Araucaria - chisamaliro ndi kubereka kunyumba, mitundu yazithunzi

Araucaria (Araucaria) ndi mtengo wolumikizana kuchokera ku banja la Araucariaceae. Zoyambira zaka 200 miliyoni zapitazo, zimatengedwa kuti ndi zamoyo zakale.. Ili ponseponse m'chilengedwe ku South America, Africa, ndi Crimea, ndipo kwawo kwa Araucaria ndi Norfolk Island, yomwe ili ku Pacific Ocean pakati pa New Zealand ndi Australia.

Mwachilengedwe, mtengo wobiriwira nthawi zonse umakula mpaka mamita 55. Nthambi zake zosadetsa zimakutidwa ndi singano zobiriwira zowala zonunkhira bwino. Araucaria ndi mtengo wocheperako womwe umatha kubzala kunyumba. Kunyumba, imatha kukhala ndi zaka 10, ikukula pafupifupi 20 cm pachaka.

Indara ya araucaria sinafikiranso kuposa mamita 2. Monga ma conifers onse, mbewuyo imachita pachimake, koma imapanga zipatso zowuluka, zofanana ndi mtedza waukulu.

Onetsetsani kuti mwatchera khutu ku mbewu zabwino monga livistona ndi raby ficus.

Zothandiza pa araucaria

Araucaria ndi mbewu yomwe imalimbitsa mphamvu. Kugwiritsa ntchito luso la eni ake, mkati mwake zimathandiza kukulitsa. Mtengowu umakhudza zochitika zama psychophysical komanso zam'mabanja: zimachulukitsa kukakamiza, zimalimbikitsa kulingalira, zimawonjezera zochitika. Maselo a Araucaria amapanga zinthu zamagetsi zomwe zimayeretsa mpweya wa majeremusi ndi poizoni, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu. Mtengowo ndi wobwezeretsa zachilengedwe.

Kusamalira araucaria kunyumba. Mwachidule

Araucaria kunyumba, mosiyana ndi ma conifers ena, amakula popanda mavuto. Koma munthu ayenera kudziwa zomwe amakonda mmera: izi zithandiza kupewa zovuta zomwe zingachitike:

Kusamalira araucaria kunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Araucaria kunyumba imakula bwino ngati itapangidwa bwino.

Maluwa

Ma Gymnosperm amasiyana ndi ena oimira maluwa.

Maluwa awo, omwe si maluwa wamba, koma "mphete" kapena ma cones, amakhalanso oyamba.

Zomera zachikulire zokha zomwe zimatha maluwa. Mwachilengedwe, ma cones akuluakulu amapangira iwo, omwe kulemera kwake kumatha kufika kuposa 2 kg.

Araucaria sikhala pachimake m'nyumba.

Njira yotentha

Kwa conifers, ndikofunikira kwambiri kunyumba kuti azitsatira kutentha kwa boma. Homestade araucaria m'chilimwe iyenera kusungidwa pa + 23 ° C, ndipo nthawi yozizira - pa + 18 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, kuzizira kumafunikira kuti muchepetse kubzala kwa mtengo wa Khrisimasi ndikuwapatsa mwayi wopeza mphamvu.

Zambiri pamtunda wokulirapo zimachepetsa mtengowo, chifukwa araucaria sangapume, koma apitiliza kukulira.

Kuwaza

Kuti chomera cha araucaria chikhale bwino pakhomo, chinyezi mchipindacho chikuyenera kukhala pamwamba pa 50%. Kuti muchite izi, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi madzi ofewa kumachitika mpaka katatu patsiku. Gwiritsani ntchito zida zomwe zimanyowetsa mpweya. Mtengowo suyenera kuyikidwa pafupi ndi batri lophatikizidwa. Kutentha ndi mpweya wouma zidzatsogolera ku imfa yake.

Kuwala

Kuti apange korona wokongola komanso chitukuko chogwirizana, chomera chimafunikira kuunikira kwathunthu. Araucaria imatha kumera pang'ono, koma masamba abwino owala bwino.

Nthawi ndi nthawi, mtengowo umafunika kutembenuzidwira mbali ina kapena mbali inayo, ndiye umakula bwino ndikuwoneka wokongola.

Kuthirira

Iyenera kuonetsetsa kuti dothi limakhala lonyowa nthawi zonse.

Chifukwa chake, samalani araucaria kunyumba nthawi yozizira imalimbikitsa kuthirira kamodzi masabata 1.5, ndipo nthawi yotentha - kawiri m'masiku 7.

Madzi ndi madzi ofunda ofunda. Onetsetsani kuti madzi sakukwana poto.

Kuti dothi lisanyowe, limayalidwa ndi gawo la coconut kapena moss.

Mphika wa Araucaria

Mukamasankha poto ya araucaria, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti zochepa zomwe zimachepetsa kukula kwa mbewuyo. Mmenemo, araucaria imakula pang'onopang'ono. Mukatenga gawo lalikulu, mtengowo umatambasuka ndipo umakhala wofooka. Dongosolo lalikulu la maluwa, kutalika kwake osaposa 0.25 m, limawonedwa kuti ndi labwino. Pakhale malo okwanira osanjikiza madzi mkati mwake, ndikutsitsa mabowo pansi.

Dothi

Araucaria amafunika gawo lokhazika mtima pansi. Nutrient pang'ono acidic (pH 5.3 - 6.2) nthaka ndiyabwino kwa iye. Mutha kupanga nokha osakaniza mwakutenga mbali ziwiri za perlite, peat ndi tsamba pamtunda pa gawo limodzi la malovu. Mutha kugula dothi lopangidwa kale chifukwa cha ma conifers kapena gawo lina la chilengedwe cham'madzi ndikuwasakaniza ndi gawo lapansi la azalea ndi rhododendron. Ma singano opatsika, makala opera, sphagnum wosenda, mipira ya polystyrene kapena tchipisi ta njerwa amaonjezerapo zosakanikirana ndi dothi.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Kuti araucaria ikulire bwino ndikukula mtengo wamphamvu, kuthira umuna ndi umuna ndizofunikira. M'nyengo yachilimwe komanso yachilimwe, imadyetsedwa kamodzi masiku 14. Mukathirira, 2-pindani yothira feteleza waponseponse wazomera zamkati imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mtengowo uzilandira kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu ndi phosphorous; Calcium imaperekedwa muyezo wocheperako: amalepheretsa kukula kwa mtengo. M'nyengo yozizira, araucaria akapumula, samadyetsedwa.

Thirani

Ma araucaria achichepere amawonjezedwa chaka chilichonse. Conifers silivomereza kupatsidwa zina, kotero kupatsidwa kwa Araucaria okhwima ikuchitika mokhazikika, zaka 3.5 zilizonse.

Pofika pano, mizu imaphimba dothi. Kuika kuyenera kulowedwa ndi kusinthasintha kuti muthandize mtengo kuthana ndi kupsinjika.

M'minda yayikulu, dothi lapamwamba limatsitsimutsidwa, pomwe mphamvu sizisinthidwe. Mizu ya araucaria imakonda kwambiri zovuta zilizonse, kuti azisunge, amasunga dothi lakale pamizu. Khosi losazika mizu singathe kuzama: mtengo umasiya kaye kukula, kenako nkufa.

Pambuyo pakuwonjezera, araucaria amafunika kuthandizidwa. Kwa masiku angapo amawaika m'malo otetezeka, omwe nthawi zambiri amawaza. Pambuyo masiku 14, amadyetsa.

Kudulira araucaria

Kudulira kumachitika kuti muchotse nthambi zowonongeka kapena zoyipa. Njirayi imathandizira kuti mbewuyo ikhale yokongoletsa. Koma nthawi zina kudulira araucaria kumatha kuvulaza kwambiri. Izi zimachitika ngati pamwamba kudulidwa. Popanda gawo lakumwambalo, araucaria imaletsa kukula ndikusintha kukhala mtengo woyipa.

Nthawi yopumula

Mukugwa, araucaria amayamba kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu: amachepetsa kuthirira ndi kuvala pamwamba. Pofika nyengo yachisanu, nyengo yazomera imayamba. Araucaria iyenera kuziziridwa panthawiyi. Ngati matenthedwe sangathe kutsikira + 15 - 18 ° C, kupopera mbewu kumatha. Madzi ochepa, pafupifupi kamodzi masiku 10. Kuwala kwakukulu sikumachepetsedwa. Kudyetsa nkoletsedwa.

Kodi ndizotheka kuchoka ku araucaria popanda kusiya tchuthi?

Kusiya chilimwe kwa masabata awiri, machitidwe othilira okha otha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito luso lothira dothi kudzera mu nsalu. Chovala chamafuta chimayikidwa paphapo, ndipo nsalu yofewa, yowunyinyika ikapindidwa kangapo. Mphika umayikidwa pamwamba ndi araucaria wamadzi. Mapeto a minofuyo amatsitsidwa ndikusungidwa ndi beseni lalikulu ndi madzi. Njirayi sidzangothandiza kuti nthaka ikhale chinyezi kwa milungu itatu, komanso kupukusa mpweya.

Ngati mungaganize zopita kutchuthi nthawi yozizira, mutha kuyika chinkhupule chonyowa mumphika ndi araucaria. Njirayi ikuthandizira kuti nthaka ikhale chinyezi kwa masiku 10. Mulimonsemo, ndikofunikira kufunsa achibale kuti azisamalira mbewuyo, chifukwa popanda kuthirira komanso kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, araucaria amatha kufa.

Kubwezeretsa kwa Araucaria

Kubwezeretsanso kwa araucaria kumachitika mchilimwe ndi mbewu kapena kudulidwa komwe kumatenga kuchokera pamwamba.

Kukula Araucaria kuchokera ku mbewu

Njirayi ndi yayitali. Zomera zimamera pang'ono, zimamera kwa nthawi yayitali. Mbeu zatsopano zimabzalidwa m'nthaka yonyowa. Zomwe muli ndi mbande zimayikidwa pamalo otentha. Mbande zikubwera zimafunika chisamaliro mosamala: ziyenera kuthiriridwa madzi nthawi zambiri, simungathe kuyika dzuwa. Zomera zamphamvu zolimbirana amazika nazo mumiphika ndipo zimakhala zomera zazikulu.

Kufalikira kwa araucaria ndi odulidwa

Gulani m'chilimwe pa kutentha osachepera + 23 ° C. Zomera zokongola kwambiri zimapezeka kuchokera ku mizu yodula apical. Ndikupanga mpeni kudula chidutswa chapakati cha nthambi. Pukutsani chidutswa kuchokera ku msuzi ndikuwaphira malasha. Wodula umabzalidwa mu dothi lonyowa, wokutidwa ndi kanema (amachotsera ulimi wothirira komanso mpweya wabwino). Pakuyamba kwa dzinja, thunthu lozika mizu limalowetsedwa muchidebe chachikulu.

Mizu yodzala ya conifers imachitika nyengo yofunda. Kuti muchepetse mizu, zopangira mizu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Ngati simupanga mbewu yabwino, itha kuthana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo. Izi zikufotokozedwa bwino ndi zomwe zizindikirazo:

• singano za araucaria zimatembenuka chikasu ndikugwa - kuchepa kwanyontho, mpweya wouma mchipindamo (sinthani kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa);
• woonda, wamtali-mphukira - kuchepa kwa michere (chakudya);
• araucaria ikukula pang'onopang'ono - zophatikiza kashiamu kwambiri m'nthaka (kukonza mavalidwe apamwamba pomwonjezera mlingo wa potaziyamu ndi phosphorous);
• utoto wamitundu ya singano za araucaria - Kusowa kwa kuwala (konzanso m'malo opepuka).

Araucaria imatha kudwala mealybug, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, kachilombo ka mizu, nsabwe za m'masamba. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amagwiritsidwa ntchito motsutsana nawo.

Mitundu ya araucaria yakunyumba yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Mu chilengedwe, pali mitundu 18 ya araucaria. Ena mwa iwo amasinthasintha zochitika zakunyumba.

Variegated Araucaria (Araucaria heterophylla, Araucaria excelsa)

Mtengo wobiriwira nthawi zonse wokhala ndi korona wa piramidi. Zomera zokhwima, thunthuyu alibe theka. Makungwa amdima akuda. Masingano obiriwira obiliwira afupifupi okhala ndi maupangiri omwe ali osavuta kukhudza.

Araucaria-loved, kapena Brazil (Araucaria brasiliensis)

Mtengo wolimba wobiriwira nthawi zonse wokhala ndi mphukira zopyapyala komanso singano zowala zazitali (mpaka masentimita 5).

Chithunzi cha Araucaria, kapena Cook Araucaria (Araucaria columnaris)

Mtengo wolimbirana wokutidwa ndi mphukira zazifupi womwe uli kumanja kwa thunthu. Amakhala ma cones, omwe kutalika kwake kumafika 100 mm.

Mawonekedwe okoma, singano zobiriwira zofewa komanso fungo la resinous ndi zina zachilendo za araucaria. Kukongola kotentha kumachiritsa mpweya, kumayambitsa mgwirizano komanso mzimu wambiri m'nyumba.