Kuwona duwa ili mu bedi la maluwa, simungadabwe kapena kukondwera. Choyamba iye akumva ndikumangokhalira kumenyana. Sali namsongole kapena maluwa a kuthengo, koma sichikugwiranso ntchito kumalo okondedwa omwe amadziwika. Iye amaonedwa kuti ndi woposa mbadwa, ngakhale anabwera kwa ife kuchokera kumwera kwa Ulaya. Leukantemum Nivyanik, kapena munda wa daisy. Kodi ndizatsopano ziti zomwe tingaphunzirepo?
Malongosoledwe a zomera
Leukantemum Nivyanik (Nivyanik vulgaris kapena cadar) ndi chomera chosatha cha banja la Aster. Tsinde ndi lolunjika, limakula kuchokera 30 cm mpaka 1 mamita, ndi mitundu ina yoswana - mpaka mamita 1.3. 
Maafesiwa ndi ang'onoang'ono, oblong, toothed, malingana ndi mitundu, akhoza kukula pamtunda kapena pansi pazu. Chidule cha Rhizome. Mitundu ya maluwa imadalira zosiyanasiyana, pamakhala nthawi zonse yoyera, pakati ndi yowala, nthawi zina imakhala yofiirira kapena yoyera.
Maonekedwe a duwa ndi osavuta, otentha kapena ochepa. Pezani maluwa 10 masentimita awiri.
Mukudziwa? LDzina la atinsky la Leucanthemum linachokera ku mawu awiri achi Greek: "leukos" - "woyera" ndi "anthemoni" - "maluwa". Mawu akuti "Nivyanik" amachokera ku mawu akuti "Niva".Icho chimamasula kawiri pa nyengo: kuyambira pa May mpaka July, ndiyeno kuyambira August mpaka September. Kale m'dzinja mbewu zimasonkhana mu imodzi ya korona yakucha.
Kumene amamera cornflower
M'chilengedwe, udzu umakula ku Ulaya konse komanso m'madera otentha a ku Asia, ogwidwa ku Australia, North America, New Zealand. Ndi kudzichepetsa, komwe kunayambitsa kufalitsa kwake kwakukulu. 
Kusankha malo ndi kuunikira
Nivyanik ndi dambo lamaluwa, motero limakonda kuwala ndipo limakula bwino. Ngati maluwa omwe amapezeka m'madera othunzi amadzimva bwino, ndiye kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi maluwa akuluakulu ayenera kubzalidwa poyera, chifukwa mthunzi umapangitsa kuti zomera zisokoneze zimayambira.
Malowa akhoza kukhala udzu, mabedi otseguka, malo omwe ali kumwera kwa nyumba ndi mipanda.
Phunzirani zambiri za mitundu yambiri ya cornflower ndi mankhwala ake, za zovuta za kukula kwa nthaka.
Zosowa za nthaka
Popovnik kunthaka yonse ndi yosasuntha, makamaka ngati ili yotayirira ndi feteleza - chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti chiyenera kukhala chosakhala chovomerezeka. Zimakula bwino pa mchenga loam ndi loam. Ndi zofunika kuti manyowa a mchenga kapena dothi lolemera, atenge humus, kompositi, manyowa kapena zina zowonongeka.
Chamomile imafuna madzi abwino, chifukwa siimayima mafunde a madzi ndipo mumasefu, madzi osefukira, malo ouma amalephera kukula. 
Kukula mbande kuchokera ku mbewu
Kukula mbande kuchokera ku mbeu kungatheke m'njira ziwiri: zosavuta, zikafesedwa pansi (maluwa amawonekera chaka chamawa), kapena mwamsanga - chifukwa chofunika kuyamba chomera mbande kunyumba, koma maluwa adzakhala kale kale.
Ndikofunikira! Nivyanik ikhoza kufalitsidwa pogawanitsa chitsamba. Kwa mitundu yambiri ya mitundu yogawanika - chiyeso chofunikira chomwe chimalepheretsa kufalikira.
Mbewu yoyenera
Chamomile wamaluwa omwe anafesedwa masika kapena kumapeto. Nthaka amafukula koyamba ndipo pamtunda wa 15-20 masentimita wina ndi mzake amapanga grooves kubzala. Mbewu imabzalidwa osati pozama kuposa 2 masentimita, owazidwa ndi nthaka pamwamba ndipo zonsezi zimamwetsedwa bwino. 
Zomera zimatuluka pafupifupi masabata atatu. Kukula kuli pang'onopang'ono, choncho mbande zimapangidwa kokha kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Kenaka iwo amakhala pamtunda wa masentimita 30 mpaka 70 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake, kapena ali namsongole ndi mawonekedwe omwewo, kuchotsa zosafunikira.
Mukasakaniza zitsime zokonzedwa bwino, pafupifupi 300 g humus kapena 20 g ya zovuta zamchere feteleza ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Pambuyo pake, chirichonse chimakhala madzi okwanira, ndipo patapita masabata angapo, amamwetsa mwapadera ndi saltpeter, pa mlingo wa 20 g pa ndowa.
Mbewu zofesedwa m'dzinja zidzamera kokha masika, ndipo mbande zidzakhala zokonzeka kubzala kumapeto kwa May.
Njira ya mmera
Kuti leukantemum Nivyanik iyambe kuphuka chilimwe, kulima mbande kuchokera kumbewu kumayambira kunyumba pakati pa mwezi wa February - kumayambiriro kwa March. 
Zakudya za mbande zimakhala zosavuta kuti zikhale zosavuta kuyang'anitsitsa nthaka chinyezi.
Choyambirira cha mbande zamaluwa zimatsanulira mu chidebe (mungachigulitse pa shopu la maluwa), kutsanulira ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate ndipo mofatsa muyesere izo. Mbewu imamizidwa ku kuya kwa masentimita 1, owazidwa ndi nthaka komanso osakwanira madzi ndi madzi otentha kutentha.
Mukudziwa? Munda wa chimanga - Silver Spoons ndi Wopambana, okhala ndi kutalika kwa 1.2 mamita - Chipale cha Snowc 15 cm ndi Little Princess (Little Princess), sichikulira pamwamba pa 15-25 cmKuti mbewu ikumera m'pofunika kuti kutentha kusakhale 22 ° C ndipo nthaka siuma. Zomera zitamera, mbande zimawonekera pamalo ozizira. Pambuyo mapangidwe a masamba 2-3 a chomerawo amakhala pambali, ndipo akuwonjezera humus pamenepo. Iwo amafesedwa pamtunda kuyambira pakati pa May.
Zosamalira
Kusamalira Leucanthemum ndi kophweka komanso kosavuta, koma kuti mupeze maluwa okongola kwambiri muyenera kukwaniritsa zinthu zingapo. 
Kuthirira ndi kusamalira nthaka
Maluwa am'maluwa - chomera dzuwa ndi chilala chosagonjetsedwa, koma kuti pachimake chitali, nthawi zonse kuthirira n'kofunikira. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa, izi zikhoza kupindulidwa ndi mulching ndi makungwa, utuchi, udzu, kapena singano zapaini.
Komabe, chinyezi komanso madzi ochepa kwambiri ayenera kupewa, chifukwa izi zingayambitse matenda ndi zomera zowola.
Monga nivyanik, zomera zotsalira zosatha zimaphatikizapo njuchi, rudbeckiyu, catnip, gelenium, gentian, yazolku, geykheru, foxglove, perperomy, medunitsu, astrantia, ndi ironworks za Crimea.
Kupaka pamwamba
Kudyetsa chimanga ndi 2 nthawi pa mwezi nitrofoskoy. Pakati pa kukula kwa mbeu, nayitrojeni iyenera kukhala yovala pamwamba, ndipo panthawi yamaluwa, feteleza ayenera kukhala ndi potaziyamu. Komanso yabwino munda wam'maluwa umatenga feteleza yankho la mullein. 
Kudulira
Kukhala chomera chosatha, munda wam'maluwa umakula chaka chilichonse, zimayambira kuzungulira ponseponse, pakati pa chitsamba chimakhala chopanda kanthu, ena amawombera ndi maluwa pa iwo akuwongolera, amachepa ndi kutaya kukongoletsa kwawo.
Pofuna kupewa izi, chomeracho chiyenera kudulidwa, ndipo mtundu wosakanizidwa uyenera kugawidwa, kusiya masamba ambiri ngati mabulosi omwe ali nawo zaka ziwiri zoyambirira za moyo. Mitengo ya zomera ndi yokhazikika, imatha kukhala wamkulu pamalo amodzi kwa zaka 10, ndipo zomera zosakanizidwa ziyenera kupatulidwa nthawi 1 muzaka ziwiri.
Kuwonjezera apo, ndi zofunika kudula zouma zouma zouma kuti chamomile apitirize kupuntha ndikukhala wokongola. Kudulira kumachitidwa kutalika kwa masentimita 15 kuchokera pansi. 
Kudulira kotsirizira kwa nyengo nthawi zambiri kumachitika nyengo yozizira isanafike, chomeracho chikhoza kuphimbidwa pogwiritsa ntchito masamba owuma kapena masamba.
Ndikofunikira! Pogwiritsa ntchito munda wa chimanga, manyowa kapena humus sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, monga nthawi zambiri vyprevaet m'nyengo yozizira ndi yamasika. Pa chifukwa chomwecho, chisanu chitasungunuka ndipo nthaka ikauma, nyumba zonse ziyenera kuchotsedwa.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Nivyanik si wodzichepetsa okha, komanso amakana kwambiri matenda. Mvula yamkuntho imakhala yoopsa kwa iye, panthawiyi chiopsezo cha matenda a fungal ndi mabakiteriya chimakula: zenizeni ndi zofooka powdery mildew, dzimbiri, Ramulariosis, Septoria, kapena Cylindrosporium.
Matenda amawonetsedwa ndi maonekedwe a masamba ofiira kapena ofiira okhala ndi mawanga oyera, mawanga wakuda pa masamba kapena pansi pa tsinde, chovala choyera kapena choyera. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito fungicide Mwachitsanzo, Bordeaux osakaniza. Mitengo yogonjetsedwa imachiritsidwa kangapo pa masiku khumi. 
Minda yam'munda ndi tizilombo toopsa kwambiri kwa vyanik. Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa timakhala pamaluwa, chifukwa chake amatha kutaya maonekedwe awo mwamsanga, ndipo amawombera. Pali chilakolako cha chamomile ndi masamba - ndi mgodi wa chrysanthemum, akukuta masamba, ndi pennitsy, zomwe zimaphika mapesi ndi masamba.
Pofuna kulimbana nawo, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amagwiritsidwa ntchito, pali zambiri mwa iwo: "Basudin", "Bowerin", "Tsitkor", "Sonnet", "K-Otrin", "Inta-Vir", "Deltar", etc. nthawi pamisonkhano yapachaka.
Nivyanik ndi munda wokongola wokongola, kumbali imodzi, kubzala kwake ndi kusamalira sikutanthauza kuyesetsa kwakukulu ndi kudzidzidzidwa, pena-mu zithunzi za wamaluwa, timawona momwe zimakhalira zokongola komanso zogwirizana, komanso maluwa ensembles. 
Maluwa amenewa amatsindika mosamalitsa kuti m'munda mwawo palokha. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito palimodzi muzitsamba zosiyana, ndipo ngati chithunzi cha maluwa owala ndi zitsamba. Mitundu yaing'ono imawoneka pamapiri a alpine, rockeries kapena mixborders.
Mitengo yaitali imakhala pamodzi ndi kukwera kwa zomera kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati khoma.
