Petunia nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa nyumba, nyumba, maofesi ndi malo ena. Amakhalanso wokhalitsa wamabedi amaluwa ndi mabedi amaluwa kumadera akutali. Izi sizodabwitsa chifukwa alibe chidwi, samayambitsa zovuta pakukula. Nthawi yomweyo, imakopa chidwi ndi maluwa okongola komanso fungo labwino. Komabe, zimachitika kuti petunia amatha pambuyo pochulukitsidwa kapena ngakhale kukula m'malo amodzi. Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza izi zitha kukhala zifukwa zopanda vuto komanso matenda akulu. Pachiwiri, kufunikira kuchitapo kanthu, apo ayi mbewuyo idzafa.
Chifukwa chiyani petunia wauma
Petunia akuyamba kutuluka chikasu ndikuwuma pazifukwa zingapo.
Zolakwa za Florist
Nthawi zambiri, kuyanika ndi chikasu cha petunia kumalumikizidwa ndi zolakwika posamalira:
- madzi okwanira osakwanira nyengo yotentha;
- madzi ochulukirapo m'nthaka masiku ozizira (mizu imayamba kuvunda, chifukwa cha izi gawo lakumwambalo limafa);
- kusowa kwa mpweya watsopano (nyengo yofunda, kupuma kachipinda tsiku ndi tsiku ndikofunikira, m'chilimwe ndikulimbikitsidwa kutenga duwa kunja);
- lakuthwa kutentha;
- ntchito kuthirira madzi olimba;
- kusowa kwachitsulo m'nthaka.
Chifukwa cha kukonza komanso kusamalira zolakwika, masamba otsika amawuma mu petunia:
- kuuma kapena chinyezi chambiri cha nthaka;
- kusowa kwa feteleza;
- kusowa kapena kuchuluka kwa dzuwa (kachiwiri, zimayambira zidzatambalala).
Matenda
Petunia adzauma ndi matenda otsatirawa:
- imvi zowola;
- chlorosis;
- ufa wowonda;
- Fusarium
Izi ndi zotupa zotupa za tracheomycotic. Makina awo opanga chitukuko ndi ofanana: Matenda amakhudza ziwiya zam'mbali, chifukwa cha izi, michere ndi madzi sizingalowe mu mlengalenga. Chifukwa cha kuchepa, masamba amaterera ndi kutembenukira chikasu.
Tizilombo
Zomwe zimayambitsa zilonda za petunia zingathe kugonja tizirombo zotsatirazi:
- Spider mite. Chimayamba nthawi zambiri chinyezi zambiri. Mutha kuzindikira ndi tsamba la siliva pamasamba ndi nthambi.
- Ma nsabwe. Awa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta imvi. Khalani pamkatikati mwa masamba. Amadya zipatso zamaluwa, kusiya masamba obiriwira. Chizindikiro china cha matenda ndi kupindika kwa masamba.
- Nematode. Awa ndi nyongolotsi zazing'ono zomwe zimawononga mizu. Chifukwa cha izi, petunia amafota ndikuuma.
Zifukwa zina
Masamba otsika kuchokera pansi pa chitsamba angachitike chifukwa chachilengedwe, ngati ali ndi miyezi yoposa iwiri. Chifukwa chake, mbewuyo imachotsa masamba akale. Monga lamulo, izi zimawonedwa kumapeto kwa Ogasiti-Sepemba.
Zoyenera kuchita ngati petunia auma ndi kufota, kutengera zifukwa
Ngati vuto la kuthengo ndi losasamalidwa bwino, muyenera kusintha.
Tchire ikawuma chifukwa cha tizirombo kapena matenda, tiyenera kuchitapo kanthu:
| Chifukwa | Njira | Chithandizo |
| Zovunda | madzi ofewa firiji (makamaka kusungunuka kapena mvula); poto watsopano; zakuthupi zonyowa. | Ikani ngalande pansi pa thanki yatsopano kuti madzi asamayende. Chotsani chitsamba mupoto wakale, chotsani mbali zomwe zakhudzidwa. Bzalani mubzala watsopano. |
| Zowola za Grey (Fusarium poyambirira koyambirira) | makala, phulusa kapena choko; kugula kukonzekera Integral kapena Skor. | Sinthani chisamaliro: kuthirira pang'ono, kuwala kwabwino, kutentha kuposa madigiri +25, chinyezi kuchokera 80%. Chotsani mbali zomwe zakhudzidwa. Chitani maderawa ndi makala, phulusa kapena choko. Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala oopsa (Mlingo: Wothandizira - 25 ml pa madzi okwanira 1 litre, Speed - 2 ml pa malita 10). |
| Powdery mildew | sulfate yamkuwa, Fitosporin, Fundazole (wokhala ndi chotupa chofooka); Ordan, Proton, Purebranch (pamlingo wapamwamba wa matendawa); Bordeaux madzi. | Wonongerani mbali zakudyazo. Ventil chipinda. Limbani dothi ndi Bordeaux fluid. Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka (mlingo umasonyezedwa mu malangizo omwe ali phukusi). |
| Iron chlorosis kapena kuchepa kwachitsulo m'nthaka | citric acid; sulfate yamkuwa; madzi owiritsa. | Konzani yankho la citric acid ndi sulfate yamkuwa (½ supuni ya 0,5 malita). Kutsanulira muzu pambuyo pothirira kwachilengedwe katatu patsiku (mpaka zizindikirike). |
| Ma nsabwe | Actara (1 g pa madzi okwanira 1 litre); Decis kapena Confidor (0.5 ml pa 1 lita); Fufanon (1 ml pa lita imodzi). | Ndi tizirombo tating'ono, tisonkhanitsani pamanja (mwachitsanzo, ndi vacuum cleaner) ndikuwathandiza ndi yofooka yankho la mankhwalawa. Ngati mukuwonongeka kwambiri, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala omwe ali pakanema. |
| Spider mite | Neoron (1-2 ml pa madzi okwanira 1 litre); Apollo (0.5 ml pa 1 lita). | Thirani chitsamba chonse ndi mayankho, makamaka m'munsi mwa masamba. |
| Nematode | Daffodil (0.5 ml pa madzi okwanira 1 litre). | Ngati mankhwalawa sakuthandizani, ikani mbewuzo mumphika watsopano wokhala ndi dothi lolimba. |
Kubwezeretsa duwa lodwala
Ngati petunia yauma, koma yasala ndi gawo limodzi lamoyo, duwa litha kupulumutsidwa:
- Dulani mbali zonse zouma.
- Ikani chitsamba chokwanira m'madzi ofunda, oyera kwa maola atatu (ena pamabwalo am'munda amalimbikitsa kusiya chomera tsiku limodzi).
- Ngati kudula kumayamba kuoneka, zikutanthauza kuti adatha kuyambiranso petunia.
Mutabzala mbande ya duwali yosungidwa mumphika watsopano, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo onse okonza ndikuwasamalira kuti musalole kuyambiranso.
Momwe mungapewere kufa kwa petunias
Kuti chomera chisamere komanso kuti chisade, ndikofunikira kuti chikhala bwino.
Petunia sakonda dampness (makamaka madontho akulu amadzi amagwera pamasamba ndi maluwa), mthunzi ndi gawo pang'ono, mawonekedwe okoka ndi mphepo yamphamvu.
Ndikofunika kuthirira maluwa molondola:
- mukakula m'nyumba, izi zimayenera kuchitika katatu pa sabata;
- mutabzala panja - kamodzi pa masiku awiri, ndimakhala kouma tsiku lililonse.
Palibe chifukwa chakuti acidization ya gawo lapansi kapena kusayenda kwa chinyezi kuloledwa. Poterepa, chitsamba chitha kufa.
Chomera sichofunikira kwambiri feteleza.
Pakudya, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ina iliyonse kupatula manyowa.
Petunia ndi chomera chosasangalatsa. Sichifuna kuti akhale mndende mwapadera ndipo sizimayambitsa zovuta akachoka. Chofunikira kwambiri ndikutsatira malamulo a ulimi wothirira, kuonetsetsa kuti pamakhala kutentha, chinyezi komanso kuyatsa kwake. Mukamatsatira malangizo osavuta omwe afotokozeredwa pamwambapa, mbewuyo singathe, imakusangalatsani ndi maluwa ake okongola komanso osangalatsa kwa miyezi yambiri.
