Lero pali njira zambiri zolima masamba. Mwamsanga pamene sichikulire: mu njira yachikhalidwe, ndi ngalande, ndi mtunda. Koma pali njira ina yachilendo - mbatata ikukula mu matumba.
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa njirayo
Phindu lodziwika kwambiri ndilo kupulumutsa malo m'munda. Mutha kuyika thumba kumalo alionse ndi kuwala kokwanira. Lolani likhale malo panjira kapena pansi pa nyumba padzuwa: mulimonsemo, tubers adzamva bwino kwambiri.
Njira iyi ndi chipulumutso chenicheni kwa anthu a m'nyengo ya chilimwe, chifukwa mukungofuna kubzala zambiri, koma palibe malo okwanira. Kudyetsa kawirikawiri kwa masambawa kumafuna malo ambiri m'munda, chifukwa ndizomveka kudzala tomato, nkhaka ndi strawberries m'malo mwa mbatata.
Werengani komanso ponena za zenizeni za kukula kwa mbatata: "Luck", "Kiwi", "Irbitsky", "Gala".
Njirayi imathandizanso kuti nyengo ya chilimwe ikhale yogwira ntchito posunga mbatata sichikusowa - onyozani timers ndi nthaka yabwino kwambiri. Namsongole sichidzakula pambali pa mbatata, choncho safunikira kukumba.
Kubzala mbatata mu matumba ndi nthaka kudzateteza masamba ku Colorado mbatata kachilomboka, wireworm ndi phytophtoras, omwe achinyamata tubers amawopa kwambiri kuthengo.
Ngati mbatata ya Colorado mbatata imawonekera pa mbatata, imatha kumenyana ndi njira zamakolo, mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito vinyo wosasa ndi mpiru, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: "Tanrek", "Regent", "Taboo", "Corado", "Calypso", "Confidor" , "Aktofit", "Aktara", "Decis".
Kuzunguza sikuli koopsa kwa masamba awa, chifukwa madzi samatha, ndipo nthaka ikuwotha mokwanira. Kulankhula za ubwino wa njirayi, sikutheka kukumbukira kuti mbatata sizimafunika kukumbidwa: mumangotenga zowonongeka ndi zoyera kuchokera m'nthaka.
Inde, popanda zopanda ungwiro, zomwe zofunikira kwambiri ndizo kuthirira vuto. Mphuno ya chinyezi iyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse ndipo ndi bwino kuchita izi mothandizidwa ndi kuthirira ulimi wothirira. Kuonjezera apo, si nthaka iliyonse yoyenera njira iyi. Kuti mukolole bwino muyenera kugawa masamba ndi mchere (mwachitsanzo, chisakanizo cha humus kapena kompositi).
Mbali za kupeza zokolola zochuluka
Pofuna kubzala mbatata m'matumba, m'pofunika kumvetsetsa msinkhu uliwonse.
Malo oti akule
Chofunikira kwambiri pa malo omwe padzakhala chodekera cha ndiwo zamasamba, ndiko kuyatsa kokwanira. Mukhoza kuika thumba lanu pabwalo lanu padzuwa, pafupi ndi mabedi, kapena ngakhale kulipachika ngati kuli kofunika: ndiwo zamasamba zimakhala zabwino kulikonse.
Mukudziwa? Mbatata zimachokera ku South America. Mbatata zakutchire zikukulirakulira kumeneko, koma anthu ammudzi akhala akukula masamba obirira kunyumba kwa nthawi yaitali.
Kusankhidwa kwa Mphamvu
Mbatata ikhoza kukhala wamkulu pamtundu uliwonse. Mitundu yamapulasitiki iliyonse idzachita. (kuchokera shuga ndi ufa). Pambali ndi pansi muyenera kupanga zochepa zomwe zimapereka mpweya wabwino mkati mwa thanki. Njira ina ndi kugula zitsulo zopangidwa ndi zokonzeka zokhala ndi zamasamba m'minda iliyonse yamaluwa. Tiyenera kudziŵa kuti zida zogulidwa zimakhala ndi zovuta zonyamulira, komanso ma valve omwe angathe kutsegulidwa kuti apeze mpweya.
Kubzala mbatata
Kukula mbatata m'matumba kumafuna chipangizo chapadera chodzala luso. Gawo ili likuyambanso bwino kumapeto kwa mwezi wa April ndi kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May, pamene pali kutentha kwakukulu panja.
Kuthandizira, m'mphepete mwa thumbalo mumatambasula ndipo 10-35 masentimita masentimita okwanira dothi labwino limatsanulira pansi. Zomera zimayikidwa pamwamba (masamba kapena magawo omwe ali ndi maso). Simungathe kusindikiza kuposa mbatata 3-4. Pamwamba muyenera kudzaza ndi wosanjikiza wa nthaka mu masentimita 15 kuti muzitsuka mbewu.
Ndikofunika kuyembekezera kuti zikamera zikamera 10-15 masentimita utali ndi kutsanulira lotsatirako dothi. Sitiyenera kuiwala kumwa madzi nthawi zonse. Choncho, izi ziyenera kubwerezedwa mpaka thumba liri magawo awiri pa atatu aliwonse.
Ndikofunikira! Kuchuluka kwa kubzala sikuyenera kukhala kuposa mita imodzi, chifukwa mwinamwake chomera sichingakhale ndi mphamvu yokwanira kudyetsa onse tubers.
Mmene mungasamalire mbatata m'matumba
Pambuyo pochita zoyenera zomwe tafotokozazi, mbatata amafunika kokha kuthirira. Koma ziyenera kukumbukira kuti kusungunuka kwa chinyontho chochokera mu chidebecho kuli kolimba kwambiri kuposa m'nthaka. Choncho, mbatata iyenera kuthiriridwa mobwerezabwereza komanso mochulukirapo kuposa nthawi zonse. Makamaka ayenera kulipira kuthirira pa nthawi ya maluwa, pamene mazira oyambirira akupangidwa.
Zomwe zinachitikira wamaluwa amalangiza imwani mbatata zambiri m'matumba kotero kuti dothi lonse lapansi linanyowetsedwa. Kawirikawiri, kumwa madzi okwanira komanso kumwa madzi ochulukirapo kumakhala kovuta pamene mukulima ndiwo zamasamba. Ngati simukuiwala za zowonjezera pansi pa thanki, vuto ili silidzawuka.
Pankhani ya zakudya zowonjezera, njira yabwino ingakhale yogwiritsira ntchito fetereza feteleza. Zili ndi phindu phindu ndi kuchuluka kwa mbeu.
Ndikofunikira! Ndi bwino kupewa nitrojeni, chifukwa silingalole kuti tubers zipse msanga ndi kupanga khungu lolimba lomwe limawalola kusunga masamba kwa nthawi yaitali m'tsogolomu.
Kukolola
Ndikofunika kudziwa momwe mungamangire mbatata m'matumba, komanso momwe mungawasonkhanitsire bwino. Ndibwino kuyamba kuyamba kukolola kuyambira theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa August. Zokwanira kutsanulira zomwe zili mu chidebe ndikuchotsa mbatata yatsopano. Ndi mbeu iliyonse yomwe idabzalidwa mukhoza kupeza pafupifupi kilogalamu ya mbeu.
Mukudziwa? Mu 1995, mbatata inayamba kukhala masamba oyamba mumlengalenga.
Kodi mitundu yonse yoyenera kukula m'matumba?
Akatswiri odziwa ntchito amakakamiza kugwiritsira ntchito pobzala mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbatata, yomwe imapereka matope akuluakulu ndipo amadzichepetsa pokhwima m'thumba. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Bellarosa kuchokera ku Germany;
- Sante kuchokera ku Netherlands;
- Svitanok Kiev ndi Slavyanka (zoweta kusankha).
Ndikofunikira! Mbatata yomwe imakula pansi pa thumba nthawi zonse idzakhala yayikulu komanso yokhwima, pamene zipatso zakumtunda zidzakondwera okonda masamba.Monga potsiriza, tikhoza kunena kuti kubzala mbatata m'matumba kuli ndi ubwino wambiri, ndipo njira iyi iyenera kuyesedwa ndi aphunzitsi oyendetsa ntchito. Mukhoza kusunga malo pamabedi, ndipo simukuyenera kulimbana ndi tizirombo ta mbatata. Mbatata m'matumba amafunikira kubzala ndi kusamalira bwino, zomwe mungaphunzire pogwiritsa ntchito vidiyo yotsatirayi.
