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Froberries

Strawberry Black Prince: kufotokoza, zizindikiro zokula

Fans amalima strawberries awo mwachidziwitso amagwirizana ndi zosiyana zake, osati kutaya chidziŵitso cha mitundu yonse ya zatsopano.

Strawberry "Black Prince", ndipo tsopano tilongosola malongosoledwe a mitundu yosiyanasiyanayi, ikufalikira mofulumira pakati pa anthu a chilimwe ndi ogwiritsa ntchito nthaka - choncho, tikufuna kuti tipeze chidwi kwambiri. Poyambirira - pang'ono mwa mawu omveka.

Kufotokozera

Pansi pa "sitiroberi" akatswiri amamvetsetsa zowonongeka ndi zokolola zosaoneka bwino (zooneka ngati zoyera) zipatso zokoma, zomwe zimakula makamaka m'madera osasunthika a chilengedwe - osayitanitsa "ku minda yotukuka ndi minda ya masamba chifukwa cha fruiting yofooka zipatso zochepa.

Chomwe chimakulira m'nyumba zazing'ono ndi pakhomo, kuphatikizapo "Black Prince", ndizopangidwa kwathunthu munda wa sitiroberi mitundu, yomwe imaperekedwa kwa inu.

Mukudziwa? Sitiroberi (tidzagwiritsabe ntchito dzina lodziwika bwino) tinkatchedwa "Black Prince" ndi a Italians ochokera ku New Fruit Company omwe adalandira izi mumzinda wa Cesena chifukwa cha mtundu wobiriwira wa zipatso zomwe zimawoneka zakuda mumthunzi kapena patali.

Makhalidwe apamwamba a chomera ndi awa:

  1. Zomera zazikulu, zokhala ndi masamba ambirimbiri okhala ndi mitsuko yamtundu wambiri.
  2. Masamba ofiirira a masamba obiriwira omwe ali ndi masamba akuluakulu ndi aang'ono a gulu la makwinya.
  3. Chochititsa chidwi pansi pa nthaka (muzu) gawo.
  4. Kusinthasintha kwabwino kwa kutentha kwa zero ndi kukana matenda.
  5. Large (mpaka 50 g) conical, zipatso zokoma kwambiri (popanda voids mkati).
  6. Ambiri oyambirira ndi apamwamba (mpaka matani 30 pa hekita kuchokera chaka chachiwiri) zokolola, zomwe zimangowonjezereka.

Zizindikiro ndi kusiyana kwa mitundu ina

Kuphatikizana ndi zinthu zochititsa chidwi kwambiri (zomwezo ndi kusiyana kwake) mu mawonekedwe a kukula kwa chipatso, ziyenera kuwonetsa, mwinamwake, zotsatirazi:

  • tchire ku kukula kuposa mitundu yonse ya strawberries;
  • kuwonjezeka pachaka fruiting nthawi;
  • Kusatha (mpaka zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri kapena kupitirira) kukula sikumachepetsa zokolola ndi kukula kwa chipatso, koma kumachepetsa chiwerengero cha ndevu zowonjezereka;
  • kutalika kwa mphukira zolunjika, kuphatikizapo mapangidwe apamwamba a zipatso zakupsa, zimapereka mpata wokolola;
  • kufanana, kukula, zipatso, kuwongolera;
  • kuwonjezeka, mwa kukula kwa kutalika ndi zipatso zosungika zomwe zimakhala zokolola, zowonongeka.

Ndikufuna kunena zokhazokha, koma kuti zitsimikizidwe ziyenera kutchulidwa kuti:

  • Nyerere zing'onozing'ono zimachepetsa kukula kwa zokolola;
  • "Black Prince" salola chilala;
  • mizu imayamba kuwonongeka mofulumira pa dothi lolemera - ngakhale ngalande yowona bwino sichisunga (ndipo sichikuthandizira ku chipulumutso chabwino chomera);
  • Zimangowonongeka mosavuta ndi sitiroberi mite, ndipo m'dzinja nthawi imatha kugwidwa ndi matenda.

Tikufika

Zomwe zimafunika kubzala zisanakhale izi:

  1. Malowa ayenera kukhala otseguka dzuwa ndipo atsekedwa kuchokera kutuluka kwa mphepo kuchokera kumpoto.
  2. Kukhalapo kwa madzi pansi sikuloledwa kupitirira 0,6 mamita kuchokera pansi (ndi kutsimikizira kuti mizu yavunda, ndibwino kuti mlingo wawo uli pansi pa malire).
  3. Pofuna kukhala ndi "Black Prince" simukuvomerezeka kumadera otsika ndi otsetsereka (malo otsetsereka a pamwamba sakuwerengera).
  4. Mitengo yambiri yamadambo, malo owala ndi mchenga amakonda. Dongo losayenera, peat, silt. Chernozem amafuna kuwonjezera mchenga.
  5. Mbewu zapitazo ndi mbewu zabwino, nyemba, kaloti ndi anyezi. Mazira, kabichi, mbatata, tomato si abwino. N'zotheka kulemeretsa nthaka ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda poyambitsa kubzala.
  6. Malinga ndi acidity, dothi liyenera kukhala lopanda malire kapena lopanda malire - ufa wa dolomite (0,3 makilogalamu pa 1 sq. M) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuimika.
  7. Pa nthawi yokonzekera (masiku 20-30 musanadzalemo), nthaka imamera ndi manyowa owonongeka (5 malita pa 1 sq. M) kapena ndi humus, ndipo kuchokera pamenepo, pakumba, mbeu zotsalira zimachotsedwa.

Kufika masiku kungadalire ndi nyengo. M'madera ozizira, amasankha kuchita zimenezi kumayambiriro kwa kugwa.

Kumene kuli kutentha kwakukulu kwa chilimwe, kubzala kudzachitika mu April-May. Makhalidwewa ndi ochepa (chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa zobiriwira) - 40 x 50 cm.

Zochita zamagetsi zikuwoneka ngati izi.:

  1. Thirani mabowo ndi madzi, 0,5 malita aliyense.
  2. Kufalitsa mizu ya mbande.
  3. Kufika pamtunda, komwe mtima udzakhala wapamwamba kwambiri (mpaka 2 cm) nthaka.
  4. Nthaka yozungulira (kuzungulira mbeu iliyonse) ndi kuthirira koyamba.
  5. Udzu wothira udzu ndi udzu watsopano pambuyo pake.

Kuswana

Pali njira zitatu zoberekera "Black Prince":

  1. Kubzala mbewu.
  2. Usa.
  3. Kusiyana kwa chitsamba.
Taganizirani zochitika ziwiri zoyambirira, chifukwa ndizofala kwambiri.

Mbewu

Mbewu za Strawberry zimabzalidwa, monga lamulo, ndi odziwa bwino wamaluwa, omwe ziyeneretso zawo ndi zopanda kukayika.

Njirayi ndi yovuta, imafuna kupirira ndi kuleza mtima. Ndibwino kwa anthu okhala m'nyengo ya chilimwe omwe amayesetsa kudziwa bwino kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka - njira yabwino yopanga luso mu bizinesi ili ndivuta kupereka.

Ndikofunikira! Musakhale aulesi kuti muwerenge mndandanda wa obala mbewu - mutagula mbewu mu matumba ochokera kwa anthu otchuka, mukhoza kuyembekezera zotsatira zabwino popanda kuda nkhawa.

Ngati mulibe chidziwitso chochepa, ndibwino kuti muyambe kuthira mbewuzo mu njira ya "Epin" (nkotheka pa cotton pads - kuthamanga mwamsanga).

Koma mutatha, mutapanga masitala omwe amadzidalira okha, mwamsanga muwabzala mumtunda wokonzedwa bwino (mofanana ndi masamba obiriwira, munda wa mchenga ndi mchenga wa mtsinje), omwe amapangidwa, ndi masentimita asanu, osachepera masentimita asanu. Mbewu ikabzalidwa mu chonyowa grooves, kuwawaza pamwamba ndi woonda dziko lapansi wosanjikiza.

Masabata 1.5-2 otsatira sudzafunikanso khama: mutatha kukonza chidebe chodzala ndi galasi m'chipinda, muyenera kuthira nthawi zonse, kutsanulira madzi mu poto, ndi kuwomba, zomwe muyenera kuyeretsa galasi kwa kanthawi.

Pambuyo pake, mbewu zimayamba kuwuka, ndipo mumazisuntha pafupi ndi dzuwa.

Zomwe zili pamasitepe awiri otsatirawa ndi kukhala pansi mbande pamtunda wosiyana, kukula kwake komwe kumawonekera ndi masamba omwe akutuluka:

  • pakubwera kwa nthawi yoyamba pakati pa zomera zimapangidwa ndi 2-3 cm;
  • ndi masamba a 4-5 makope, mapakati ake akuwonjezeka kufika 5 masentimita.

Ndikofunikira! Ndibwino kuti nsonga ya mizu ikhale yayifupi pokhapokha atayikidwa. - idzafulumizitsa njira yakukula.

Ngati zomwe mwasankhazo zikuwoneka ngati zovuta kwambiri kwa inu, ndiye zowonjezerani mwa kubzala nyemba m'mapiritsi a peat (pali malo apadera a izi) - ndiye muyenera kuchita kuti mutha kuwonjezera madzi poto, chifukwa mapiritsiwo ndiwo magwero a zakudya. Timakuganizirani ku chinthu china chofunika kwambiri - musanalowetse sitiroberi pokhapokha, muyenera kuyipsetsa pang'ono, "kuphunzitsidwa" kunyumba, kuika patsogolo pazenera pafupi ndi mpweya wotseguka ndi April mpweya ndikuyendetsa pa khonde, kuonjezera nthawi yowonjezera nthawi (kuyambira kotha lapita ola limodzi).

Usa

Monga tanenera kale, zakuthupi zooneka ngati masharubu mu "Black Prince" sizinapindule. Komanso, izi ndizochepa ndipo zimapangidwa kokha zaka zitatu zoyambirira za moyo wa chomera.

Koma kuphweka kwa njirayi kumangokhalira kukopa wamaluwa kuti agwiritse ntchito.

Pali zochitika izi:

  1. Kudziwonetsera nokha, chifukwa cha kufufuza kozama, kupezeka kwa masharubu pamtunda ndi achinyamata a rosettes, mutha kusiyanitsa iwo amene ali opambana pa chitukuko chawo.
  2. Pogwirizanitsa zitsulo zamiphika ndi pulasitiki (pulasitiki kapena peat), mumathirira madzi ambiri.
  3. Pafupifupi patapita masiku awiri, pamene chingwecho chinali mizu yokwanira, ndipo masharubuwa anali odyetsedwa mokwanira ndi zinthu zofunikira, inu mumadula chingwe, mukusokoneza chakudya chake, ndikuchima kumalo atsopano, ndikupatsanso madzi okwanira ambiri.
Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kukula kwa strawberries komwe kunabzalidwa motere sikudzakhalanso nthawi yayitali.

Chisamaliro

Zidzakhala zabwino ngati udzu wouluka m'mabedi umakula paokha, ndipo tikhoza kuyandikira pokhapokha nthawi yokolola zipatso. Musalowe mu maloto - muyenera kupita ku malamulo a chisamaliro cha "Black Prince".

Kuthirira

Tsiku lirilonse liyenera kuthiriridwa pa nthawi yobzala ndi nyengo.

Pamene mawu a fruiting amabwera, zinthu zidzasintha - panopa ndikufunikira kugwiritsa ntchito 1-2 deciliters of water pa mita imodzi ya nthaka yokha, kuthirira tchire kamodzi pa sabata.

Ndikofunikira! Kuthira mowa kwambiri panthawiyi kuwonjezera madzi a zipatso - iwo sadzakhala oyenera kudya ndi kusungirako.

Njira zothirira zimagwiritsa ntchito mosiyana (kukonkha, ulimi wothirira podkorennoy), koma yabwino imaganiziridwa kuti idzaza nthaka ndi chinyezi mwa kudzaza pakati pa mizere ya grooves. Zabwino ndizo:

  • madzi a kutentha kwa madigiri 20 (gwiritsani ntchito dacha tank kuyaka ndi dzuwa);
  • nthawi yamadzulo ya njira yothirira ulimi;
  • Kutsekemera kwachitsulo kutsitsa kwa nthaka kuti mizu isasiyidwe popanda mpweya chifukwa cha mapangidwe osakwanira;
  • mabedi a mulching - pofuna kusungira madzi, ndiye kuti nthawi zambiri simudzamasula nthaka.

Kupaka pamwamba

Malamulo akuluakulu odyetsera strawberries:

  1. Kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu iwiri ya kudyetsa - mizu (kuthirira) ndi foliar (kukonkha ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwala).
  2. Kupanda klorini pamwamba pa kuvala pamwamba.
  3. Zosakaniza (popanda madzi pazowonjezera) kuthirira tchire kwa theka la ola musanadyetse.
  4. Kuti masamba apulumuke, chithandizo chamagulu awo ndi chofunikira kwambiri, chomwe chimayambitsa zakudya.

Kubwezera nthawi kumagawidwa motere:

  1. Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo (pamaso pa kukula nyengo) - ammonium nitrate kapena urea (kufika 20 g / decaliter) mwanjira iliyonse.
  2. Mapangidwe a masamba ndi kuyamba kwa maluwa ndi superphosphate (40 g pa sq. M.) Njira ya foliar.
  3. Zipatso zakucha - mchere wovuta feteleza ("Agricola", "Berry" malinga ndi malangizo).
Kwa omwe sakonda mankhwala, zimalimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti azikhala ndi dzuwa (1 mpaka 4) zowonongeka kwa dzuwa kwa sabata, zomwe zimapindulitsika kwambiri musanagwiritsidwe ntchito pa chiwerengero cha 1:10, njira imodzi yomwe imakhala ndi masamba a nettle (1: 2) ), tsiku lopukutidwa kulowetsedwa kwa nkhuni phulusa (50 g / l) - chida chomaliza chimachokera potash ndi feteleza phosphate.

Kusamalidwa posachedwa

Kololani "Black Prince" amasonkhana m'mawa, atayanika mame. Kusiyana pakati pa milandu - masiku atatu.

Ndikofunikira! Musamatsutse pambuyo pa mvula, ndiyeno mutenge zipatso zotchedwa limp zomwe sizidya kapena kusunga.

Koma kukolola kusamalira "ana achifumu" sikokhazikika. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, ndizofunika kuti pakhale chisamaliro chapadera kwa "Black Prince" pofuna kusunga shrub lonse ndikupanga maziko oti azikolola bwino nyengo yotsatira.

Nazi zomwe muyenera kuchita:

  1. Chotsani mulch wammbuyo; ndiye mosamala kotero kuti palibe masamba otsalira, udzu udzu.
  2. Spud zomera ndi kulimbikitsa nthaka (amafuna vermicompost kapena humus).
  3. Dutsani kanjira.
  4. Kuchita kuthirira kumapeto kwa nthawi yokolola (malita imodzi ndi theka la madzi pa chitsamba).

Ponena za ulimi wothirira, chinthu chimodzi sichitha: Kuganizira nyengo (ngati mpweya sali wandiweyani), m'pofunika kuti mupitirizebe, kuchita chimodzi kapena awiri sabata iliyonse, ndikupewa matenda, mabedi amathiridwanso ndi njira yowonongeka ya manganese (kawiri, osati zambiri).

Monga gawo la chisamaliro cha tchire okha, nkofunikira kuchotsa ndevu zomwe zikuwonekera, popanda kukhudza masamba a masamba obiriwira - maziko a tsogolo lambiri lambiri. Onaninso kuti mizu ili pansi ponseponse.

Pambuyo posonkhanitsa zipatso, feteleza yowonjezera ndi mchere wambiri imayambitsidwanso, koma popanda nayitrogeni, monga momwe zinaliri pakubzala zipatso.

Zidzakhala zofunikira kutsirizitsa nyengo yomwe idali kale kumapeto kwa autumn, ataphimba mabedi ndi strawberries ndi zonunkhira (pine) kapena spunbond, kuti kutentha kusungidwe mwanjirayi sikulole mizu kuti ikhale yozizira m'nyengo yozizira.

Mukudziwa? Strawberry (sitiroberi) zipatso ku Russia mwamsanga atangotchula - Polovnitsa, grublyanka, sunitsa, Victoria (chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya French), koma njira yolondola - munda wa strawberries.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Kuphatikiza pa zomwe tatchulidwa pamwambapa sitiroberi mite ndi zoyera-bulauni malo, izi zosiyanasiyana sitiroberi zimakhala zovuta kuti ziwonongeke.

Mawonetseredwe a zovuta zonsezi ayenera kumenyana mosiyana:

  1. Amapereka nkhuku pochitira zomera ndi karbofos (ikhoza kukhala sulfure), kufalitsa magalamu 8 a mankhwala mu 10 malita a madzi. Ngati chilonda chafika pa kukula kwakukulu, ndiye kuti mlingo wawonjezeka ndi 15%.
  2. Mabala amachotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito Antracol kapena Ridomyl Gold (mlingo, motsatira, 15 ndi 25 g pa 10 l). Zimatha kupezeka chifukwa cha mankhwala opatsirana (2-3 nthawi) ndi Bordeaux madzi.
  3. Verticillosis imachiritsidwa pokhapokha ngati pali vuto lachilombo, 0.2% "Readzol" (10 g pa 10 l) amagwiritsidwa ntchito, nthawi zina, zomera zowonongeka zimawonongedwa. Kupewa kumaphatikizapo kudula mizu ndi "Agat 25K" kapena "Phumasi YAMUMBA" (7 ndi 15 g pa 10 l) musanayambe kutuluka.
Potsirizira pake, ndimanyenga, koma sikokwanira, amangotenga ndi manja awo.

Ngati kulimbana kwakukulu, ndiye kupopedwa ndi limodzi mwa magawo awiri a yankho:

  • adyo - phala la madzi 0,2 l wa adyo madzi, anyezi womwewo ndi 0.15 l - dandelion;
  • sopo 6% - 60 g / l.

Pali vuto linalake lokhudza kulima "Black Prince". Koma zabwino kwambiri ndiye zotsatira! Choncho musakhale aulesi - mutenge kukoma kokoma ndi mtendere wa m'maganizo, ndipo ngati mutayika kulowa mumsika, mudzakhalanso ndi phindu lalikulu.

Nkhani Yosangalatsa