Gulu la Hedgehog: chirichonse chokhudza zitsamba zosatha

Gulu la hedgehog ndi chomera chonse, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ulimi ndi zojambula zolinga. Grass amapezeka ku North America, Eurasia, North Africa. Amamera pamphepete mwa mitsinje, glades, maulendo osadziwika, roadsides ndi madera ena. Udzu ndi chomera chosasinthika, chokhazikika, chosinthika bwino. Amadziwika kwambiri pa gawo la Ulaya la Russia ndi Caucasus.

Zamkatimu:

• Makhalidwe
• Zizindikiro za kukula
• Mankhwala ndi mankhwala amapangidwa

Malongosoledwe a zomera

Gulu la Hedgehog - chokhalira shrubby herbaceous chomera (chithunzi chili pansipa). Amakonda nyengo yozizira, bwino kwambiri m'madera osakhala akuda.

Mukudziwa? Dzina losavomerezeka la "hedgehog" chomera cholandiridwa chifukwa cha kufanana kwapadera kwa maluwa ake omwe ali ndi singano.

Zomwe zili kunja kwa mbewu:

• ali ndi rhizome yokwawa kakang'ono, imakula m'nthaka kwa kuya kwa masentimita 100;
• kutalika kwa zimayambira kumafikira masentimita 150, m'lifupi - 1.5 mm, yosalala, yophimbidwa, yowonongeka, yopindika pang'ono pamunsi;
• Mbali ya masamba - 5-12 mm, mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira, m'malo mwaukali ndi wowala pamphepete;
• Masamba a masamba amalephera, oblate ndi otsekedwa;
• inflorescence ili ndi mawonekedwe a panicle, omwe amafikira masentimita 15, wandiweyani ndi kufalikira;
• lilime kutalika - mpaka 6 mm, atang'ambika;
• spikelet kutalika - 5-8 mm, 3-5-flowered, oblong mawonekedwe, flattened kumbali;
• Zipatso mu mawonekedwe a mbewu zimakhala zamphongo zitatu ndi oblong;
• 1000 mbewu yolemera - 0.8-1.2 g.

Mapuloteni obiriwira obiriwira amakhala pamwamba pa zimayambira. Maluwa okongola amafanana ndi mawonekedwe a panicle ndi nthambi zazing'ono zazing'ono, akhoza kukhala ndi nsalu zofiirira.

Mphukira kuyambira June mpaka August. Kukolola zipatso kumagwa mu July - September.

Monga timu ya gulu la hedgehog, mbeu zapakhomo zimaphatikizaponso fescue, bedi la udzu, timothy grassland, udzu wa nthenga.

Mitundu ya akazembe ambiri:

• Aschersoniana - ziboliboli zooneka bwino;
• Variegata flava - variegated mitundu ndi masamba achikasu;
• Zosiyanasiyana za variegata - kuyang'ana kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mikanda yoyera kapena golidi oblong.

Makhalidwe

Hedgehog - mbewu yamtengo wapatali. M'chaka chofesa udzu umafika bwino ndipo pa zaka 2-3 zokha amapereka zokolola zabwino.

Zokolola za zomera:

Chomera sichimalola chinyezi, chimagonjetsedwa ndi chilala. Zimakhala zovuta kwa autumn frosts ndi kasupe frosts, madzi ochulukirapo, salola nyengo snowless ndi freezes popanda chipale chofewa.

Ndikofunikira! Hedgehog ili ndi ottavnost yabwino, choncho imatha kubedwa kangapo panthawi. Kukolola kumachitika panthawi yokhala ndi panicles ndipo isanayambe udzu, pambuyo pa udzu kumataya katundu wake wopindulitsa.

Chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa kwake ndi malo osatha, udzu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga udzu ndi kukongoletsa iwo.

Kufotokozera kwakukulu kwa katolika:

Ubwino:

• chomeracho chimafalikira muzosiyana;
• moyo wautali - zaka 6-8;
• imakula bwino pa dothi lachonde ndi lolemera dothi;
• mthunzi wolekerera;
• imakula mpaka yoyamba yolimba frosts;
• Kulimbana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda;
• yogwiritsidwa ntchito pa zamankhwala;
• amagwiritsira ntchito kulimbikitsa otsetsereka ndi mapiri (chifukwa cha mizu yotukuka komanso yolimba).

Kuipa:

• pamene chakudya sichingakhale chopatsa thanzi kuposa mbewu zina;
• imatulutsa zithunzithunzi zapadera m'nthaka (sizinafesedwe pa udzu wolemekezeka, chifukwa ikhoza kuthetsa zomera zina).

Bweretsani kanyumba kachisanu kumapeto kwa nyengo kapena kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Mbande zoyamba zimawoneka masabata 2.5-3 pambuyo pofesa.

Udzu umachulukira:

• Mbeu zomwe zimabzalidwa kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena masika kumakhala masentimita 1-1.5;
• Kusiyana kwa chitsamba. Ndondomekoyi ikuchitika kumapeto kwa nyengo ya masika.

Ndikofunikira! Mbalame ya hedgehogs ingayambitse mungu wofiira, ndiko kuti, kutsekemera kwa mtundu wa mungu. Zizindikiro za matenda: Kuphulika kwakukulu kwa khungu, chifuwa cha kupuma komanso mucous membrane maso.

Zizindikiro za kukula

Ndikofunika kudzala gulu la gulu lachikuta pa malo owuma, ngakhale kuti silingagonjetsedwe ndi dothi lonyowa. Kutulutsa dothi lachonde ndi dothi loamy ndizofunikira kwa mbewu iyi. M'mabampu ndi pafupi nawo, udzu umafa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chinyezi. Amakula msanga atatha kudya kapena kutchera. Kumayambiriro kwa masika, gulu la hedgehog liyenera kudyetsedwa ndi mchere feteleza kuti zikhale bwino ndikukula. Mwachitsanzo, phosphorous-feteleza feteleza zimatsimikizira kuti nthawi yayitali mu heraka ndi kuwonjezereka kwa mbeu.

Zomwe zimapezeka bwino ndi zowonongeka mbeu pa mbeu yake yoyenera ziyenera kukhala makilogalamu 20 pa ha 1. Gawo la chitukuko chonse lidzachitika pa chaka cha 2-3 ndipo lidzasungidwa kumera mpaka zaka 7-10.

Kufesa pa mbewu zapadera ndi mizere pakati pa malo abwino kwambiri, chifukwa kufesa ndi kubzala mbewu kumachitika panthawi yomweyo, kutanthauza kuti iwo ali mu chikhalidwe chomwecho. Chotsatira chake, kumera ndi kumera kwa zomera zidzachitika panthawi imodzi, zomwe zidzachepetse zokolola zoperewera panthawi yokolola ndi kukolola. Kulemera kwachuma kwa mbeu yofesa ndi 10 kg pa 1 ha. Kusonkhanitsa mbewu kumapezeka chaka chachiwiri cha kulima. M'chaka choyamba cha kufesa, m'pofunika kumasula kawiri kawiri, kuveketsa ndi manja. M'zaka zotsatira, kumasulidwa kumachitika masika ndi autumn, komanso alumali la namsongole. Manyowa okwanira amapanga chaka chachitatu.

Mukudziwa? Gulu la gulu la hedgehog linasamalidwa ndipo linayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malimi kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu.

Mankhwala ndi mankhwala amapangidwa

Nkhumba imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala otsutsana ndi poizoni, imathandiza kuti ntchito ya m'mimba ikhale yogwira ntchito.

Phunzirani za machiritso a zomera zotchedwa herbaceous monga gravilat, chowawa chowawa, kubzala nthula, catnip, goldenrod, snyt, mbalame zam'mlengalenga.

Mitengo ya nkhumba imatha kuyambitsa matendawa, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kufufuza ndi kuchiza matendawa.

Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu a hedgehogs zili ndi:

• magnesium (imapangitsa kuti thupi limapangidwanso, limayambitsa mapangidwe a mapuloteni, amachepetsa chisangalalo m'maselo a mitsempha ndi kuyambiranso ntchito ya minofu ya mtima);
• sodium (imakhala ndi madzi okwanira mu thupi);
• mkuwa (amawononga mafuta ndi chakudya);
• chitsulo (chimateteza mabakiteriya, chimapanga chitetezo cha mthupi);
• Carotene (imateteza maselo ku mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya, imathandiza maso, imalimbitsa mafupa, imateteza tsitsi kumaso ndi misomali yopweteka);
• iodini (imakhudza kukula, matenda a ubongo ndipo imayambitsa ntchito yeniyeni ya chithokomiro);
• potaziyamu (amapereka ubongo ndi oxygen, imachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, imapangitsa mtima kukhala wokwanira);
• ma manganese (amachiza mabala, amathandizira metabolism yoyenera ya shuga, insulini ndi cholesterol);
• Mavitamini: B1 (amateteza maselo a m'thupi kuchokera ku zowononga, amalowa m'thupi mwa mafuta, mafuta ndi mapuloteni), B2 (amachititsa kuti thupi likhale lopanda mphamvu), B3 (yowonjezera mapuloteni ndi mafuta), B4 (imalamulira insulini, imawonjezera kukumbukira), B5 ( kumalimbikitsa kupatsirana kwa ma antibodies, kuchiza mabala), D (zofunikira kukula), E (kubwezeretsa matupi, kumathandiza kuti magazi aziyenda bwino).

Gulu la hedgehog ndi mbeu yamtengo wapatali, imapatsa chakudya chobiriwira kawiri pachaka, mu kugwa ndi masika, imakhala ndi zakudya zambiri nthawi yoyamba. Ubwino ndikuti chomera chosatha, pafupifupi paliponse chimakula, chimakhala ndi mizu yabwino.

Zokonzedweratu zomwe zimakonzedweratu zimapindula poyang'ana zofunikira zofesa ndi feteleza pa 1 sq. Km. m