyetsa;
- chakudya chapadera;
- mphutsi, mphutsi, tizilombo, nkhono.
Chakudya cha nsomba za mtunduwu chimagulitsidwa m'masitolo ogulitsa nsomba, pamodzi, ndi malo ena apadera.
Kuberekera (kubereka) kwa nsomba zazinkhanira
Mbalame ya nsomba zamtchire pachaka, nthawi zambiri kugwa. Mayi wina amapanga mazira 110-480, ambiri omwe amafa popanda kubala. Chiwerengero cha khansa akuluakulu opangidwa ndi mkazi mmodzi ndi 30.
Mkaziyo ndi wochepa kwambiri kuposa wamwamuna. Mphunoyi imakhala ndi miyendo iwiri yosiyana ya mimba, yomwe imapangitsa wokondedwayo kumalidwa. 
Kukonzekera sikukuchitika: mutatha kukwatira mnzanuyo, mwamuna amamusiya ndikuyesera manyowa, mkazi amapewa kuyanjana kwambiri kotero kuti njira yothetsera mwanayo imatha kumupha.
Ng'ombeyo imalidwa mkati mwa thupi lake, ngati wokondedwayo ali wamphamvu, pambuyo pake imalowa mumthunzi wake masana, pamene nkhanza za abambo zimakula, amaopa kusiya.
Mukudziwa? Mwamuna wamba amatha kuphimba akazi awiri, ndipo izi zimamukweza kwambiri kuti athe kudya wina wachitatu atatha feteleza.
Ambiri samwamuna samatenga mbali iliyonse yobereka - chisamaliro cha mwanayo chimagwera pa mayiyo.
Pafupifupi mwezi umodzi pambuyo pa umuna, mkazi amamera. Pachifukwa ichi, mazirawa amathiridwa pamatope mpaka pamphuno amazira. Imeneyi ndi nthawi yovuta kwambiri kwa mayi woyembekezera: ayenera kupereka mazira ndi mpweya, kugwira ntchito ndi mchira, kuwateteza ku chiwonongeko cha adani, ndikupanga njira zoyenera kuti aziyeretsa kuchokera ku nkhungu, udothi ndi algae. Mu gawo ili la caviar watayika ndipo amamwalira. 
Ndibwino kuti apulumutse mazira 60, omwe mphutsi idzatuluka. Pakapita sabata kapena awiri, amayamba kuchoka kwa mayiyo, kubisala kudziko lakunja pansi pa mchira wake, ndikumusiya patatha mwezi umodzi kapena awiri. Panthawi imeneyo, kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi masentimita atatu, ndipo ali ndi luso lopulumuka.
Mwachilengedwe, 10-15% mwa iwo adzapulumuka, koma ndi chakudya chokwanira pa zinthu zopangira, sungani zombo zambiri - 85-90%.
Khansara imalowa msinkhu ali ndi zaka zitatu. Kukula kwake kwazimayi sikuyenera kukhala pansi pa mamitamita 67. Amuna amakula kukula, mwinamwake sichidzagwirana ndi vuto la kubereka.
Poganizira zovuta za kubereka kwa ziwalo zakutchire kumtchire, tikuwona kufunikira kwa kubereka kwawo.
Nsomba za mtunduwu
Nthawi yotentha ndi yoopsa kwa munthu aliyense. Osati kokha chigoba chakunja chimatayika, koma komanso chophimba cha mitsempha, maso, mphuno ndi mano, zomwe khansara imagwedeza chakudya. Chinthu chokha chokhazikika chomwe chimakhalabe ndi iye - gastroliths - maimidwe a mchere omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe a lens. Iwo ali m'mimba mwa chinyama ndipo ndi malo opeza kashiamu, yomwe nyama imagwiritsa ntchito kuti ikhale ndi ziwalo zolimba za thupi.
Mukudziwa? Ulendowu unali kutchedwa "miyala ya nsomba za m'nyanja" m'zaka zamkatikati. Iwo anali ofunika monga machiritso ozizwitsa omwe amachiza matenda onse.
Khansara yowonongeka imakhala yofewa komanso yopanda chitetezo: chifukwa chake, amasankha kukhala pangozi mu burrow, kuti asawonongeke ndi achibale ake.
M'chaka choyamba cha moyo wawo, pamene akukula mofulumira, nsomba zazikuluzikulu zimasintha chipolopolo kasanu ndi kamodzi, m'chaka chachiwiri cha moyo zimachitika kasanu, m'zaka zotsatira, kamodzi kapena kawiri pachaka. Zaka zoyamba zimafa nthawi yoyamba yamtundu, pafupifupi 10 peresenti amakhala m'badwo wamalonda kunja.
Ngakhale chipolopolocho sichimaumitsa, khansara mumthunzi wake umakula mofulumira, ngakhale kuti sichidya chirichonse. Pambuyo pa kuchiza kwa chipolopolocho, kukula kumasiya mpaka kusintha kosintha kwa chovalacho.
Amuna akuluakulu amakula mpaka masentimita 21, akazi - mpaka masentimita 15.
Zida zina zowonjezera nsomba zazingwewe
Pofuna kubzala nsomba zazingwe kunyumba, mumasowa zipangizo zina.
Zitatu zam'madzi zija zanyamula:
- Zosefera zomwe ziyenera kusinthidwa katatu pachaka;
- compressors omwe amapindulitsa madzi ndi mpweya;
- zipangizo zowunika mlingo wa oksijeni, kutentha kwa madzi;
- otentha omwe amakulolani kukonzekera kutentha kwa anthu payekha komanso, makamaka, mazira.
Pafupifupi awiri, makamaka matabwa atatu kwa akuluakulu, makanda ndi kukwatira, omwe ali ndi:
- kayendedwe ka madzi;
- dongosolo la aeration;
- zizindikiro zomwe zimabweretsanso zachilengedwe.
Madzi kukula kwake kwa mamita 25 square, kuya kwa mamita 2.Ndikofunika kuti dziwe lisakhale limodzi - panthawi ina padzakhala koyenera kudzala ana kuti apulumutse. Maonekedwe ophimba a dzenje amathandiza kuti mpweya uzikhala bwino.
Dziweli liyenera kuperekedwa ndi malo oterewa:
- miyala;
- dongo;
- zomera;
- mchenga
Iwo omwe ali ndi mzimu chifukwa cha kubereka nsomba zazitsamba ayenera ndithudi amayesa kukonza njira iyi. Ngakhale kuti sichifulumira, sizili zovuta kwambiri, ndipo sizikusowa ndalama zambiri, koma zidzakuthokozani ndi phindu lokhazikika ndi zosangalatsa zomwe bizinesi yanu mumakonda.
