Zomera zambiri zimakula ndi mbande, zomwe zimakhala ndi zida zing'onozing'ono kapena mabokosi apadera. Lero, kuti akonze njirayi kwa wamaluwa, opanga makinawa amabwera ndi makasitomala abwino apadera.
Makaseti a mbande
Ambiri a dacha adziwa kale ubwino wofesa mbewu mu kanyumba kozizira poyerekeza ndi "njira zakale". Komanso, lero akhoza kusankhidwa mosiyanasiyana, mawonekedwe, komanso pa thumba lililonse. Ojambula amapereka pulasitiki, makompyuta okongoletsedwa ndi peat ophikira matanki. 
Pulasitiki
Makaseti apulasitiki amakhala opangidwa ndi polystyrene ndi PVC, ndipo ntchito yawo yaikulu ndi mwayi wogwiritsiridwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza, chifukwa zimakhala zosavuta kuyeretsa, motero amapulumutsa ndalama. Chiwerengero cha maselo m'makaseti oterewa akhoza kukhala kuyambira 15 mpaka 64, malinga ndi bukuli. Kawirikawiri, mabowo a ngalande apangidwa kale m'maselo onse. Ngati sichoncho, muyenera kuwapanga kunyumba. Katemera nthawi zambiri amapereka miyala yapadera ya pulasitiki ya mbande ndi michere yowonekera kuti apange mini-hothouse. Makaseti ambiri amapangidwa ndi pulasitiki yakuda, komwe nthaka imakula mofulumira, ndipo ndi yabwino kwambiri kwa mbande zomwe zimabzalidwa pamtunda. Koma palinso zitsulo zoyera - mmalo mwake zomera zimalandira kuwala kochulukirapo chifukwa cha kusinkhasinkha kwa pulasitiki. Monga lamulo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mbande zoyambirira. 
Mukudziwa? Nkhaka zofesedwa pa mbande zimere masiku atatu mpaka 7, okoma tsabola - pambuyo pa masiku 7-15, tomato - masiku 6-10, masapendi - mu masiku asanu ndi awiri. Kutentha kwa chipindacho ndi kukwera kwa chinyezi, mofulumira mudzawona mphukira.
Maonekedwe a maselo m'matangi awa kuti apange mbande akhoza kukhala ozungulira, ozungulira komanso ozungulira, omwe amapezeka bwino kwambiri.
Ma matepiwa ndi abwino kwambiri kumalo osungirako zipinda zam'mudzi, chifukwa amatha kusokoneza mkati mwake, amatha kutengeka mosavuta, komanso chifukwa cha pallets, madzi samafalikira pawindo lawindo.
Pepala
Pali zomera zomwe Osauka kwambiri amalolera kuika ndi mizu yawo bwino kuti asasokoneze. Imodzi mwa njira zomwe mungasankhire mbande zotere ndi makatoni, omwe, monga lamulo, amakhala ndi maselo 4 mpaka 10. Musanabzala, maselo amang'amba mosavuta ndipo mizu ya mbande siidapweteka, choncho mbewuyo sidzakhala yofooka ndipo imakula mofulumira. Mu nthaka, kale zidutswa za makapu makompyuta zisokoneze ndipo musamawononge chilengedwe. Komanso, pepala imapereka mpweya wokwanira wa mizu ndipo ili ndi mtengo wotsika.
Komabe, kusankha matepi amenewa sikuli kosiyana monga pulasitiki, ndipo amafunika kugula chaka chilichonse. Ngati pali mbande zambiri, njirayi idzakhala yotsika mtengo. Chinthu chinanso chovuta ndi chakuti pamene madzi owonjezerawo akupezeka, mapepala amayamba kuwonongeka msanga, maselo amasintha mawonekedwe ndikuphimbidwa ndi nkhungu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti bowa limakhudze mbewu.
Ndikofunikira! Pakutha mapepala amathira nitrojeni m'nthaka, choncho zomera zimasowa feteleza ndi feteleza, monga urea.
Peat
Makaseti a peat opanikizidwa, ngakhale oposa mtengo wa pulasitiki ndi pepala, koma ali ndi ubwino wambiri:
- Kutaya, peat kumapereka mizu yowonjezera zakudya zina
- Chifukwa cha pulogalamu yake yowona mpweya ku mizu imaperekedwa.
- Chomera sichivulazidwa pobzala, chifukwa sichichotsedwa mu thanki
- Zosangalatsa zachilengedwe
Kodi ubwino wake ndi uti?
Katswiri wamakaseti a kukula mbande ali ndi ubwino wambiri wosatsutsika, ndi:
- Magalasi okhala ndi pallets akhoza kukonzedwanso mosavuta kuchokera kumalo osiyanasiyana kupita kumalo otsetsereka.
- Palibe chifukwa chokwera pansi, ndipo izi zimapulumutsa nthawi ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mbande.
- Zomera zonse zimakhala zofanana - zimakhala ndi danga lomwelo, zimalandira kuwala kofanana ndi madzi, choncho mbewu zimakula mofanana.
- Chifukwa cha danga laling'ono, mizu imakula kwambiri.
- Kuopsa kwa matenda opatsirana kumachepetsa.
- Mukamabzala, chomeracho chimachotsedwa ndi clod ya dziko lapansi ndipo mizu siidapweteka.
Kodi pali zovuta zilizonse?
Inde, monga njira ina iliyonse - iyi imakhalanso ndi mbali zake zoipa. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi kuyanika mofulumira kwa dothi m'maselo, popeza matanki ali ochepa. Ndipo kachilombo kawiri ndi njira yokwera mtengo kwa kulima kwakukulu. Koma kwa madera ang'onoang'ono akumidzi, ndizolondola ndipo amayenera kusamala. 
Momwe mungasankhire chidebe chodzala
Posankha makasitomala a mbande, m'pofunika kumvetsetsa: Mbeu ziti zidzafesedwa mmenemo, zidziwe za kukula kwa mizu ya zomera, ndipo dziwani pamene mbeu idzabzalidwa kuchokera ku "nyumba" zawo.
Mukudziwa? Agogo athu aamuna ndi agogo aamuna, omwe sanamvepo chilichonse pa intaneti, adakhazikitsa tsiku lodzala pa maholide a tchalitchi. M'munda, palibe ntchito yomwe idakwaniritsidwe isanatchulidwe, ngakhale kutentha kunja, ndipo mbande za tomato ndi tsabola zinabzalidwa pamtunda pokhapokha atatha tsiku la St. Nicholas, lomwe likukondedwa pa May 22.
Makhalidwe abwino
Pogula mapepala apulasitiki, choyamba, mverani fungo - lisakhale lopweteka kwambiri. Kukhalapo kwa fungo loopsa kumasonyeza kusokoneza zipangizo zamakono komanso zopitirira muyezo wa zinthu zovulaza zomwe zimatulutsidwa ndikupita ku mbande ndi madzi. Mtundu wa pulasitiki umatsimikiziridwa ndi kukhudza - woonda kwambiri amakhalanso wopanda pake, choncho ndi bwino kugula 20% mtengo wapatali - pamapeto pake zidzakhala zotsika mtengo. Zamagetsi kuchokera kwa opanga opanga zimapangidwira pompano - fufuzani kukhulupirika kwa phukusi. 
Nkhani za kukula
Makasitomala amasiyana mosiyana ndi zakuthupi ndi mtundu, komanso kukula ndi chiwerengero cha maselo. Kwa zomera zosiyana, maselo osiyana ndi mawonekedwe amasankhidwa. Mwachitsanzo, oyambirira kabichi, strawberries, tomato, nkhaka, maselo a mawonekedwe aliwonse ndi abwino kwa 60-70 ml, tsabola wokoma - conical ndi 30-40 ml mkulu. Maselo ang'onoang'ono ali oyenera masamba, maekisi ndi babu, zitsamba zosiyanasiyana zokometsera, mochedwa kabichi. Okonza ena amagwiritsa ntchito tebulo kuzinthu zawo, malinga ndi momwe mungasankhire kaseti yoyenera ya mtengo winawake.
Mfundo yaikulu ya chisankho ndi ichi: Zomera zomwe mizu ikukula mozama, mumafunikira maselo apamwamba monga mawonekedwe a cone, ndipo omwe ali ndi mizu yambiri ndi yayikulu.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito makaseti
Kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino, mbande zokongola zamakaseti, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ena posankha dothi, kuthirira, kusunga mphamvu ya kuwala, komanso kumamatira nthawi yomwe mubzala ndi kuyala. 
Nthaka yamakaseti ziyenera kukhala zowala komanso zowonjezera nthawi yomweyo. Mukhoza kugula osakaniza m'masitolo makamaka kwa mbande. Gawo lotereli lidzakhala lokhazikika monga momwe zingathere poyerekeza ndi chiwerengero cha zakudya zokwanira, mlingo wa acidity ndi kusinthidwa kuchokera ku tizirombo ndi bowa.
Asanayambe ntchito, kasetiyo iyenera kutsukidwa bwino ndi sopo kapena njira ya potassium permanganate. Lembani maselowo musanayese kufesa pafupifupi 2/3 voliyumu, kuti pakhale malo okwanira nthaka. Kenaka, chidebecho chimakhala ndi chivindikiro kapena filimu yotentha nthaka. Pamene dothi likuyaka, amayamba kukonzekera mbewu - amathiridwa mu potaziyamu permanganate, kenaka mu kukula stimulator kapena mumadzi. Zipinda 1-3 zimayikidwa mu selo iliyonse. mbewu - m'tsogolomu imakhalabe mphukira yamphamvu kwambiri. Kuchokera pamwamba pa mbeuyi amawaza 1-2 mm ndi nthaka, yothira, yokutidwa, ndikuyika pamalo otentha. Tsiku ndi tsiku chivindikiro kapena filimu imatsegulidwa kwa mphindi zingapo potsitsimula.
Mbali yosamalira mbande mu makaseti
Pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mbande chophimba chimachotsedwa pa kaseti. Ndikofunika kuteteza ngakhale ziphuphu zofooka kuchokera pazithunzi ndi kutsogolera kuwala kwa dzuwa. Dziko lapansi mu makaseti limakula mofulumira kuposa mabokosi, choncho chikhalidwe chake chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa tsiku ndi tsiku. Mukhoza kuthirira madzi ndi madzi otentha kuchokera ku sitiroko kapena supuni - zidzakhala zosavuta kulamulira kuchuluka kwa madzi. Ngati n'kotheka, ndi bwino kugula ulimi wothirira mbeu m'malo amodzi kapena mbampu yapadera ya lutrasil, yomwe imayikidwa mu poto komanso yothira. Motero, chinyezi chimalowa pansi pang'onopang'ono. 
Ndikofunikira! Mizu yazomera imatha kukulira mumatope. Pofuna kuteteza izi kuti zisakwaniritsidwe, zikhoza kutsekedwa ndi zofooka, koma zowonjezera, monga thumba la Chitchaina.
Ndi kukula kwa zomera ndi maonekedwe a masamba, m'pofunika kuti pang'onopang'ono kutsanulira nthaka ndi kudyetsa ndi mchere feteleza. Nthawi yoyamba iyo imatha pa tsiku la 10 mutatha mphukira, yotsiriza - masabata awiri musanadzalemo.
Kukula zomera kumera kamera, musaiwale kuwadyetsa ndi fetereza monga: "Aquarine", "Kalimag", "Plantafol", "Criston", "Kemiroy" ("Fertika"), "Ammophos", "Matimati", " Stimulus ndi Azofoska.Popeza mbewuzo zafesedwa kumapeto kuyambira mwezi wa February mpaka kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April, pamene tsiku lidali lalifupi, mbewu zimasowa kuwala kwina. Zoposa zonse ndi nyali za fulorosenti kapena fitolamps.
Choncho, mbande zopanda makaseti zimakhala zolimba kwambiri kusiyana ndi mabokosi, zimakhazikika mofulumira m'malo atsopano, osadwala, kuyamba kuphuka ndi kubzala mbewu 2-3 milungu isanayambe. Mitundu yomwe imakula m'njirayi imakhala ndi zokolola zambiri ndipo n'zosavuta kusunga.
