Masiku ano, mitundu yambiri ya strawberries imalimidwa. Zina mwazoziphuka kumayambiriro, zimakhala ndi shuga wambiri ndipo zimakhala zosaoneka bwino, zina - ndi shuga wambiri zimachepa mofulumira ndipo silingalekerere kayendedwe konse. Ndipo aliyense amachititsa matenda mosiyana: ena samatha kuviika ndi imvi ndi powdery mildew, koma sagonjetsedwa kuti awone. Koma pafupi mitundu yonse ikukhudzidwa ndi Fusarium. Kaya phytophtora matendawa ndi owopsa, kodi fusarium sitiroberi ikufota, momwe angapewere izo ndi momwe angachichitire - tidzanena zambiri.
Kodi ndi zoopsa ndipo zimachokera kuti?
Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) ndi matenda owopsa kwambiri, chifukwa amachititsa kuti ming'oma ikhale yambiri (kuchokera ku mizu kupita kumtunda wonse). 
Matendawa makamaka amapezeka m'chilimwe pamene kutentha kwambiri. Zotsatira za zilonda za Fusarium ndi namsongole, mbewu zina za masamba ndi nthaka zowonongeka ndi matenda a fungali.
Pezani momwe mungagwirire ndi matenda a strawberries, makamaka ndi bulauni malo.Parasitic bowa Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. kapp. fragariae Winks ndi Williams akhoza kupulumutsa moyo kwa nthawi yaitali (nthawi zina mpaka zaka 25), ndikumabala zomera zatsopano chaka chilichonse. Komanso, pafupifupi mbewu zonse za masamba zili ndi kachilomboka.
Ndikofunikira! Kupereka ndalama kuchokera ku Fusarium kungakhale 30-50%.
Ziwonekera bwanji
Pamene fusarium ifuna, poyamba mawanga amawoneka pamasamba, ndipo zizindikiro za necrosis zimawonekera m'mphepete. Kuwombera ndi nyundo kumachepetsa pang'onopang'ono mthunzi (kutembenukira bulauni).
Mukudziwa? Poyamba, Fusarium idaitanidwa kuti "Lancashire matenda" chifukwa idapezeka koyamba ku Lancashire mu 1920. Matenda a Fusarium adalengeza kuti ndi matenda oopsa mu 1935.Pochita matendawa, masamba amawotchera mkati, ovary amatha kukula pa shrub yomwe yakhudzidwa, ndipo pamapeto pake chitsamba chimatha, zitsulo zimagwa, ndipo sitiroberi imasiya kukula. Pambuyo pa miyezi 1-1.5, zomera zimamwalira.
Mmene mungapewere
Popeza mlimi aliyense posachedwa atha kukumana ndi matenda a sitiroberi, zidzakhala zothandiza kwa aliyense popanda chidziwitso kuti adziwitse malamulo oyenera kuti asamakhale ndi sitiroberi fusarium:
- Mukamabzala, gwiritsani ntchito zokhazokha, zakuthupi.
- Moyenera, kuganizira nyengo, kusankha zosiyanasiyana.
- Tsatirani ndondomeko ya kusintha kwa zomera (kusintha zaka 2-3 zilizonse ndi zikhalidwe zatsopano).
- Pangani nthaka fumigation musanabzala.
- Sungani udzu wobiriwira pokhapokha mutatha kukolola.
- Nthawi zonse amamenyana namsongole ndi tizirombo.
Mukudziwa? Chromosome ya sitiroberi ya m'munda nthawi zambiri imakhala yaikulu kuposa ya strawberries zakutchire. Choncho, si pereopolylya ndi mitundu iliyonse.Pofuna kupewa fusarium, laimu kapena potaziyamu yodidi amawonjezeredwa kunthaka. Mabedi ogona amathandizidwanso ndi opaque (makamaka yakuda) filimu ya vinyl.
Mankhwala ochokera ku fusarium wilt
Ngati pali zizindikiro za fusarium, ndikofunikira kuyendetsa kafukufuku wa ma laboratori (yekha angathe kudziwa fungus ya parasitic) ndipo, ngati zilonda zikutsimikiziridwa, yambani kumenyana.
Onaninso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito strawberries mu autumn, momwe mungadyetse bwino, bwanji ndi liti kuchepetsa masamba ndi masewera, momwe mulch strawberries.
Zamoyo
Njira zothandizira (Agat 23K, Gumate-K) ndizothandiza kwambiri ngati njira yothandizira. Amayambitsa mizu ya mbande asanadzalemo.
Kudzipatula kwapadera F. Oxysporum, yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera mu 1991 ndi asayansi a ku Japan Tezuka ndi Makino, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mankhwala.
Ndikofunikira! Pa gawo loyamba la matendawa ndi kupewa kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino "Trichodermin" kapena "Phytodoc".
Mankhwala
Ngati chiwonongeko chachikulu, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito "Readzol", "Chorus" ndi "Benorad", zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi strawberries (mungagwiritsire ntchito mankhwalawa pakumwa madzi akumwa). 
Kodi n'zotheka kumenyana ndi gawo lachitukuko cha chitukuko
Akatswiri amatsimikizira kuti "Fitosporin" ikugwira ntchito motsutsana ndi sitiroberi ya fusarium yofota. Komabe, ngati zomera zowonongeka sizingachiritsidwe, zimachotsedwa pa webusaitiyi ndikuwonongedwa. Pambuyo pokonza malo, nthaka iyenera kuchitidwa ndi Nitrafen.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati nthendayi yakhudza munda wonse wa sitiroberi, ndi bwino kusinthana ndi mitundu yomwe imateteza matendawa. Bzalani mbewu za strawberries zidzatheka kokha pambuyo pa zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri.
Mitundu yotsutsa
Kuti musayambe kuvutika ndi funso la momwe mungachotsere Fusarium, muyenera kupatsa mitundu yosiyana ndi fungus:
- Arosa;
- "Bohemia";
- Gorella;
- "Judibel";
- Capri;
- "Christine";
- "Omsk Early";
- Chotsitsa;
- "Sonata";
- "Zamatsenga";
- "Totem";
- "Tristar";
- Flamenco;
- "Florence";
- "Alice";
- "Yamaska".
Tsopano muli ndi zidziwitso za Fusarium ndi momwe mungakanire. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mabulosiwa sali odwala, omwe amasamaliridwa bwino. Ndipotu, matendawa ndi ovuta kupewa kuposa kuchiza ngakhale poyamba.
