Kuwona nkhumba m'mapulasi a ku Ukraine ndi tsitsi lokongola la tsitsi lofiira ngati nkhosa - mwayi wosawoneka. Sitikudziwa pang'ono za nkhumba zosawerengeka zomwe zakhala zikugonjetsa dziko lonse la Ulaya. Nchiyani chomwe chinakopa alimi a Hungarian mangalica a mayiko omwe amapita patsogolo, kodi ndi zinthu ziti ndi zovuta, momwe angakwezere nkhumba - Tidzakambirana za zonsezi mtsogolomu, mumapezekanso zithunzi za nkhumba zoyendetsera nkhumba ndi ndondomeko za akatswiri awo.
Mbiri yobereka
Chidwi chodabwitsa chimenechi chikhoza kusamalidwa bwino ngati chimodzi mwazosazolowereka. Tsitsi lalitali, lofanana ndi astrakhan, silingaleke kukonda nkhumba nkhumba "kukongola." Ali patali iwo amasokonezeka mosavuta ndi gulu la nkhosa, mwinamwake, nkhumbazo zinali ndi dzina lofanana ndi "nkhumba za nkhosa". 
Mukudziwa? Nkhumba zonse, mosasamala mtundu, zimakhala ndi fungo labwino kwambiri. Anthu a ku Ulaya kawirikawiri amagwiritsa ntchito mphatsoyi kufunafuna truffles zokoma zobisala pansi. Bowa wotere m'misika ya Paris imakhala ndi ndalama zokwana 600 euro. Ng'ombe za nkhumba zisanatumikire apolisi chifukwa chowombera mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Zonsezi zinayambira ndi 1833 kutali, pamene, pa malamulo a Hungary Archduke Joseph, mayesero anapangidwa nkhumba zakutchire ndi zakutchire. Kuyesera kunali kupambana. Mbalamezi zimakhala zozizira kwambiri chifukwa chozizira kwambiri, zinkatetezeka kwambiri ndipo zimasamalira chakudya chake.
Mitundu yatsopano imakonda nyumba za amonke. M'kupita kwanthawi, chidwichi chatsopano chikukula. Nthaŵi zambiri m'nkhalango zowonongeka ndi nkhalango za ku Hungary wina amatha kuona gulu lonse la ma ward.
Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za zana, kufunikira kwa anthu a mtundu wa mangalican anadutsa malire a dzikoli. Amwini amayiko akulu anali ndi phindu lalikulu kwa nkhumba kusiyana ndi kudula mitengo ndi chimanga. 
Cha m'ma 1900, mtundu uwu unaphunzira anthu a ku Ukraine Transcarpathiakumene ziweto zinabweretsedwa ndi anthu a ku Hungary. Iwo ankawombera zinyama zokhazokha, kuzidyetsa m'nkhalango ndi m'zigwa. Patangopita nthawi pang'ono, a mangalica a Hungary anabwera ku Britain. Koma popeza alimi a m'deralo anasintha kuchoka ku mafuta kupita ku nyama, kubzala kwake sikungapindule.
Mukudziwa? M'dziko la Hungary mangalitsa, ziweto zake zinakula chaka chilichonse. Ngati mchaka cha 1920 chiwerengero cha anthu zikwi ziwiri zokha, ndiye mu 1943 chiwerengero ichi chawonjezeka kufika 30,000.
Posakhalitsa nkhumba za nyama zinathamangitsa mangola kunja kwa msika waulimi. Chiwerengero cha nkhumba m'mapulasi chinagwa mofulumira ndipo ambiri sanafike pofika mazana asanu ndi awiri. Ngati alimi sanazidziwe pakapita nthawi, mtunduwu ukanakhala wosazindikira. 
Kupulumutsira ziweto kunayambika potsata ndondomeko ya odyetsa nkhumba ku Hungary mu 1994. Kenaka National Association of Nguruwe inalengedwa. Patapita nthaŵi, lingalirolo linatengedwa ndi kampani ya ku Britain "Big Paradise" ndi alimi ochokera ku United States of America. Lero, nkhumba zofiirira padziko lonse lapansi, ziripo Anthu 7,000.
Tsatanetsatane wamabambo
N'zosatheka kusokoneza mangalitsa a Hungary ndi mtundu wina wa nkhumba. Zithunzi zamakono izi zimakhala ndi zosiyana zambiri.
Chinthu choyamba chimene chimakugunda iwe - izi ndizo ubweya wautali wambirizomwe zimakwirira thupi lonse komanso makutu. Koma, ngati mutasunga zinyama m'chipinda chofunda ndikudyetsa bwino, tsitsi la nkhosa limatuluka. Ndichilengedwe kuteteza chimfine ndi tizilombo. Chifukwa cha malaya amoto ngati amenewa, nyama zimatha kusungidwa kunja kwa chaka chonse.
Ndikofunikira! Nkhumba zazing'ono zimapereka ana 5-6. Farrow oposa 9 afunseni umboni wa magazi osayera a makolo.
Chinthu chachiwiri chofunika kwambiri pa kufotokozera kwa Hungary ndi mangalica mtundu amatchula malo amdima pansi pamunsi mwa makutu. Chizindikiro pakati pa alimi amatchedwa "malo a Wellman." Ikhoza kukula mosiyanasiyana kuchokera pa 3 mpaka 5 cm ndipo ndi chizindikiro chotsimikizika cha anthu oyandikana nawo. Izi zimasonyezanso ndi khungu lakuda pozungulira maso, nkhanza, ziboda, nkhono komanso mkati mwa mchira. 
Oimira dziko la Hungary ali ndi mphamvu, koma mafupa ofunika, ali ndi thupi ndi mutu wa sing'anga. Makutu awo amatsogoleredwa, ndipo mbiriyo imakhala yokhota pang'ono.
Mitunduyi imayikidwa monga gulu la mafuta. Nkhumba zazikulu zimalemera makilogalamu 300, ndipo oposa theka amapeza miyezi 12 yoyamba ya mafuta. Panthawiyi akazi amakula. Zolemera zawo pachaka ndi makilogalamu 160 ndi kuwonjezeka kwa pafupifupi 75 cm.
A Hungarian piglets amasiyanasiyana ndi makolo achilengedwe ndi mtendere wawo bwino. Iwo adalandira chipiriro ndikutha kuloweza pamtima njira. Ofesa amakhala ndi chilengedwe chabwino komanso amateteza ana awo, amawatentha m'nyengo yozizira.
Ndikofunikira! Mngalawa wa ku Salo Hungarian ndi wokoma mtima. Choyamba, chiri ndi pang'ono cholesterol, ndi zina zambiri zowonjezera ndi zowonjezereka bwino zomwe zimapezeka muzolembedwa. Chachiwiri, mankhwalawa amathamanga mofulumira m'thupi. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi nyama. Amtengo wapatali m'thupi losakaniza la mafuta omwe amatha kusungunuka pokonza kuphika, kupereka mbale yapadera. Kuchokera ngati nyama zouma nyama yankhumba zambiri zokoma komanso zodziwika kuzungulira dziko lapansi zimatuluka.
Mitundu ya mtundu ndi mtundu wa mtundu
Poyambirira, panthawi ya "maulendo" a mitundu yosiyanasiyana m'mapulasi a ku Ulaya, nkhumba zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimakhutiritsa kukoma konse. Zina mwa izo zinali zoyera, imvi, zakuda, imvi-bulauni, zofiira, kusuta ndi kuwala kwabulu ndi ena ambiri. Koma lero, pa zosiyana zonsezi, pali zokha 4 subspecies:
- White Ndilo mtundu wotchuka kwambiri wa mangalitz wamakono wa Hungary. Pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya chiwerengero cha anthu oterowo.
- Mdima Tsoka ilo, lero anthu omwe ali ndi tsitsi ngatilo ndi osowa kwambiri. Akatswiri ena amanena kuti utoto watha kale.
- Ofiira (nthawi zina amatchedwa wofiira). Komanso pafupi kutha.
- "Swallow" (kapena mtundu wosakanizika). Nkhumba za subspecies zimadziwika ndi nsana yakuda, kupuma ndi kumbuyo kwa makutu, mimba yoyera ndi miyendo.
Mphamvu ndi zofooka
Poganizira ndemanga za obereketsa ziweto, mtundu wa nkhumba wa Hungary ndi mangalica umakhala ndi makhalidwe abwino komanso oipa. Tidzatha kumvetsetsa tsatanetsatane wa mawonekedwewa.
Mukudziwa? Asayansi amakhulupirira kuti nkhumba zimaphunzitsidwa mosavuta, zimamvetsa bwino zolankhula za anthu ndipo zimatha kumvetsa chisoni. Chitsanzo cha kuyesera ndi nkhumba yaing'ono Maurice, yemwe ali ndi mutu wapamwamba kwambiri wa nkhumba. Masekondi 52 ndi okwanira kuti aike puzzles pamodzi.
Zotsatira
Ubwino waukulu wa mtunduwu ndi:
- Zopindulitsa zachuma pakusunga zinyama (zimadyetsa msipu ndipo sizikusowa zofunikira za kuswana);
- ng'ombe;
- ubwino wa mafuta a nyama ndi nyama, zomwe, malinga ndi mayiko apadziko lonse, zimaonedwa kuti ndi zokoma;
- kutetezeka kwa majeremusi kwa nkhumba;
- kupirira kochepa;
- kupindula kwakukulu.
Wotsutsa
Zikuwoneka kuti aliyense akulota nkhumba zotere: amawoneka kuti ali pamenepo, koma palibe mavuto nawo - phindu lokha. Komabe, pamodzi ndi nthawi zabwino zobereka izi, zoipa:
- kuvutika kupeza makolo osamalitsa kuti abereke ana;
- Zokhudzana ndi magawo awiriwa amafuna msipu waukulu ndi chakudya chapamwamba;
- Chifukwa chakuti zofuna zimaposa kuperekedwa, mtengo wa nkhumba za pedigree sizimapezeka kwa ogulitsa ambiri;
- zokolola zochepa zazimayi (izi ndizofunikira kwa nkhumba zonse).
Werengani za mitundu ina ya nkhumba: Duroc, Mirgorod, lamba wofiira, woyera woyera, Vietnamese vislobryusha.
Momwe mungasankhire nkhumba mukamagula
Ngati mwasankha kupeza mangalica wachinyamata wa ku Hungary, pita kugula osati pamsika kapena pa intaneti, koma pa minda yokhala ndi mbiri yabwino. Pambuyo pake, munthu sayenera kuyembekezera ku mongrel piglets pamwamba pa kupirira kutchulidwa ndi kusintha kwa zikhalidwe zilizonse zende. Konzekerani kuti kufufuza katundu wabwino kungatenge nthawi yochuluka, chifukwa mtunduwu umatengedwa kuti ndi wosasangalatsa. 
Kuti mupewe kukhala ogwidwa ndi ogulitsa osalungama, kumbukirani zizindikiro zazikulu zazikulu:
- "Tsamba la Wellman" kumutu;
- khungu lakuda kuzungulira maso, nkhono, pa nkhanza, ziboda ndi mkati mwa mchira;
- chovala choyera choyera, chofiira, chakuda kapena "kumeza";
- Mzere wam'mbuyo, womwe uli chobadwa chochokera kwa makolo akale.
Ndikofunikira! Mukagula, samalirani momwe nkhumba imadyera. Ngati atenga chakudya chilichonse choperekedwa kwa iye - nyama yotereyo ikhoza kutengedwa. Ngati imayamwa chakudya, muyenera kuyang'ana wina.
Mitundu ya hafu ikhoza kuwonedwa nthawi yomweyo ndi khalidwe labwino. Amakhalanso olemera kwambiri, odyera zakudya komanso amakhala ndi nyama zovuta.
Gulani nkhumba zimayenera banja. Ali m'kampani amasangalala, amadya bwino ndipo, motero, amakula mofulumira. Yesani mosamala nyama zomwe mumakonda. Iwo, kuphatikiza pa chilakolako chabwino, ayenera kukhala ndi maonekedwe abwino. Sankhani wachinyamata ndi sternum ndi kubwerera mmbuyo, kuwala kowala, ngakhale miyendo yolimba, mchira "wamagetsi" wamtambo, maso ndi makutu oyera. 
Anthu odwala nthawi zonse amawamasewera komanso amakhala otanganidwa. Mukawagwira m'manja, amayamba kufuula mokweza. Mawu osalankhula ndi opusa, kapena kusowa kwake, akuwonetseratu za thanzi labwino komanso zofooka zaumunthu.
Ndikofunikira! Osagula kugula nkhumba zambiri. Kuzunguliridwa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana kumawonetseratu kukonzekera kugulitsa, komwe kunkachitidwa ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse nyama ndi mkaka wokoma. Anthu oterewa amawonongeka kwambiri, amakonda maswiti ndipo, mutangotumiza ku msipu, amalephera kulemera.
Zinthu zomwe zilipo
Zimanenedwa kuti ma mangalic a Chihungari alibe chidwi ndi zonse zomwe adzakule. Chakudya ndi malo ogona adzipeza okha. Ndipo china chirichonse - zinthu zazing'ono. Koma abambo osamalira amasunga ng'ombe muzipeni zapadera ndi malo odyetserako ziweto.
Kuti mupeze gulu la nkhumba zofiirira, muyenera kusamalira nkhumba zazikulu komanso zapamwamba. Ndi zofunika kutetezera ku nyama zakutchire ndi agalu. Izi zikhoza kukhala udzu wamunda kapena munda wofesedwa.
Pakatikati, onetsetsani kuti mukukonzekera kumapeto kwa dzuwa, kumene nyama zingabise ku dzuwa lotentha ndi nyengo yoipa.
Ndifunikanso kumanga nkhuni yotentha m'nyengo yozizira. Ngakhale kulimbika ndi kukhala wathanzi wa zinyama, nyengo yozizira mu khola la udzu idzakhala yabwino kwa iwo mu chipinda chabwino. Ndipotu, zinthu zoipa zidzakhudza zokolola za gululi. Mu khola ayenera kukhala nthawi yowonjezera madzi atsopano. 
Kodi mukufunikira chisamaliro chotani
Otsatsawo amati Hungarian magnitzitz imapangidwa kwa aulesi, chifukwa nyama zofiira, mosiyana ndi mitundu ya nkhumba, sizimasowa. Ndikofunika kuti pali udzu, masamba, zipatso, acorns ndi madzi ambiri.
Mukudziwa? Big Bill wotchuka kuchokera ku Texas inalowa mbiriyakale ya padziko lonse ya kubala nkhumba. Boar wazaka zinayi anali ndi nthiti za mitundu ya Chipolishi ndi Chitchaina. Ndi kukula kwa 1.52 masentimita, kulemera kwake kunali 1,153 kg, ndipo kutalika kwake kunali 2.74 cm. Bill atamwalira, palibe mlimi wokhoza kukula.
Akatswiri omwe ali m'munda wa zinyama zaulimi akulangizani kuti asayesetse nyama kuti azilimbitsa komanso kuti azisamalira mofanana ndi ziweto zina. Kusamalira nkhumba zowonongeka kumachepetsedwa ku msipu wawo wa tsiku ndi tsiku, zolembera zolembera ndi kusintha zogona. Musaiwale kuti nkhumbazo ndizokhazikika ndipo sizikusowa kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse. Onetsetsani kuti ali ndi udzu ndi madzi, koma musawasokoneze.
Kusamalira shaggy kumapangitsa kuti mavitamini awo azikana matenda a nkhumba. Izi nkhumba siziyenera kuti katemera ndi kupatsidwa ma antibayotiki. Iwo samadwala. Azimayi am'mawa amakumbukira za kufunikira kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kuti awononge achinyamata ndi achikulire ku nsabwe ndi mphutsi.
Pezani zomwe mungachite ngati matope anu ali ndi zizindikiro za matenda: mliri waku Africa, parakeratosis, pasteurellosis.
Nkhumba zing'onozing'ono zitabereka, ndizofunikira kuchoka ku canines, kuti zisamalume nkhumba panthawi yodyetsa. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nkhumba nthawi yake n'kofunikanso.
Ndikofunikira! Tsiku lililonse mangalica ikulemera pounds.
Momwe mungadyetse
Mtundu umenewu ndi wovuta kwambiri kuti mafunso okhudza momwe angadyetsere nkhuku ya Hungary ndi momwe angadyetsere okha. Nkhumba Zofiira omnivores. Sadzasiya kudya zakudya zamasamba ndi zinyama, katundu wawo wogulitsidwa, zonyansa.
M'nyengo yozizira, amphaka amadya mbewu zakuda, acorns, chestnuts, udzu, sliced mapesi a chimanga, mafupa, tirigu, tirigu ndi offal. Musamapatse ana apakati ndi zakudya zabwino, ngati sakadyanso bwino ndipo amafunika zakudya zabwino.
M'nyengo ya chilimwe, nkhumba zimapatsidwa udzu (udzu, munda wamsongole, mankhwala ndi zina zilizonse), zipatso zamatabwa, duckweed, mphukira, makungwa ndi mizu ya mitengo yosiyanasiyana (makamaka mitengo ya oak imakonda), mbatata, chimanga, kaloti, beets, sikwashi. 
Kulera
Ofesa atathamangitsidwa saloledwa kuti ayende ndikusungidwa ndi nkhumba cholembera chatsekedwa. Ndikofunika kuti mpaka zaka za pakati pa miyezi umodzi ndi theka, ana aang'ono pamodzi ndi mkaka wa amayi adzalandire mavitamini onse oyenera ndikuwunika zinthu. Choncho, chidwi chenicheni chimaperekedwa kwa zakudya za chiberekero.
Mukudziwa? Mitundu yakale kwambiri ya nkhumba padziko lapansi ndi mitundu ya Chinese Meishan. Nkhani yake inayamba pafupifupi zaka 400 zapitazo. Anthu osowa nsomba amadziwika ndi kukula kwawo kwakukulu, mtundu wakuda wakuda, makutu aatali kwambiri, ndi mutu wofupika.
Ena amawononga kugula chakudya. Ena amagwirana ntchito yawo yophika. Chofunika ichi: udzu kapena chakudya chopatsa thanzi (70%), mutu (15%), chimanga (20%), tirigu ndi chimanga (10%), choko kapena nyama ndi fupa (1%), balere (40%) ndi premix kwa nkhumba (1%).
Dyetsani nsomba zing'onozing'ono zingakhale sabata pambuyo pobadwa. Njira yabwino kwambiri kwa iwo ndi yokazinga yophika kapena balere. Pofuna kulimbitsa mafupa, ndi bwino kupatsa mafupa, choko kapena dothi wofiira kwa nkhumba. Mulimonsemo musaloledwe kudyetsa chakudya cha amayi kumalo odyetsera ana. Zadzala ndi kutsekula m'mimba, malaise, kukhwima komanso imfa. 
Mwezi wa nkhumba chakudya choyamba chodyetsa pamodzi ndi kuwonjezera kwa mizu mbewu, udzu kapena zitsamba zouma. Pa msinkhu uwu, iwo amatha kuyamitsidwa kale kuti afesedwe kugulitsa.
Ngati mukufuna kudzisamalira nokha, panthawiyi, mukhoza kuphunzitsa ana kuti azitha. Pakafika miyezi inayi, nkhumba zimapatsidwa chakudya kuchokera ku ma kerekere (3%), choko (5%), premix (1%), bran (10%), tirigu (29%), balere (29%) ndi chimanga (30%).
Ndikofunikira! Nkhumba zomwe zimadyetsa ng'ombe, idyetsa chakudya kawiri pa tsiku. Kuwanyamulira kwa iwo kumadzaza ndi imfa.
Anthu achikulire sali ochepa pa chisankho. Chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti tsiku lililonse chakudya cha mangalits chiyenera kukhala pafupifupi 70 peresenti ya mbewu zobiriwira, 20% ya chestnuts ndi acorns, 10% ya zakudya zosakaniza.
Monga mukuonera, kulima kwa Mangalitsa ku Hungary sikufuna ndalama, chifukwa ndi bizinesi yopindulitsa kwambiri. Masiku ano, zofuna za anthu a mtundu uwu zikukula kachiwiri.
