"Kukonzanso" kotembenuzidwa kuchokera ku French kukutanthauza "kubwezeretsanso", ndipo okonda phwando pa zipatso zowutsa mudothi kwa nthawi yaitali amadziwa chomwe chomera, monga remontant strawberries, ndi mabulosi okoma ndi onunkhira, okondweretsa chipatso m'nyengo yozizira ngakhale kumayambiriro kwa autumn.
Kodi kusankha mbande remontantnoy strawberries
Pogula zokolola Ndikofunika kumvetsera maonekedwe a chomera:
- tchire ayenera kukhala bwino;
- ayenera kukhala ndi mapepala 3-4 a mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira, popanda inclusions ndi zolakwika zina;
- mizu ya mizu: mizu ya chomera iyenera kukhala osachepera 6 cm;
- Mtima wa chitsamba (impso zikuluzikulu) ziyenera kukhala zazikulu, pinki. Amakhulupirira kuti kukula kwakukulu kwa mtima, kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kotuta chaka chotsatira mutabzala m'malo atsopano.
Mukudziwa? Strawberry ndi mabulosi okha omwe ali ndi mbewu kunja.
Kusankha malo okhala
Pakuti kubzala zomera amasankha malo malo apansi kapena pang'ono kumadzulo kumadzulo. Kumadera otsika, mbande sizinabzalidwe, monga momwe zidzakhalira ndi matenda, ndipo chifukwa cha mpweya wozizira, zokolola za zipatso zidzavutika.
Pamphepete mwa kum'mwera, zomera sizinabzalidwe, pamene chisanu chimasungunuka kumayambiriro kumeneko, ndipo tchire chotsitsimutsidwa chingathe kuzizira pansi pa kasupe wa chisanu. Malo a strawberries sayenera kuwombedwa kwambiri. - bwino ngati atetezedwa ku mphepo.
Ndikofunikira! Chifukwa cha zokolola zosadodometsedwa, anthu okhala m'nyengo ya chilimwe amagwiritsa ntchito mabedi atatu: pa bedi loyamba, tchire chobala zipatso zimakula, palimodzi pamera, pamunda wachitatu - basi.
Kuunikira
Chomerachi chikukula bwino ndipo chimapatsa fruiting wambiri pamalo owala kwambiri. Pa malo amenewa, zipatso zimakhala zonunkhira komanso zokoma. Mu mthunzi, chomeracho chimabereka chipatso choipa, ndipo zipatso sizingadzitamande ndi kukoma, chifukwa zimakhala madzi komanso zowawa.
Nthaka
Pakuti chodzala strawberries asankhe malo okhala ndi loamy nthaka yowala. Malo osankhidwa amachotsedwa ndi miyala ndi namsongole, ngati n'kotheka, kubzala mchere. Remontant mitundu kukula bwino pa mulch ku rotted udzu, udzu, sideratov, utuchi, pine singano.
Nthaka yoonda kwambiri imakhala bwino, ndipo zipatso zimayambira kale, chinyezi chimakhala chosungika bwino, ndipo zipatso zomwe zili pansi sizingasokonezeke ndi zovunda zakuda.
Oyambirira
Ndi zofunika kuti pa malo osankhidwa kubzala mbewu monga katsabola, radish, letesi, adyo kapena nandolo zikanakula kale. Pambuyo pokolola, chiwembucho chimabzalidwa ndi oats, mpiru kapena nyemba. Parsley wobzalidwa pafupi ndi strawberries amawotcha slugs. Sage ndi borage zimathandizira kukula kwa tchire. Konzani Strawberry osayenera kubzala pafupi ndi mbatata, chifukwa ali ndi tizilombo toononga.
Ndikofunikira! Ma strawberries omwe ali ndi shuga otsika kwambiri mu zipatso akulimbikitsidwa kwa anthu odwala matenda a shuga.
Kubzala sitiroberi kukonza
Anthu omwe akufuna kukula sitiroberi remontantnu pa chiwembu chawo, muyenera kuzindikira kuti kubzala ndi kusamalira kumachitika mwanjira inayake.
Musanadzalemo, kukumba m'nthaka ndipo, ngati n'kotheka, mumasule. Pangani zitsime zing'onozing'ono ndi masentimita 20, ndikubweretsa pansi pazakumwa pang'ono za biohumus, phulusa ndi kompositi. Mbande ndi masamba apansi amachotsedwa pamodzi ndi clod ya dziko iikidwa mu dzenje, lodzazidwa ndi dziko lapansi. Samalirani kukula komwe kuli pamtunda womwewo ndi nthaka.
Mukudziwa? Pofuna kuchepetsa mavuto omwe amachitidwa ndi strawberries, m'pofunika kumamwa kapena kulitenga ndi mkaka.
Nthawi yabwino
Malingana ndi derali, nyengo yake imakhala nthawi yoyenera kubzala remontantnuyu strawberries. Chomeracho chikukula mwakuya kwa mizu ndi masamba kawiri pachaka - m'nyengo yamasika ndi chilimwe: pogwiritsa ntchito izi mbande obzalidwa m'chaka ndi theka lachiwiri la chilimwe.
Mu kasupe, mbande zimabzalidwa potseguka pansi, dothi lokwera pamwamba likamawomba kutentha kwa 12 ° C. M'chilimwe, mbande zingabzalidwe kumapeto kwa July (pafupifupi kuchokera pa 25) mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa August.
Kwa mitundu ya remontant, kusamba kwa kasupe kuli koyenera m'zinthu zonse. Chomeracho chimakhala ndi nthawi yosinthira ndi kuphuka bwino. Ngati chomerachi chibzalidwa mu theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa May, ndiye kuti zipatso zoyambirira zidzaonekera pakatikati pa mwezi wa July ndipo zidzakusangalatsani mpaka kumapeto kwa mwezi wa September.
Malo okonzekera
Kukula strawberries kumtunda kuli ndi makhalidwe ake. Chofunika kwambiri pakupeza zokolola zam'tsogolo ndi kukonzekera nthaka yobzala. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yowala. Kuwongolera maonekedwe a nthaka, zimabweretsa zakudya.
Pa gawo limodzi la nthaka limapereka gawo limodzi la kompositi, 10% phulusa la nkhuni, kuti phokoso likhale loonjezerapo kuwonjezera 20% peat ndi 10% ya conifer utuchi. Mu mawonekedwe a feteleza, nayitrogeni, potaziyamu ndi phosphorous amayamba, zomwe ndi zofunika kwambiri kuti kukula ndi thanzi la mbewu.
Ndondomeko yabwino
Mwini aliyense amasankha yekha njira yabwino yobzala strawberries. Pali zoterozo mitundu yobzala strawberries:
- Kubzala strawberries m'mizere. Zomera zimabzalidwa pamtunda wamtunda wa masentimita 30, zimadutsa pakati pa mizere isanakwane masentimita 70. Njira yobzala imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zomera zomwe zimakula bwino, kuponyera kumapiri.
- Njira yosungirako mapepala. Monga lamulo, njira iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa strawberries popanda mawonekedwe alionse. Mtunda pakati pa tchire ukhale 25 masentimita ang'ono-fruited strawberries ndi masentimita 40 - chifukwa chachikulu-fruited.
Onani mitundu yowonongeka kwa sitiroberi: "Fresco", "Elizabeth 2", "Albion", "Mara de Bois".
Kusamalira strawberries remontant
Sitiroberiyi amasiyana ndi mitundu ina kuti zipatso zoyambirira zikadzasonkhanitsidwa, zipatso zazotsatira zokolola zimangomangirizidwa. Ziribe kanthu momwe mabulosi remontant mabulosi amathandizira kwambiri, kukula ndi kusamalira kumafuna ntchito zambiri ndi kusamalira. Popeza sitiroberi ya remontant imapereka zokolola zingapo pa nyengo, imayenera kuthiriridwa moonjezera ndi kudyetsa kwina, ndipo izi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa.
Kuchiza mankhwala
Musanabzala, mvetserani kuti dziko lapansi liribe masango a mphutsi za wireworm ndi maluwa okongola. Kuti awononge mphutsi, nthaka imachizidwa ndi madzi ammonia. Kuti mbeu yobzalidwa ikule mwamphamvu, osati poyera ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, m'pofunika kuti tigwire nthawi ya nyengo yachisanu ndi yophukira. njira zothandizira:
- klorini ndi oksidi yamkuwa muzichitira zomera ngati mungazindikire kuti imvi yavunda. Zimakhudza zomera m'nyengo yozizira ndi yamvula, mawanga amawoneka pa zipatso, ndiye - white fluffy pachimake. Pofuna kukolola zokolola, zipatso zonse zowonongeka zimawonongeka;
- Njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate kapena colloidal sulfure imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochitira zomera kuchokera powdery mildew. Chizindikiro chake ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa masamba, omwe amawombera ndipo amakhala ofiira: zitsamba zomwe zakhudzidwa zimawonongedwa.
Kuthirira, kuyanika ndi kumasula nthaka
Konzani strawberries amafuna madzi okwanira mobwerezabwereza, makamaka masiku otentha pamene kutentha kwa mpweya kumawomba madigiri 30 kapena kuposa. Yesetsani kusunga dziko nthawi zonse kulowetsedwa ndi chinyezi 3-5 masentimita.
Kuti tipeze kukolola kochuluka ndikofunika kusamalira mbeu yochera nthawi ndi kumasula nthaka. Mosamala kwambiri, osayesa kuwononga mizu ndi ndevu za chomera, chitani izi. Ngati mwalengeza nthaka poyamba (yowonjezera peat, utuchi, udzu), ndiye kuti simukuyenera kumasula nthawi zonse.
Sungani pakati pa mizere kuti musunge chinyezi
Kutentha kwa dothi ndi pinini ndi singano za spruce zimathandiza osati kusunga chinyezi, kuonetsetsa kuti mizu ya zitsamba ndi mpweya, komanso zimapangitsa kuti kukoma kwa zipatso zikhale kosavuta.
Posachedwapa, njira yowonjezera zipatso pansi pa kuphimba zipangizo zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, imatchedwanso mulching. Nyuzipepala yakuda imayikidwa pa nthaka yokonzekera kubzala, kupyolera kwapadera kumapangidwira mmenemo, kumene mitengo ya sitiroberi yabzalidwa. Firimuyi imakhala ndi chinyezi chofunikira, imateteza namsongole, imapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunikira kwambiri pa kukula kwa zomera.
Kupaka pamwamba
Mutatha kuthirira mbeu zokolola feteleza. Chifukwa chaichi, udzu (nettle ndi chitsamba chowawa) pamadzi pansi pa dzuwa umatengedwa kwa sabata. Kusakaniza kumeneku kuli ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala zofunika kuti chitukuko chikhale chonchi. Kulowetsedwa kumadutsa kupyolera mu nsalu kuti asabweretse udzu mu maudzu a sitiroberi. Komanso pofuna kudyetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mullein kapena zitosi za mbalame.
Kudulira
M'chaka, mutatha kukolola, kudulira masamba akale, owuma, kumachitika mukakhala kuti mulibe nthawi yochita kugwa. Pambuyo kudulira, zomera ndi kanjira zimaperekedwa ndi kukonzekera kwapadera kwa matenda, bowa, nkhungu ndi tizirombo. Ambiri amaluwa amaluwa amasankha kudula remontany strawberries m'chaka.
Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira
Mitengo ikaleka kubereka zipatso, iyenera kutero konzekerani nyengo yozizira:
- Zakale zimadyetsedwa kuti zibwezeretsedwe komanso zimapatsa zipatso zambiri mu nyengo yotsatira;
- kumapeto kwa August - oyambirira September, onse maluwa mapesi akudulidwa;
- Pambuyo pa chisanu, masamba amadulidwa ku chomera ndipo ndevu zimadulidwa;
- nyengo yozizira idzaphimbidwa pazikhazikitso zowonjezera kutentha: masamba kapena zakuda zakufa zidzakhala zoyenera pazinthu izi.
Njira zoberekera
Anthu ambiri ali ndi chidwi ndi funso la momwe angafalitsire mapepala a repreberative, ndi mavuto otani ndi zomwe muyenera kumvetsera.
Usa
Pofuna kusunga makhalidwe abwino a mtundu wina, kuswana kumachitika ndi masharubu. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pobereka basi mbuzi za mbuzi zoyambirira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kubalana ndi masharubu sikutanthauza luso lapadera, lingaliro lokha. Pamene mukusamalira tchire la sitiroberi, ndevu zisanu zimasiyidwa pamtunda wathanzi, osaposa - ena onse achotsedwa. Kubzala kumagwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zotukuka kwambiri ndi zathanzi.
Akugawa magawano
Njira imodzi yobweretsera sitiroberi kubereka ndi kugawa chitsamba chabwino mu nyanga zosiyana kuti chomera chilichonse chikhale ndi mizu yambiri. Mitengo imagawanika kumapeto kwa chilimwe - kumayambiriro kwa September, onse obzala zakuthupi ayenera kubzalidwa, mwinamwake achinyamata zomera sadzakhala ndi nthawi yokhala pansi asanayambe chisanu.
Kukula tchire kuchokera ku mbewu ndi ntchito yovuta komanso yovuta, koma tchire lidzakhala labwino kwambiri.
Kudziwa momwe mungasamalire remontant strawberries kudzakuthandizani kupeza bwino zipatso zapamwamba khalidwe zipatso mu nyengo.
