Iris ndi maluwa okongola komanso okongola kwambiri. Kutembenuzidwa kuchokera ku Chigriki "iris" kumatanthauza "utawaleza" - ndi momwe kale maluwawa ankatchulidwira mosiyanasiyana (kuwerengetsera mitundu ya zomera mpaka 700 mpaka 800), mawonekedwe oyambirira ndi mtundu wobiriwira.
Kufotokozera
Iris ndi chomera chokhazikika cha rhizomatous. Mzu wa duwa uli pamtunda wozama, ndipo mu bearded irises umatuluka. Kutalika kwa tsinde kungakhale kosiyana kwambiri: masentimita 15 - tsinde la iris lamtengo wapatali, masentimita 200 - tsinde la iris mars.
Mukudziwa? Mpaka theka lachiwiri la zaka za m'ma 1900 ku Russia, irises adali ndi dzina losiyana - "iris". Ndipo ku Ukraine iwo adatchedwanso "makoko".
Chiwerengero cha nthambi za peduncle chimadalira mtundu wa zomera ndi zosiyanasiyana. Maluwawo amadziŵika ndi maonekedwe awo apadera komanso okoma mtima. Maluwawo ali ndi makilogalamu 6: 3 mkatikati mwazi zimatambasula mmwamba kuti apange dome, ndipo zidutswa zitatu zakunja zimagwera pansi. 
Iris petals alipo kotero kuti muwerenge aliyense mwa iwo mwatsatanetsatane. Chinthu chosiyana ndi mitundu ya ndevu ya chomera ichi ndi kukhalapo kofewa, kutuluka kwapansi kumbali yakunja, yomwe imaoneka ngati ndevu - choncho maluwa amenewa amatenga dzina lake.
Mitundu yotchuka
Mitundu yambiri ya bearded irises nthawi zambiri imagawidwa m'magulu omwe amalingalira kutalika kwa peduncle.
Pali magulu otere a munda wa irises:
Mitundu yambiri ya iris bearded imaperekedwa ndi zithunzi ndi ndondomeko. Small iwar amasiye otsika kwambiri, kutalika kwake sikupitirira chizindikiro cha 37 cm. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza malowa, popeza sakufuna kuti asamalire ndikukula mofulumira:
- "Amsterdam" - Mukhale ndi maluwa a mtundu wa golide wonyezimira ndi bulauni. Yambani pachimake mu April ndi kutha mu Meyi. Kalasi ya "Amsterdam" imayang'ana bwino m'munda wamphepete kapena imadutsa m'malire.
- "Nain Lives" - zamkati zamkati zili ndi chikasu chachikasu, ndipo zakunja zimakhala zofiira mu mtundu wofiira ndi burgundy palette osakaniza ndipo ali ndi malire oyera komanso oyera. Pansi pa mapepala akunja ndi malo a golide ndipo pali mtundu wa mazira oyera. Iwo ali ndi fungo lokoma kwambiri.
Miyendo yayitali yamkati irises kufika kutalika kwa masentimita 70. Iwo amafesedwa m'mphepete mwa malire, amawonekeranso kumalo okwera:
- "Batik" - Mukhale ndi maluwa a mtundu wofiirira ndi kuphatikiza mitsempha yambiri ya mitsempha. Kukula kwake kwa maluwa kumadutsa masentimita 15. Iwo ali ndi fungo lokoma. Mitundu yosiyana ndi yosagwirizana ndi nyengo zosiyanasiyana, matenda ndi tizirombo.
- "Arctic Age" - chipale chofewa chofewa chokhala ndi phala. Zangwiro chifukwa chopanga munda wa monochrome.
- "Oregon Skye" - duwa lopaka-buluu mtundu, wavy petals ndi vanila zonunkhira.
Mitundu yambiri ya bearded irises imatengedwa ngati zomera, kutalika kwake komwe kumasiyana pakati pa 80-120 masentimita:
- "Burgomaster" - maluwawo ndi ofanana kukula, lalanje-violet mitundu imakhala pamphepete mwa pakhomo, ndipo malowa ali ndi mdima wonyezimira wambiri. Zovala zamkati zimakhala ndi mtundu wachikasu ndi mtundu wofiirira wobiriwira, pambali pa petal ndi mitsinje ya mtundu wa lilac. Kutalika kwa chomera chachikulu ndi masentimita 80. Izi zosiyanasiyana zimamveka bwino kumwera ndi kum'mwera chakumadzulo.
- "Beverly Hills" - zotchuka kwambiri zosatha. Maluwawo ndi ofiira kukula, yowala kwambiri ya coral-pinki, ali ndi lace, ngati ngati ndevu yonyezimira. Peduncle imakula kutalika mamita 1, masamba ndi opapatiza, amakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira. Chomeracho chimamveka bwino dzuwa, malo opanda mphepo, monga chitsanzo - kumtunda kotsetsereka.
- "Arkady Raikin" - duwa la mtundu wofiira wa pinki ndi kukongola kwa lalanje, amawoneka okongola ndipo ali ndi fungo labwino. Nthawi yamaluwa ndi sing'anga.
- "Alonda" - Chomeracho chimakhala ndi chikasu chachikulu chachikasu inflorescence mpaka 15 masentimita awiri. Ilo liri ndi fungo lokoma.
Malo oti akule
Posankha malo obzala irises ayenera kuyandikira moyenera. Iris bearded imafuna nthaka yosungunuka kapena miyala yamtundu wosaloŵerera m'thupi. Maluwawo amakula bwino pa ndege yowonongeka ndipo amakonda dzuwa, chifukwa chiwerengero cha maluwa a maluwa kwa chaka chotsatira chimadalira.
Malo ndi kuunikira
Kwa kulima irises muyenera kupeza malo a dzuwa, osawombedwa ndi mphepo ndi zojambula. Maluwa ambiri amatha kulekerera penumbra kuwala pamitengo, koma sayenera kubzalidwa mumthunzi wa mitengo, chifukwa chaichi munthu sangathe kuyembekezera kuchoka kwa peduncles. 
Mtundu wa dothi
Pofuna kubzala, ndikofunikira kusankha malo okhala ndi michere loamy nthaka yopanda ndale kapena acidic acidity acidity. Malowa ayenera kukhala ndi ngalande yabwino, monga irises sitingathe kuyimitsa chinyezi.
Kukonzekera dothi, samalani kuti likhale lovunda feteleza. Pofuna kuti nthaka ikhale yosungunuka ndibwino kuwonjezera mchenga ndi phulusa la nkhuni.
Malamulo a kubzala bearded irises
Kuti mupeze maluwa ofunika a bearded iris, omwe adzakondwere ndi kukongola kwake, panthawi yodzala ndi kusamalira bwino mbewu kumunda ndi zofunika.
Nthawi yabwino yodzala ndi kuika duwa imaonedwa kuti ndiyo nthawi yomwe maluwa amatha, ndiye kuti chomeracho chidzakhala mizu yatsopano. Ngati mumayang'ana mwatcheru pang'onopang'ono, ndiye kuti pansi pa masamba mungathe kuona ma thomba obiriwira - izi ndizo zizuzi za mizu.
Pamene akukula, adzakhala ofooka komanso osowa mtendere. Choncho, irises amabzalidwa nthawi yomweyo maluwa, kapena kugwa, pamene mizu imakhala yolimba komanso yolimba.
Mukudziwa? Kuchokera ku rhizomes ya maluwa a iris, anthu adaphunzira kupanga mafuta a iris, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala opangira mafuta onunkhira kwambiri.Akufunsa momwe angabzalitsire iris bearded, ambiri wamaluwa amatsatira yankho lomwelo. Mukamabzala iris, m'pofunika kupanga kupweteka pang'ono ndi kondomeko kakang'ono.
Ikani maluwa pamtunda uwu, yambani mizu bwino, ndipo, kuyanjana, kuphimba nawo pansi. Mitengo ya Delenki sayenera kuwonjezeka kwambiri, monga muzu uyenera kukwiya kwambiri ndi dzuwa.
Zokonzedwa bwino za bearded iris, zikabzalidwa pansi pamtunda, ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi kukula kokondweretsa. Ngati rhizome ndi yaitali kwambiri, m'pofunika kudula pang'ono, kuchotsa malo ovunda ndi kusunga potassium permanganate kwa mphindi 20.
Mmene mungasamalire maluwa
Kuti iris ikondweretse maluwa kwa nthawi yayitali, m'pofunika kupanga ntchito zingapo.
Kusamalira dothi
Bearded iris mu kasupe imafuna chisamaliro chapadera. Sichikutanthawuza kugwira ntchito mwakhama, mumangofunika kukhala osamala kwambiri mukamasula nthaka. Mizu ya duwa ili pafupi ndi dziko lapansi, ndipo chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti chisawononge iwo.
Ndikofunikira! Irises sangathe pachimake pa nthaka yosavuta! Pachifukwa ichi, chomeracho chidzakhala ndi masamba ambiri olimba, koma sichidzataya masamba. Pewani nthaka n'zotheka powonjezera phulusa, laimu kapena ufa wa dolomite.
Kuthirira
Kupeza madzi ndi zakudya mu irises kumachitika muzu. Choncho, amafunika kuthirira pokhapokha m'nyengo yozizira komanso nthawi ya maluwa kuti awonjezere.
Kudulira masamba ndi kufota mphukira
Mu August, masamba amayamba kufa pang'onopang'ono, izi zikhonza kukhala ngati chizindikiro chofunikira kuti pakhale kudulira kwaukhondo. Pochita izi, chotsani zonse zouma masamba, fufuzani zina ndi theka kapena gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu.
Mwa njira yophweka, mukhoza kusunga zomera ku matenda osiyanasiyana, omwe zinyamulira zawo ndi masamba akale ndi maluwa ozungulira.
Mwapadera ponena za kudyetsa
M'chaka
Chomeracho chikusowa kudya m'chaka. Mukhoza kupanga feteleza wa potashi ngati njira yothetsera vutoli pamutu wa iris. Kupaka zovala izi kumathandiza kukula kwa masamba ndikuwonjezera kukula kwa maluwa.
Ndikofunikira! Ndiletsedwa kudyetsa chomera nthawi ya maluwa.
M'chilimwe
M'nyengo ya chilimwe, pamene duwa limapanga pachimake, mukhoza kudyetsa chomera ndi phosphate feteleza - zidzakulitsa kukula ndi kupanga mapangidwe a inflorescences chaka chamawa.
M'dzinja
M'nyengo ya autumn, maluwawo amafunika chakudya chamadzimadzi chosungunuka, ndipo gwero lawo ndi phosphate ndi fetashi feteleza.
Kukonzekera maluwa m'nyengo yozizira
Ngati nyengo yowonjezereka ikupezeka m'dera lanu, ndiye kuti iris bearded iyenera kukonzekera bwino m'nyengo yozizira. Pa rhizome imeneyi muyenera kuphimba pillow of masamba agwa, coniferous nthambi kapena utuchi.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Kupewa ndi mdani wamkulu wa matenda ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. Poyeretsa panthawi yake malo ndi kuchotsa namsongole, zomera sizingatheke ku matenda osiyanasiyana. Matenda omwe amapezeka mwa iris ndi awa:
Kuchotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumathandiza kuchepetsa potassium permanganate. Mukaika mizu ya mpesa kwa mphindi 30 mu njirayi, mabakiteriya adzafa. Mizu imafalikira padzuwa ndipo inauma kwa maola 8, kutembenuza ma rhizomes.
Pogonjetsedwa ndi pepala la pepala ndikofunikira kupopera duwa 2 kapena 3 nthawi Bordeaux osakaniza.
