Nepentes (dzina lina - dzenje) ndi membala wa banja la Nepente, lomwe liri ndi mitundu pafupifupi 120 ya zomera.
"Cholombo" chimenechi chimakula makamaka kumadera otentha, pazilumbazi.
M'nkhani ino, tikambirana malamulo okhudza duwa nepentes, kupereka chithunzi ndi kufotokozera za mbewu.
Zamkatimu:
- Mmene mungakulire kunyumba
- Malo ndi kuunikira
- Kutentha
- Nthaka
- Kuthirira
- Kutentha kwa mpweya
- Ndikofunika kuwonjezeranso kudyetsa
- Yambani
- Kudulira
- Ndikufuna chisamaliro chapadera m'nyengo yozizira
- Nthawi zambiri ndikufunika kuti ndikasende
- Matenda ndi tizirombo
- Njira zobereketsera zamasamba
- Cuttings
- Kugawa chitsamba
Kulongosola mwachidule
Nepentes ndi shrub kapena semi-shrub mipesa. Chomera ichi chili ndi masamba mitundu iwiri ya masamba: yoyamba - yayikulu ndi yofiira, ndipo yachiwiri-yokhala ngati mthunzi. Mothandizidwa ndi mitundu yachiwiri, duwa limapanga chakudya chake. Msuti ndi pepala lokulumikiza lachitsulo chapadera, lofanana ndi chidebe, mwa mawonekedwe omwe adalandira dzina lake. Nsaluyi imaphatikizidwa ndi matchati kwa masamba wamba. Mitundu yake ndi yosiyana, malingana ndi mtundu wa zomera. Izi ndi mitundu yowala kwambiri: yofiira, yofiira, pinki, yokhala ndi mawanga kapena mawanga ofiira. Mtsinje umatha kutalika kwa 2.5 mpaka 30 cm.
Kum'mwamba kwake kumayang'ana mkati. Pamphepete mwa jug, chifukwa cha maselo ake apadera, timadzi tokoma timatulutsa. Mkati mwake muli wodzaza ndi zakumwa zamadzi kapena madzi. Khosi ili ndi chivindikiro chomwe chimateteza msampha kuchokera ku zinyalala.
Mukudziwa? Kwenikweni, chomera chimadyetsa tizilombo, koma zimachitika kuti mbalame zing'onozing'ono ndi zinyama zimalowa mitsuko.
Mmene mungakulire kunyumba
Nepentes ndi chomera chodyera, ndipo malo ake okhala ndi zosiyana kwambiri ndi zoweta, kotero kukula kwawo kunyumba kuli ndi mavuto ena.
Malo ndi kuunikira
Chomerachi chimasangalatsa kuwala, koma chimasiyana. Malo abwino kwambiri kwa iye adzakhala mawindo a kum'mwera kapena kummawa. Ngati mbiya ikukula pawindo la kumpoto kapena kumadzulo, ndiye kuti likufunika kuunikira kwina. Kuwala kwawunikira kumafunika maola 16.
Kutentha
Mitundu ya mapiri ya nepentes imakhala bwino m'chilimwe pa kutentha kwa pafupifupi 20 ° C, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira pa 15 ° C. Mitengo yamitengo imakonda kutentha m'chilimwe kuyambira 22 ° mpaka 26 ° C, komanso m'nyengo yozizira kuyambira 16 ° mpaka 20 ° C.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati kutentha kuli kochepa kwambiri, ndiye kuti pali choopsya ku moyo wa chomeracho.
Nthaka
Kwa nepentes, mungasankhe nthaka yokonzedwa bwino ya orchids. Koma ndibwino kuti dziko lapansi lizisakaniza nokha. Amafunika gwiritsani ntchito zigawo zija (mu chiŵerengero cha 3: 2: 1) - nthaka yobiriwira, peat, mchenga waukulu. Muzolembedwa izi, yikani moss ndi makala. Nthawi zina, peat (magawo awiri), perlite (magawo awiri), vermiculite (gawo limodzi) amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa gawo lapansi.
Zokonda (zobiriwira) zomera mu chilengedwe, pali mitundu pafupifupi 630 kuchokera m'mabanja 19. Zitsanzo zodziwika za zomera zoterezi ndizomwe zimapangidwira komanso maulendo a Venus ochokera ku banja la Rosyanka, fatfish (Bladderwort), sarracenia (Sarrasenie).
Kuthirira
Nepentes amakonda substrate yamadzikoma salola kulemba madzi. Imwani madziwo ayenera kukhala madzi osungunuka, okonzeka kapena mvula. Kutentha kwake kuyenera kukhala kutentha kapena madigiri angapo apamwamba. Ndikofunika kuthirira duwa m'munsi, pambuyo pake madzi owonjezera ayenera kukhetsa. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, amanyowa nepentes masiku awiri, ndipo pa kutentha pansi pa 16 ° C, kuthirira kuchepetsedwa kufika 1 nthawi pa sabata.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
"Predator" imakula bwino mmalo momwe chinyezi cha mlengalenga chiri 70-90%. Koma makamaka 40-50% ndi okwanira mtengo. Ndi bwino kuyang'ana chomeracho - mwinamwake chikhoza kusintha kumalo omwe nthawi zambiri imakhala mu chipinda. Ngati izi sizikuchitika, nkofunika kufalitsa maluwa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi madzi olekana. Mukhozanso kuika mphika pamatope ndi dothi lonyowa kapena peat.
Ndikofunika kuwonjezeranso kudyetsa
Sikoyenera kudyetsa nthaka. Koma ngati chilimwe kamodzi pamwezi kupanga zovuta zamaluwa feteleza, zomwe zimakhala zofooka katatu kuposa momwe zimalimbikitsira, ndiye sizidzavulaza nepentes.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mutagonjetsa "chilombo" ndi feteleza, sichidzapanga zida.
Pamene mukusamalira nepenthes kunyumba, musaiwale kudyetsa duwa kamodzi pamwezi mwa kuponya ntchentche, kangaude kapena nthenda yamagazi mumtsuko. Sizowonjezera kudyetsa nkhumba zonse, mwinamwake chomeracho chidzafa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni. Bweretsani tizilombo tokha theka la masamba oboola. Mukhozanso kudyetsa maluwa ndi nyama ndi kumata.
Yambani
Chomera chodabwitsa ichi ndi liana, kotero icho chimaimira konzekerani. Ndikofunika kumangiriza nepents ku chithandizo pamene ifika pamtunda wa mamita. Tikulimbikitsidwa kukhazikitsa chithandizo pamene mukupaka maluwa a chaka chimodzi.
Kudulira
Kudulira nepentes kuli bwino kumapeto kwa nyengo yokula. Mitengo yambiri yokha ndiyofunika njirayi. Kudulira ndi kuchotsa mphukira yakale. Chifukwa cha ichi, zomera sizimangobwezeretsanso ndipo zimakhala zowonongeka, komanso zimayamba kukula ndi kufulumira mofulumira.
Chodabwitsa, achibale a kutali kwambiri a nepentes ndi buckwheat, beet, rhubarb, sipinachi, sorelo, amaranth, celosia, cloves, quinoa, lithops. Zonsezi zimakhala mu dongosolo la Clove maluwa.
Ndikufuna chisamaliro chapadera m'nyengo yozizira
Ganizirani momwe mungasamalire nepente m'nyengo yozizira. Panthawiyi, chomera chimayamba nthawi yopumula. Izi zili choncho chifukwa nyengo yathu yachisanu ndi yosiyana ndi nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwa mlengalenga ndi kutentha kumachepetsedwa. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa chomera m'nyengo yozizira, chifukwa alibe mphamvu zokwanira kuti azidya chakudya. Ndiponso, kusiyana pakati pa kutsirira kumafunika kuwonjezeka.
M'nyengo yozizira, maluwa amayamba nthawi zambiri jugs owuma. Kudandaula za izi sikoyenera, chifukwa chomera ichi chimachokera ku masamba akale komanso kutuluka kwa atsopano. Poyambira kasupe, m'pofunika kuyambiranso kumwa madzi okwanira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira yothetsera feteleza, kenaka nepentes adzalowanso.
Nthawi zambiri ndikufunika kuti ndikasende
Kuika kumapangidwa ngati kuli kofunikira: ngati mphika sufanana ndi kukula kwa mizu, kapena nkhungu yaonekera pa gawo lapansi. Thirani nepente m'chaka. Ngati maluwawo ali ndi thanzi labwino, ndiye kuti akungoyendetsa mu mphika waukulu, osayesa kuwononga mizu.
Ngati mukuda nkhawa za maonekedwe a maluwa, ayenera kuchotsedwa ku mbale zakale, kuyeretsa mizu ya gawo lapansi ndikutsuka ndi distillate. Pambuyo pazimenezi, muyenera kumaliza kuziika mwanjira yonse.
Kenaka, muyenera kupopera ndi kuthirira gawo lapansi ndi Topaz kapena Readzole. Pakangotha masabata angapo, mutagwira bwino mizu, imayenera kuisakaniza ndi yankho la "Zircon" ndikutsanulira gawolo pamwamba pake. Ngati kukumbidwa kwachitika bwino, nepentes adzakhala mu mphika watsopano kwa zaka 3-5.
Mukudziwa? Dzina lakuti "Nepentes" linachokera ku nthano zakale zachigiriki. Nepenfa linali dzina la udzu wotsutsa.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Mabala achikasu kapena ofiira nthawi zina amawonekera pa masamba a chomera chachilendo - ichi ndi chizindikiro cha matenda a fungal omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chinyezi. Pochiza nepenthes, m'pofunikira kuchiza ndi fungicides. Chifukwa cha kuwonjezereka, mizu ya mmera imatha kuvunda, masamba akhoza kumira, ndipo tsinde likhoza kukhala lakuda. Maluwawo akhoza kupulumutsidwa mwa kuchotsa ku gawo lapansi ndikudula malo ovunda ndi ziwalo. Zigawo ziyenera kukonzedwa ndi malasha osweka ndi plant nepent.
Masamba achikasu amasonyeza kusowa kwa zakudya, ndipo zofiira zimachokera ku kutentha kwa dzuwa. Ngati duwa limalandira kuwala kochuluka, ndiye kuti mabala a bulauni amawonekera, ndipo chifukwa cha kusowa kwa kuwala, nepentes amachotsedwa ndipo chitukuko chake chimachepa. Kulimbana ndi izi kudzangosamalira chisamaliro cha "nyama".
Mealybug ndi imodzi mwa tizirombo ta nepentes. Pomwe zikuwonekera, nkofunika kusungunula swasu ya thonje mu njira ya soapy, mowa kapena mowa ndikuchotsa tizilombo tizilombo. Ndiye chomeracho chiyenera kuperekedwa kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi ndi nthawi ya masiku 7-10 ndi kukonzekera pogwiritsa ntchito imidacloprid. Aphid ndi chonyamulira cha matenda a tizilombo ndi mabakiteriya. Kwa nepentes matendawa ndi owopsa. Pochotseratu, muyenera kupukuta 20 g wa sopo wobiriwira wa potashi m'madzi okwanira 1 ndikupanga maluwa ndi njirayi. Pa nthawi yomweyo madzi asapu sayenera kulowa mu gawo lapansi. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito sopo yotsukira kapena kutsuka sopo m'malo mwa potashi wobiriwira. Komanso ku nsabwe za m'masamba zidzathetsa mankhwala awa: "Karate", "Antitlin", "Detsis" kapena "Biotlin".
Njira zobereketsera zamasamba
Mu nepente kubereka kumachitika ndi mbewu, mapulani ndi kugawidwa kwa chitsamba. Tiye tikambirane njira za vegetative.
Cuttings
Kudula bwino ndi kudulidwa ndi masamba 3, omwe amadulidwa 2/3. Pa cuttings apical sangathe kudula tsamba lapamwamba. Musanabzala zomera, ayenera kuikidwa mu njira ya "Kornevina" kwa mphindi makumi atatu kenako kenako azipaka mafuta ndi makala osweka.
Chophimba chodzala chiyenera kutsukidwa ndi bleach, ndiye kuti iyenera kutsukidwa ndi distillate. Chomeracho chiyenera kukhala ndi sphagnum, chingwe cha kokonati, peat (2: 3: 5). Ndikofunika kuwonjezera vermiculite pang'ono ndikupanga nthaka mu microwave kwa mphindi 15. The cuttings amamizidwa pansi pa 5 mm ndipo mofatsa amayendetsa pansi mozungulira iwo. Mbali ya pansiyi iyenera kuthiriridwa ndi madzi osungunuka, ndi cuttings enieni amapopera "Fundazol." Pambuyo pake, mphika uli ndi thumba la pulasitiki kapena kapu ya pulasitiki yoonekera. Chomeracho chiyenera kukhala pamalo ozizira kumene kutentha kuli 23 ° C. Pambuyo masiku 14, perekani mabulosiwo ndi kusungunula gawolo ndi yankho la "Zircon".
Ambiri amazika mizu ya cuttings pafupifupi mwezi umodzi kapena theka. Koma pambuyo pa masabata awiri zidzakhala zomveka ngati ayamba: ngati mphukira zatsopano ndi zikho zatulukira, ndiye kuti petioles yatenga mizu, ndipo ngati atadetsedwa - kuyambira kwalephera.
Kugawa chitsamba
Pogawanitsa chitsamba, nepentes amafalitsidwa panthawi yopatsa mbewu Mizu ya "chilombo" ichi ndi yofooka kwambiri, choncho muyenera kuchita mosamala kwambiri. Kufalikira maluwa motere, m'pofunika kuchepetsa mpira wotengera m'madzi otentha kutentha musanagawike - izi zidzathandiza kutsuka bwino mizu ya gawolo ndikupewa kuwonongeka.
Nepentes ndi chomera chimene chidzakongoletsa nyumba yanu ndi kubweretsa zina zosowa. Choncho, mungathe kupirira zovuta za "nyama" ndi kukonza maluwa omwewo m'nyumba yanu.