Camellia ndi nthumwi yofunika kwambiri yokongoletsera zomera, zimatchuka kwambiri kuti zikukula ngati malo opangira nyumba komanso malo otseguka m'mphepete mwa greenhouses ndi minda.
Ndizitsamba zobiriwira zamasamba, pafupifupi - mtengo, kufika mamita 20 pamwamba. Masiku ano, mitundu yoposa 80 ya chomera ichi imadziwika, yomwe imakhala ndi mitundu yambiri.
Nthawi yamaluwa ya mitundu yambiri ya miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, motero maonekedwe akuyenerera. Kenaka, fufuzani komwe kamera kamakula, dziŵe mitundu yake yosangalatsa.
Chijapani (Camellia japonica)
Chomera ichi chinachokera kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa China ndi Japan, chikupezeka ku Taiwan, South Korea, ndi Shandong. Malo a kuthengo - kumadera akum'mwera ndi nyengo yozizira ndi yamvula pamtunda wa mamita 250 mpaka 1100. Monga lamulo, kutalika kwa chitsamba kapena mtengo ukuchokera pa 1 mpaka 5.5 mamita. Nthawi zambiri pa kamera kameneka, imatha kufika mamita 11. 
Kamera ya ku Japan yaying'ono, koma nthawi imodzimodziyo. Masambawo ndi obiriwira, amakhala ndi masentimita 5 mpaka 10 ndi kupitirira masentimita 6, oval, akuwonekera. Maluwa okhala ndi mamita osachepera 4 masentimita, chimodzi kapena zingapo, amawonekera kuchokera ku sinasi ya masamba. M'minda yamaluwa, iwo ndi aakulu kwambiri - kuyambira 7 mpaka 11 masentimita
Mukudziwa? Kwa nthawi yoyamba zomera zimatchulidwa polemba ku Japan m'zaka za zana la 1 AD. Ndipo m'zaka za zana la khumi ndi zitatu zokha zapitazo anabweretsedwa ku Ulaya ndipo adafotokozedwa ndi mchimwene wa Yesuit Georg Joseph. Kammelus (1661-1706). Dzina limapatsidwa kuchokera ku dzina lake lotsiriza.
Mitunduyi ndi kholo la makamera a chikwi ndi angapo, choncho maluwa ake amasiyana kwambiri ndi maonekedwe ake. Mu mawonekedwe, ndi ophweka, otentha pakati, mtundu wa maluwa, terry symmetrically, mtundu wa anemones ndi mtundu wa peony. Mtundu wa mtunduwo ndi wa pinki ndi wofiira, woyera, kirimu ndi yonyezimira.
Ndikofunikira! Mitundu yonse ya chikhalidwe cha asidi. Kukula kudzapambana pokhapokha ngati nthaka ya acidity pH 4.5-5.5.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yotchuka:
- 'Pink Perfect' - maluwa terry, kuwala pinki.
- 'Chandlers Red' - maluwa ofiira amdima okhala ndi masamba akuluakulu.
- 'Linda Rosazza' - maluwa awiri a hafu a mtundu woyera.
- 'Margaret Davis' - maluwa theka la terry ndi kuwala kofiira.
- 'Tricolor` -flower ndi zofiira zofiira ndi malo owala achikasu.
Camellia japonica ikuphulika kuyambira October mpaka April. Padzakhala dzuwa ndi chinyezi mokwanira nyengo yozizira.
Werengani komanso za ulimi ndi mitundu ya Japanese spirea.
China, kapena tiyi (Camellia sinensis)
Anali Camellia sinensis tiyi shrub yomwe inabweretsa mbiri ya dziko. Kulima koyamba kunali ku China, ndiyeno ku Japan. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinayi izi zinapitilizidwira ku India ndi pachilumba cha Java. 
Kuwonjezera pa zigawo izi, lero minda yayikuru ya camellia chinese amakhalanso ku Sri Lanka, m'madera ena a South Africa ndi South America, kum'mwera kwa mayiko angapo a ku Ulaya, ku Georgia, Azerbaijan ndi Krasnodar Territory of the Russian Federation. 
Tchire m'chilengedwe sichikhala chokwera, koma zitsanzo zina zimatha kukula mamita khumi. Kutalika kwa pepala kumasiyanasiyana ndi masentimita asanu mpaka asanu, ndipo m'lifupi sichiposa 4 cm. Iwo ndi ovunda, ochepa kwambiri, obiriwira. Maluwa ndi ang'onoang'ono, mpaka masentimita atatu, amakumbukira kwambiri maluwa a jasmine. Kupezeka mwayera woyera komanso wosawoneka bwino mu pinki yofiira, pakati ndi kuwala kowala chikasu.
Mukudziwa? Pa maluwa ambirimbiri, 2-4 peresenti yokha imabala zipatso.
Zipatso zimakhala zofiira mpaka 1 sentimita imodzi. Amagwiritsidwa bwino ntchito polima tiyi m'nyumba ndi malo obiriwira. 
Kuchokera pa dzinali n'zachidziŵikire kuti masamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga tiyi aliyense wokondedwa, komanso kuchokera ku mbewu zomwe amapeza mafuta, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zamagetsi komanso mowa.
Mitsinje ya Japan Kerria - zitsamba zamaluwa, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapezeka mumapikisano a paki, munda kapena bwalo. Chomeracho chimagwirizanitsidwa bwino ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana komanso mosasamala.
Phiri, kapena camellia sasanqua (Camellia sasanqua)
Camellia yamapiri ali ndi dzina lina - carp. Anabweretsedwa ku Ulaya kuchokera Kum'mawa ndi Kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia. "Tiyi yamapiri yomwe imamasula bwino" - ndi momwe zomerayi imatembenuzidwira kuchokera ku Japanese. Mapiri a China ndi Japan amasiyana ndi alongo awo mwachidule - kutalika kwake sikudutsa mamita asanu. 
Tsamba, kuphatikizapo mdima wonyezimira wandiweyani, uli ndi mitsempha yochepa yamtunduwu pansipa. Kutalika kwake kumapitirira 7 ndipo m'lifupi ndi 3 masentimita. Mtundu uwu wa camellia wakula bwino zonse - m'nyumba, wowonjezera kutentha, munda.
Sazanka imayamba pachimake mu November ndipo imatha mu December, choncho idalandira dzina lakuti "maluwa a dzuwa." Kuchokera ku mitundu iyi, mitundu yoposa zana yakhala ikulimidwa ndi kulima. Chifukwa cha nthawi yake yochepa, mitundu yochepa yamaluwa imakula bwino kuchokera ku sazan.
Tikukulangizani kuti muwerenge za kukula pa malo a Japanese quince.
Saluenska (Camellia saluenensis)
Mitundu yodabwitsa imeneyi ya camellia ya chitsamba inayamba kufotokozedwa ndi George Forest mu 1917. Dziko lakwawo ndi mapiri a China a Yunnan ndi Sichuan, kumene amamera m'nkhalango zosakanizika komanso pamapiri otsetsereka pamtunda wa mamita 1200-2800. 
Kuthamanga mpaka mamita 4 pamwamba, compact, ndi korona wokhotakhota. Mzere wa 2.5-5.5 masentimita, m'lifupi - mpaka 2.5 masentimita, iwo amakhala odekha-olliptical mawonekedwe. Maluwa ndi oyera kapena pinki okhala ndi chikasu chamtundu, mpaka masentimita asanu.
Kuchokera ku mitundu iyi, mitundu yambiri yamamera ya camellia yakhala ikugwedezeka yomwe imalekerera nyengo yoziziritsa bwino ndipo imafalikira kuposa ena. Wotchuka kwambiri ndi Williams wosakanizidwa. Amapezeka podutsa mitundu ya Saluen ndi Japan.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mudzidziwe nokha ndi zitsamba zokongola za munda wanu: hydrangea, viburnum buldenezh, spirea, deicia, magnolia, lilac, chubushnik.
Minga (Camellia reticulata)
Malo okhala a camellia akudutsa ndi afupi ndi chigawo cha Yunnan, kum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa chigawo cha Sichuan ndi kumadzulo kwa chigawo cha Guizhou kum'mwera kwa China. Mitunduyi ndi yosiyana ndi ina ndi kukula kwake kwa maluwa ndi zomera. Kutalika kwa chitsamba choterocho kapena mtengo kufika pa mamita 15-20, ndipo duwa likhoza kukhala lalikulu masentimita 23. 
Maluwawo ali ndi nsalu yowonekera - choncho dzina. M'zaka za m'ma 1800, imodzi mwa mitundu ya Camellia reticulata inabweretsedwa ku likulu la Albion. Patadutsa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, mtengowo unakula ndipo unakhudzidwa m'mudzi wamaluwa.
Mukudziwa? Mitengo ya camellia yosakanizidwa inapangidwa kuti idzafesedwe m'dera la amonke a Buddhist. Zaka za mtengo umodzi wotchedwa "Zikwi khumi" zikukula m'kachisi wa Buddhist pafupi ndi mzinda wa Liyan ndi zaka zoposa 500.
Ng'ombe yamtengo wapatali (Camellia chrysantha)
Golden Camellia waku China - yotchedwa mitundu yomwe ili ndi dzina lowala la golidi-linayandama. Panthawi ya maluwa, zimakhala zokongola chifukwa cha kukongola kwake, chifukwa pafupifupi maluwa okongola okwana 200 amatha. Kukula kuli kochepa ku Province la Guangxi ku China. 
Chomeracho chimakula mpaka mamita asanu, chimakula m'nkhalango m'madera otentha kwambiri. Camellia chrysantha yatsala pang'ono kutha, motero ili m'buku la Red Book mu 2006.
Kuphulika kwa maluwa othamanga ndi mawonekedwe okongola kwambiri. Phunzirani momwe mungamere maluwa m'munda mwanu.
Williams Hybrid (Camellia x williamsii)
Williams Hybrid ndi wotchuka, choyamba, monga choyamba choyamba popeza mitundu ya Japan ndi Saluen m'zaka za m'ma 30 zapitazi ndi woyang'anira munda John Charles Williams.
Camelia Williams akuonedwa kuti ndibwino kuti akule mu greenhouses ndi kutseguka pansi chifukwa cha kupirira kwake ndi nthawi yayitali maluwa. Ndi chitsamba choda kwambiri mamita 1.8 mamita pamwamba ndi kufika mamita 1.2 m'lifupi ndi maluwa mwake mpaka 15 masentimita. Wosakanizidwa wa Williams akhoza kupirira kutentha mpaka kupitirira madigiri 20.
Mtundu wa maluwa ndi wofanana ndi wa mayi wake wa ku Japan - kuchokera ku pinki yofiira mpaka yofiira, yoyera, kirimu. Chifukwa cha kutchuka kwakukulu kwa mitundu yoposa 100 ya Williams wosakanizidwa. Nawa ena mwa iwo:
- Camellia x williamsii 'Chiyembekezo';
- Camellia x williamsii 'China Clay';
- Camellia x williamsii 'Debbie';
- Camellia x williamsii 'Mphatso'.
Ndikofunikira! Chomera ndicho chenicheni chopeza kwa chifuwa. Ndizosavuta kwenikweni.
Anatsutsa kuti camellia ndivuta kwambiri kukula. Koma akatswiri amanena kuti, popanda kuthirira bwino ndikutsatira malangizidwe a nthaka acidity, zomera sizifunikira chisamaliro chapadera. Mitundu, mitundu, maluwa, nthawi zina zimafanana ndi duwa, nthawi yayitali yamaluwa imapangitsa kuti mamembala a banja la tiyi akhale okongola kwambiri m'munda kapena mkati.
