Aukuba amachokera ku nkhalango za ku Central Asia. Unadza ku Ulaya kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 17 ndipo mwamsanga unayamba kutchuka pakati pa anthu. Mtundu wapachiyambi wa masamba ndi mosavuta kubereka umathandiza kuti mtengo wobiriwira ukhale mlendo wokhazikika m'nyumba zosungira zomera komanso pakati pa zomera zapakhomo.
Kulongosola kwa kugonana
Mtengo wa goba wa aukuba umaphatikizapo awiri awiri - Himalayan aukuba ndi Japanese aukuba. Izi ndi zitsamba zobiriwira, tsinde lakuda, zimakhala zobiriwira, zobiriwira, zobiriwira. Maluwa obiriwira a aukuba, ophwanyidwa, ochepa ndi osadziwika.
Zipatso zamaluwa ndi maluwa ofiira. Chomera cha amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, maluwa amphongo ndi amphongo ali pa mitundu yosiyana.
Dieffenbachia, hippeastrum, geranium, oleander, ivy, aglaonema, Croton, adenium, cyclamen komanso aucuba ndi zomera zowopsa.
Mitundu
Tiyeni tione kufotokoza kwawo mwatsatanetsatane:
- Himalayan Aukuba imakula mpaka mamita 4 mu msinkhu. Masamba ndi owopsa, ofewa, oblong, nsonga zamkati, mdima wobiriwira. Maluwa ndi ang'onoang'ono komanso osadziwika, koma zipatso - yowutsa mudyo wofiira.
- Japanese kukuba imakula mpaka mamita 2.5 m'lifupi. Masamba ndi owopsa, mawonekedwe oblong. Mbali ya masamba ndi masentimita 6, m'litali akhoza kukula mpaka masentimita 20. Mitengoyi ndi lalanje. Maluwa ofiira kapena mthunzi wofiirira. Pali mitundu yambiri ya Japanese kukuba - ndi masamba a monochrome ndi masamba omwe amawona.
Asayansi apanga mitundu yotsatira ya Japanese aucuba:
Asayansi apanga mitundu yotsatira ya Japanese aucuba:- Varieagata - masamba a mtundu wobiriwira ndi mawanga ambiri a chikasu a kukula kwake;
- Picturata - masamba obiriwira ndi timing'alu tatsuko, masamba a masamba ali ndi utoto wobiriwira;
- Dothi la golide - pafupifupi masamba achikasu ndi zobiriwira zobiriwira.
M'nkhani ino tidzakambirana mwatsatanetsatane za Japanese aucuba, chisamaliro m'nyumba, mitundu, kusonyeza chithunzi cha chomera.
Makhalidwe ogulitsa
Chomera ichi chingatchedwe kudzichepetsa. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe aukcube akusowa chitukuko chathunthu.
Kutentha ndi chinyezi
Malo abwino otentha ndi 21 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti nyengo imakhala yozizira, kutentha kumachepetsedwa mpaka 8-14 ° C. Kutentha mu chipinda kumatha kufulumira kukalamba ndipo masamba ayamba kugwa.
Ndikofunikira! Maluwa salola kulemba ndi kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha. Pamene muthamanga, tengani ku malo ena.
Mpweya wouma ukhoza kuchepetsa kukula kwa zomera. M'nyengo yozizira, mpweya wouma uyenera kusokonezedwa. Kupopera mbewu kumaphatikiza kawiri pa tsiku. M'nyengo ya chilimwe imapopedwa kamodzi pa sabata. Gwiritsani madzi osungunuka kutentha kutentha.Kuunikira
Amakonda penumbra kapena kuwala. Koma salola kulowera dzuwa. Zofunika zowunikira zimadalira mtundu wa zomera - mitundu yomwe ili ndi masamba amtundu mumthunzi umatayika mtundu, koma masamba a mitundu yonyansa adzamva bwino kwambiri.
M'nyengo yotentha ndizotheka kupanga duwa panja, koma liyenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa ndi mphepo.
Mukudziwa? Aukubu nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "soseji mtengo". Kufanana ndi soseji kumaperekedwa ndi masamba okhala ndi masamba achikasu pa iwo.
Kusakaniza kwa nthaka
Nthaka ya aukuba ikhale "yopuma." Mukhoza kukonzekera nthaka yotsakaniza: mchenga, peat, nthaka ndi humus zimasakanizidwa mofanana. Kusakaniza kwadothi kungatetezedwe motsekemera - onjezerani madontho angapo a potaziyamu permanganate kapena kutentha mu uvuni kwa mphindi 20.
Musaiwale za ngalande - miyala yochepetsedwa, dothi lokulitsa, ndi polystyrene lidzagwirizananso bwino.
Momwe mungamerekere aukkubu
Aukuba ndi chomera chofalikira ndi mbewu ndi zipatso. 
Mbewu
Kufalitsa mbewu sizimapereka mtundu wa amayi osiyana ndi mphukira zatsopano. Mwa kusankha njira yoberekera, muyenera kufesa mbewu zatsopano mu nthaka yosakaniza. Musamayembekezere mphukira yachangu. Onetsetsani kuti mupopera ndi kuthira nthaka.
Ndikofunikira! Ichi ndi chomera chakupha. Siziyenera kukula mu chipinda chokhala ndi ana aang'ono. Sambani manja anu ndi sopo ndi madzi mutagwira ntchito ndi aukuba.
Cuttings
Kudula mitengo ya aucuba kudzalola kuti kusamalidwa kwa amayi akusiyana. Mutasankha njira iyi yobereketsera, muyenera kudula nthambi kumayambiriro a masika kapena autumn (payenera kukhala masamba osachepera atatu).
Dulani nthambiyi iikidwa mu mphika ndi mchenga kapena nthaka kusakaniza mizu. Kuti apange zinthu zabwino kwambiri, onetsetsani ndi pulasitiki ndi madzi nthawi zonse. Ndikofunika kuti nthawi ndi nthawi muzitsuka ndi kutsegula polyethylene kuti chomera chikhale chodzaza ndi oxygen. 
Dracena, mfumu ya geranium, orchid, laurel, crossander, zamiokulkas, clematis imafalitsidwa ndi cuttings.
Kusamalira kwanu
Mutagula aukubu, simuyenera kudandaula kuti kusamalira kunyumba kungakhale kovuta komanso kovuta.
Kuthirira
Ndikofunika kuthirira maluwa moyenera. M'chilimwe, kamodzi pa sabata, m'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa kwa 1 nthawi masabata awiri. Kwa ulimi wothirira, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, gwiritsani ntchito madzi osiyana pa firiji. Kuthira mowa kwambiri kumayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mizu.
Feteleza
Kwa feteleza ntchito zovuta mchere feteleza. Kudyetsa nthawi kuyambira pa March kufika pa September, fetelezedwa kamodzi pa masabata awiri. Kupaka zovala zapamwamba kungasinthidwe ndi kuthirira.
Kuwaza
Nthawi yowokera ndikumapeto. Zitsanzo zazing'ono zingapangidwe kamodzi pa chaka, akuluakulu - kamodzi pa zaka zitatu kapena ngati kukula kwa mizu. Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa mosamala - mizu ya aucuba ndi yovuta kwambiri. Monga njira yowonjezeretsa - kuika pamwamba pa wosanjikiza dothi kusakaniza mu mphika. 
Mukudziwa? Aukubu amaonedwa ngati chithumwa ku Japan. Malingana ndi chikhulupiriro chawo, akukula mu nyumba, mwini nyumbayo amatetezedwa ku zoyipa.
Matenda, tizirombo, zolakwitsa
Ngati mwadzidzidzi masamba amawombera mu aukuba - palibe chifukwa chochitira mantha, tidzakuuzani choti muchite. Masamba ofiira amalankhula za matenda ovunda. Mungathe kuchotsa izo mwa kukonza madzi okwanira, kuchotsa madera omwe akukhudzidwa ndi kuchiza ndi fungicide.
Kwa okonda kusangalala ndi maluwa ndi awa:
- whitefly,
- scythe,
- kangaude mite,
- mealybug
Mukhoza kupulumutsa zomera kuchokera kwa iwo mothandizidwa ndi tizilombo. Mwachitsanzo, Actellic. Monga njira yabwino yowonongera tizirombo - sopo yankho.
Ndikofunika kupukuta malo okhudzidwa ndi nsalu yofewa kapena swab ya thonje. Imodzi mwa zolakwika zazikuru mu chisamaliro ndi kuthirira mochulukira, kusasamala kwa kutentha kwa nyengo, mpweya wouma. Japanese Akuba ndi chomera chosangalatsa chobiriwira nthawi zonse, kusamalira kunyumba kumakhala kosavuta, ndipo chithunzi cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana idzakuthandizani kusankha pa zosiyanasiyana za zomera.
