Kodi ubwino wodzala mbeu za phwetekere ndi makapu osiyana ndi momwe mungamere mbande zotere?

Gawo lapadera la kukonzekera kulima mbande ku phwetekere mbewu imayamba mochedwa yozizira - oyambirira kasupe.

Pa nthawi imeneyi amateur kapena akatswiri wamaluwa adagula kapena kukonzekera dothi, mbewu, ndi zipangizo zoyendera magetsi.

Zomwe zimapindulitsa kwambiri komanso zowoneka bwino kuti zipeze tomato, mwazinthu zambiri, ndiko kulima mbande mu makapu.

Chofunika cha njirayo

Nthanga za phwetekere zimabzalidwa m'matumba ang'onoang'ono osungunuka.. Mbande zidzakhala mwa iwo mpaka mutabzala momasuka pansi. Malinga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi, sizitsuka mbande.

Maluso

• Kupeza mpweya wabwino kwa mizu ya mbande.
• Kuchepetsa zotsatira zolakwika za madzi okwanira kwambiri.
• Palibe kulowetsa mizu ya zomera zoyandikana nawo. Kupatukana kwa mizu yosakanikirana ikabzala pamalo otseguka kumayambitsa kuvulaza mizu.
• Kukhoza kukula kwa mbande popanda kupatsirana kwina (kubwerera) mu chidebe chachikulu.
• Ngati matenda a mizu ya chomera chimodzi, matendawa sali kufalikira kwa ena, zotsatira zake ndi zochepa ku galasi.

Kuipa

• Kufunika koti pitirizani kuyang'anitsitsa malo okwanira dothi (pa nkhani ya peat containers).
• Pali zipangizo zochepa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga makapu (mapepala apamwamba kwambiri, omwe, akawamasulidwa kumalo otseguka, amalepheretsa kupeza chinyezi ndi zakudya ku mizu).

Ngati zaka khumi zoyambirira za mwezi wa May zikudziwika ndi kutentha kwakukulu, muyenera kubwerera masiku 65-70 apitawo pa kalendala - iyi idzakhala nthawi yoyenera yobzala mbeu pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi.

Kodi kukula ndi mtundu wake ziyenera kukhala chidebe chotani?

Ntchito yogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga tomato makapu a peat moss (peat moss amapereka chitetezo cha mizu ku kuvunda). Mbewu ya phwetekere yabzalidwa yotseguka pansi ndi galasi.

Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zida zopangidwa nokha. Chosavuta kwambiri - makapu apulasitiki. Mlingo woyenera kwambiri ndi 500ml, izi sizidzalola kuti asatenge, pogwiritsa ntchito makapu okhala ndi 100 ml, tomato wakula mpaka mapepala 2-3 akuwonekera. Mutha kudulira voliyumu yofunikila ndi botolo la pulasitiki, yoyenera makatoni a mkaka.

Matenda akuluakulu pogwiritsira ntchito pulasitiki kapena zida zina zopangidwa bwino: mabowo ayenera kupangidwa pansi kuti asamamwe madzi ambiri atatha kuthirira zomera. Mukamafika mumera zimatengedwa ndi nthaka kuchokera kumagalasi.

Mbewu yokonzekera mbewu

• Kukana.
• Disinfection.

Pafupifupi tsiku limodzi musanabzala mbewu, iwo amakanidwa. Izi ndizofunikira ngati mbeu yomwe idatengedwa zaka 3-4 zapitazo idzagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pokhapokha ngati mbewu zokonzedwera kubzala zimakhala zatsopano, ndondomeko yolemba ndiyi yokha.

1. Pogwiritsa ntchito mbeu zapamwamba zimayenera kutsanulira theka la madzi, kuthira mmenemo ndikusungunula supuni ya tiyi ya mchere.
2. Thirani nyembazo muyeso ndikuzisiya kwa mphindi 10.
3. Mbeu zowonongeka zomwe sizinapereke sizingapereke, zimatayidwa bwinobwino.
4. Mbewu yotsala imatsukidwa mchere, imabzalidwa mumapiko mu njira ziwiri: kutupa kapena kouma.

Ponena za njira zabwino kwambiri, maganizo a wamaluwa amasiyana. Popeza mbeuyo idzayamba kumera bwino, mukhoza kuwakhama.

Pofuna kubzala mbewu musanadzalemo, amathiridwa pa mbale ndi nsalu yosakanizidwa ndi madzi, yokutidwa ndi chivindikiro choonekera ndikukhala maola 24.

Kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo timayamwitsa ndi manganese. Makristasi 1-2 amasungunuka m'madzi kutentha kuti madzi asakhale a mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndipo mbewu zimalowetsedwamo kwa mphindi khumi ndi zisanu.

Kusankha dothi la tomato

Mukasankha nthaka m'sitolo, onetsetsani kuti mumamvetsera phosphorous, nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu yomwe ikupezeka mu 400 mg / l. Apo ayi, chakudya cha phwetekere sichikwanira.

Nthaka ikhoza kukonzekera kunyumba. Pochita izi, sakanizani 70 peresenti ya nthaka, 15% ya mchenga, phulusa wabwino, peat (sawdust), 15% ya humus.

Pochotsa zotsatira za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zomwe zili pansi pa mbande, dothi limatetezedwa motetezedwa: Kutenthedwa mu uvuni kutentha kwa mphindi 60 kapena kutsanulira ndi madzi otentha. Pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi, nthaka imathiririranso ndi kusungidwa masiku 14. musanagwiritse ntchito kutentha.

Momwe mungabzalitsire mbewu?

• Kudzaza nthaka m'makonzedwe okonzedwa, pang'ono kuti mukanike. Voliyumu yomwe iyenera kuchitapo nthaka - 2/3 ya mulingo wa galasi.
• Kuthirira
• Kugawidwa kwa mbeu mu thanki (2-4 zidutswa / chikho):
  1. kuthira nthaka 1-1.5 cm pa mbewu, kutsanulira;
  2. onetsetsani zitsulozo ndi mbeu za polyethylene kuti zisunge chinyezi;
  3. Pamene majeremusi amaoneka, sungani makapu kumalo abwino. Kuwala sikuthandiza kwambiri mbeu isanayambe kumera.

Kodi kukula mbande?

• Pamene mphukira zoyamba zikuwonekera, nkofunikira kupereka pangТono kakang'ono kotsekemera.
• Palibe zofunikira zenizeni pa ulimi wothirira, dothi liyenera kukhala lopanda madzi, ndipo limamera nthawi zonse.
• Tsiku lililonse, ndizofunika kutembenuza mbande kuwala kwa dzuwa kumbali inayo kuti mbeu zisapotoke.
• Poika nyengo yozizira, mphukira zazing'ono ziyenera kuphunzitsidwa ndi kutentha kwa malo otseguka: poyamba sungani makapu ndi mapiritsi kwa mphindi 10-15 pa khonde, pang'onopang'ono ikuwonjezereka nthawi ino.
• Kamodzi pa milungu iwiri iliyonse, feteleza imaphatikizidwa ku makapu ndi mbande: urea, potaziyamu mchere ndi Superphosphate zimasakaniza mu madzi okwanira 1 litre (0.5 g, 1.5 g, 4 g, motsatira). Nthawi yachiwiri imalumikizidwa ndi kusakaniza: 4 g wa Superphosphate, 0,6 g ya ammonium nitrate ndi 2 g ya sulfate ya potaziyamu imaphatikizidwa ku lita imodzi ya madzi. Zakudya zachitatu zimadya urea.

Njira yakukula tomato mu makapu kwambiri amapulumutsa nthawi kukula mbande; Ndi yabwino komanso yosavuta, choncho ndi yabwino kwa iwo amene ayamba kumvetsa za mbeu. Pokumbukira malamulo omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa ndi mgwirizano wozama ndi chomera, mbewu idzakondweretsa ndi kuchuluka ndi kulawa.