Dziwe laling'ono pafupi ndi nyumba kapena madzi otentha m'nyumbamo sizingatheke. Zinthu zoterezi zimapanga mpweya wapadera ndi chitonthozo. Pamene nsomba ndi zipolopolo zimakhala m'madzi, izi ndi zabwino, koma ngati muwonjezera zowonjezereka maluwa okongola kumeneko, malo osungira mbeu adzakhala osadabwitsa, osasinthika. Pali udzu wambiri ndi maluwa okongoletsera dziwe, makamaka hyacinth ya madzi imatuluka pakati pawo. M'nkhani ino tidzakambirana za kubzala kwake komanso kusamalira zomera zokongola.
Kufotokozera
Hyacinth Water (Eichhornia crassipes) ndi chomera cha m'madzi chokhala kumadera otentha ku South America. Amatchedwanso Eichornia zabwino kwambiri. Chilengedwe cha maluwa ndi nyanja, mitsinje (popanda kusowa kwamtunda), mathithi, mathithi komanso ngalande.
Mukudziwa? Ku America, South Asia ndi maiko ena otentha, hayacinth yakhala ikudziwika kuti "mliri wa madzi", pamene chomera chimakula kwambiri ndipo pafupifupi chimakwirira mitsinje chifukwa cha nyengo yabwino. Ichi ndi vuto lenileni kwa anthu ammudzi.Malingana ndi botany, ndi chomera chokhachokha chomwe chiri cha Eyhornii. Masamba ake opangidwa ndi masamba oposa masentimita 20, amakhala ozungulira, amasonkhanitsidwa muzitsulo m'njira yotchedwa hyacinth. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha mpweya pansi pa tsamba. Kuphimba kwake ndi kosalala, kofiira komanso kofiira. Mitsitsi ya eichornia imalowa m'madzi ndipo imakula mpaka mamita 0.7 m'litali.
Phesi nthawi zambiri imatha kufika 10-15 masentimita mu msinkhu ndipo imapereka pafupifupi 10-15 maluwa. Mu chilengedwe, chikhoza kukula mpaka mita imodzi, ndipo m'madzi a aquarium madzi a hayacinth adzakhala ochepa kwambiri. Maluwa a kukula kwakukulu, opitirira mamita 20-30 millimeters, gamma ikhoza kusiyana ndi pinki yofiira mpaka lilac yakuya. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a zamatsenga ndi zonunkhira zonunkhira za inflorescences, eihornia amatchedwa yokongola. M'madera a ku Ulaya, chomerachi chingasangalale ndi mtundu wake m'nyengo ya chilimwe.
Mukhoza kukhala ndi chidwi ndi maluwa ngati madziwa monga Nymphea, omwe angasinthe nyanja yanu.
Zizindikiro za mawonekedwe
Lingaliro ndilosazolowereka ndipo limasiyana kwambiri ndi zomera zina zomwe zimakhala m'madzi. Muzikhalidwe zoyenera, hyacinth imakula mofulumira kwambiri ndipo imaphimba pamwamba pa gombelo ndi dothi lakuda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti sitima zisafike pamtsinje, chifukwa cha mphamvu zamagetsi, usodzi ndi zina.
Ndikofunikira! Kuswana kwa eichornia zambiri sikunyanjidwe chifukwa chomera chimakhala cholimba kwambiri kuti mlengalenga sichifika pomwepo, ndipo zolengedwa zam'madzi, kaya nsomba kapena algae, sizikhoza kukhalapo nthawi zonse.Nthaŵi zina, m'mphepete mwa masamba a eichornia ndi ofatsa komanso owopsa, izi zimapereka mawonekedwe apadera ku chomera. Zimasangalatsa kwambiri malo otentha komanso ozizira. Pansi pa malo abwino oyenera, woimira firimuyo akhoza kukhala wokhalamo wokhazikika komanso wosatha. Hyacinth ya madzi ndi phindu losiyana kwa aquarium. Chifukwa cha luso lake lodzizira, chomeracho chimayeretsa madzi, chimapangitsa kuti chikhale choyera komanso chimachotsa fungo losasangalatsa. Amatha kuyamwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zitsulo zolemera, nsomba zamadzi ndi nsomba zina. Ambiri okhala ndi aquariums akukulimbikitsani kuti musagule fyuluta yamtengo wapatali, koma kuti mukhale ndi eichornia. Hyacinth ndi yabwino ngati feteleza, chifukwa imakhala ndi mchere komanso mavitamini ambiri.
Mbali za kubzala ndi kukula
Eichornia ndi yabwino kwambiri - ndi chomera chodabwitsa kwambiri komanso chosafunika kwambiri, choncho ndi bwino kutenga njira yodalirika yolima ndi kusamalira. Hyacinth ya madzi ngati mitundu yokongoletsera ikhoza kukulirakulira mu dziwe kapena m'madzi a m'nyanja: zenizeni za ndondomekozi zimadalira nyengo zomwe zasankhidwa.
Mu dziwe
Pamene mukukula eichornia mu dziwe, ntchito yaikulu idzakhala yopanga zinthu zomwe zidzakhala pafupi ndi chilengedwe chake. Amakhala ofunda kwambiri, olemera mu zinthu zakuthupi ndi mavitamini. Zingakhale bwino kuwonjezera humus, pansi pansi sludge kapena kompositi. Chikhalidwe ichi chimatha kuwononga zinthu mofulumira, choncho sichiwopsyeza njira zosiyanasiyana zopweteka zomwe zimapezeka m'nyanja. Ndicho chifukwa chake simungathe kutsuka malo osungirako masana musanafike. Ngati pali mwayi, ndiye kuti madzi ayenera kusankhidwa ndi mphamvu yamchere, koma izi sizofunikira. Chikhalidwe chofunika kuti mukhale ndi hyacinth ya madzi ndi kutentha kwa madzi ndi chilengedwe. Chowonadi ndi chakuti chikhalidwe cha kunyumba chimayamba pa + 24-30 ° C. Mbewu imakonda dzuwa ndipo imafuna kuunikira nthawizonse. Kubzala kumakhala koyenera kuyambira May ndi June, kotero kuti hayacinth ikhoza kukhala pansi ndikukula mpaka kuzizira. Komanso, pa nthawi ino kutentha kwa dzuwa ndi kuwala. Eichornia ndi yabwino kwambiri ndipo imapangitsa kusintha kwa kutentha kumasintha, choncho chizindikiro ichi chiyenera kukhazikika.
Mu aquarium
Zomwe zili mu eichornia mumtambo wa aquarium zili ndi mbali zingapo. Kumbali imodzi, kutentha kumakhala kosavuta kulamulira, pali zida zambiri zamagetsi ndi zipangizo zomwe zimawotcha madzi m'nyanja ya aquarium, ngati kuli kofunikira. Mbali inayo, pali mavuto angapo mu mtundu uwu wa kulima. Choyamba, mphamvuyo iyenera kukhala yayitali, chifukwa mbewuyo idzayamba bwino ndipo idzafa chifukwa cha kusowa kwa malo. Chachiwiri, kuwala kofunikira kumafunika kwa hayacinth, ndipo imafuna zambiri. Akatswiri amalangiza nyali za fluorescent ndi mphamvu ya 3.2 Watts. Zidzakhalanso bwino kukonzeranso aquarium kuwindo lazenera, ndiye kuti chiweto chanu chidzasintha kwambiri.
Kuswana
Kutulutsa madzi a hyacinth kunyumba kumakhala kotheka komanso kosavuta. Akatswiri odziwa botanati amanena kuti njira imeneyi ndi yofanana ndi kubereka kwa strawberries. Chomeracho chimakhala ndi mwana wamkazi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti eichornia ikhoza kubzala vegetatively. Ndondomeko yofananayi imapezeka pamtunda waukulu kwambiri - zomera zatsopano zoposa 100 zikhoza kuwoneka mkati mwa mwezi. Masamba ochepa atangobonekera mwa mwana wamkazi, amatha kutulutsidwa bwino kuchokera ku hayacinthiti yaikulu.
Mukudziwa? Eichornia ndi yabwino - pafupifupi maluwa onse, osayenera osati kukonza madzi ndi malo okongola. M'mayiko omwe ali ndi nyengo yoyenera, posachedwapa ayamba kukula mowa kwambiri ngati saladi komanso kupanga mafuta.Maluwa awa akhoza kuchuluka ndi mbewu. Zoona, pali chinthu chimodzi: chinthu chonsecho ndi choti kukonzekera kwa mbewu ndi kukonzekera kuti kubzala kutentha kwa 35 ° C kumafunika, choncho njirayi ndi yotheka, koma imafuna kutenthedwa m'nyumba. Mbewu - mawonekedwe osapindulitsa kwambiri.
Chisamaliro
Mukasamalira mbewu, m'pofunikira kusunga kutentha kwabwino (kuyambira 24 ° С). M'dera la 10-20 ° C, chomeracho sichitha pachimake, koma "chidzakhala". Kwa eichornia mumafunika tsiku lowala kwa maola 14.
Pakukula pakhomo, madzi a hyacinth amafunanso kudulira kawirikawiri. Makamaka amaiwala za aquarium, mwinamwake nsomba sizigwirizana ndi chomera.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kuteteza kubereka kwa eichhornia, msangamsanga pamene chomera chikuyamba kutulutsa mphukira, ayenera kuchotsedwa. Ndizo muyenera kutero valani magolovesi chifukwa madzi a hyacinth angayambitse chifuwa ndi kukwiya ngati akukhudzana ndi khungu.Ngakhale kudula mapesi akufa a masamba m'chilimwe. Kufunika kwa izi kumawoneka bwino, chifukwa iwo amakhala opusa ndipo amakhala mdima wachabechabe. Chomeracho chikuwopa mantha, kotero chiyenera kutetezedwa motere. Pofuna kuteteza hayacinth, ndi bwino kubzala iris kapena msika pafupi nawo. Pachifukwa ichi, ambiri omwe akuyimira malire a madziwa ndi abwino, kupatulapo maluwa okha.
Ngati eichornia yaikulu ikukula mofulumira kwambiri, ndiye tchire lake liyenera kukhala lopangidwa mobwerezabwereza kuti pakhale mtunda wa pakati pawo. Podziwa kuti chomeracho chakhala "chopanda moyo", mwamsanga mwamsanga, perekani ndi kuwala koonjezera ndi mpweya. 
Zima
Hyacinth ya madzi ndi yowala kwambiri komanso imakhala yotentha, kotero kuti nyengo yozizira imakhala yovuta kwambiri. Panthawi imeneyi, amafunikira chisamaliro chapadera, chomwe chili ndi zotsatirazi:
- pamene kutentha kumatsikira pansi + 15 ° C, chomera chochokera ku dziwechi chiyenera kuikidwa mu chidebe ndi madzi "amwenye" ndipo chimalowetsedwa m'chipinda;
- perekani kuwunikira kwina (maola 10 osachepera pa tsiku);
- yang'anani kutentha kwabwino kwa madzi, zomwe ziyenera kukhala pamwamba pa 20 ° С;
- kuteteza mpweya wochuluka wokwanira;
- chitetezeni chomera kuchokera pazithunzi;
- ikani hyacinth pa mphete;
- Kutonthoza mpweya m'chipinda;
- Sungani chomera, monga nthawi yachisanu mchere ndizofunikira kwambiri.
Chidebe ndi aihorniya chiyenera kupezeka pamtunda wotalikirana ndi malo otentha kuti asamawume. Musaphimbe chidebe ndi chomera kapena kuchotsani m'madzi. Ndi chakupha kwa eichornia.
Tsatirani malamulowa, ndipo poyambira pore yotentha, madzi a hyacinth akhoza kubwereranso m'nyanja yamaluwa.
Mudzakhalanso wokondwa kuphunzira za kulima kansalu ya hyacinth.
Kugwiritsa ntchito popanga malo
Ndizokongola ndi zokongola, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo okongola. Chikumbutso ichi cha madzi otentha America ndi otentha chimakhala chofala pa zochitika za dziko lonse m'mayiko onse. Mitundu yokongola ndi maonekedwe abwino a hyacinth mu dziwe idzakhala yabwino kuwonjezera pa munda. M'nyanja yamchere, zomerazo zidzakhala malo okongola, zomwe zidzakhala zogwirizana ndi nsomba zokongola ndi zipolopolo. Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi zonse munthu wokhala mu gombe lanu ndikuchepetsanso kukula kwake kuti hayacinth isakhale yambiri. Lembani bwino eichornia kukhala chomera chofunika ndipo chonde diso lanu!
