Kapsikum (tsabola wokongoletsera): ndibwino kuti muwonetsetse kuti "mukuwoneka" pawindo

Amayi amasiye amayesetsa kukonzekera malo okonzerako. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito kwa zomera zamkati, zomwe zili mu chipinda chino.

Ndibwino kuti musankhe chomera kuti zonse zikhale zabwino komanso zofunikira.

Njira yabwino yophikira - tsabola wokongoletsera. Zikuwoneka zosangalatsa kwambiri, makamaka pamene zipatso zikuwoneka. Zipatso zomwezo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuphika monga zokometsera zokometsera kwambiri.

Kuwonjezera apo, m'nyengo yozizira idzakhala chikumbutso chosangalatsa cha kutentha kwa chilimwe.

Malongosoledwe a zomera

Chomera, chomwe chimatchedwa "tsabola", sichiri cha tsabola. Chikhalidwe ichi ndi cha banja la bouillon ndipo ali ndi dzina lachiwiri "capsicum".

Banja lonenepa, monga capsicum, limaphatikizapo: tomato, mbatata, eggplant ndi sunberry.

Chikhalidwe chafala m'mayiko onse. Angamere pamalo otseguka komanso mumphika pamaluwa.

Chipinda chokongoletsera pepper - Chomera chosatha, m'nyumba ikhoza kukula ndi kubereka zipatso mpaka zaka 4-5. Amafalikira ndi mbewu ndi cuttings. Kutalika - 20-55 masentimita. Masambawa ndi owopsa, otalika kwambiri kapena ovundu, ovate. Mtundu umasinthasintha kuchokera ku kuwala mpaka kumdima wakuda. Mukhoza kupuntha mwakachetechete kapena m'magulu, maluwa nthawi zambiri amakhala oyera.

Mukudziwa? Kapsikum mu Chilatini amatanthauza "thumba." Mwachiwonekere, tsabola imatchulidwa motengera mawonekedwe a chipatsocho.

Zipatso zingakhale ndi mtundu wosiyana: chikasu, lalanje, wofiira, wofiirira. Komanso, mtundu wosiyana wa chipatso ukhoza kuchitika ngakhale kuti umawoneka pa chomera chomwecho, malingana ndi kucha. Komanso tsabolawo ndi osiyana (okhala ndi mapeto ovuta kapena omveka bwino, ozungulira, oval) ndi kukula (yaying'ono, yaying'ono, yayikulu - yotalika masentimita 5). Zonse zimadalira zosiyanasiyana.

Maluwa ndi fruiting sizingatheke panthawi. Pa chitsamba akhoza nthawi yomweyo maluwa, mwana zipatso, kucha tsabola. Chitsamba chimakula, monga lamulo, mochuluka kwambiri.

Kuwidwa mtima, kuyaka moto ndi zonunkhira kumapereka chipatso cha alkaloid capsaicin.

Ndikofunikira! Zimayambira ndi masamba a tsabola wokongoletsera ndi owopsa.

Mitundu yotchuka

Mitundu ya tsabola yokongoletsera yokongoletsedwa yokhazikika. Iwo amasiyana mu korona, masamba, mtundu ndi mawonekedwe a zipatso, nthawi ya fruiting, zozizwitsa za chisamaliro, ndi zina zotero.

Zaka chimodzi

Zambiri mitundu imatchedwanso chikatolika, tsabola, masamba, okoma (ngakhale mitundu ina ili lakuthwa). Zimasiyanitsa kuti pambuyo poyeretsa kapena kusonkhanitsa chipatso chomeracho chikhoza kuchepa. Osati a zaka zonse akuyembekeza tsogolo lotere. M'zinthu zam'chipinda, mitundu ina imatha kubereka zipatso zoposa chaka chimodzi. Mitengo imakhala yochepa, yaying'ono, 35-55 masentimita pamwamba. Zipatso zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana ndi mtundu malingana ndi zosiyanasiyana.

Tikukulangizani kuti mudziwe bwino tsabola ngati: "Habanero", "California miracle", "Kakadu", "Atlant", "Ox's ear", "Anastasia", "Orange miracle" ndi "Bogatyr".

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana:

• "Tepin";
• "Tsankho";
• "Kalonga waku Siberia";
• "Cherry Bomb";
• "Golden Baby" ndi ena.

Shrub

Shrub Mitunduyi imakhala yoyenera kwambiri m'nyumba zowonjezera: window window, loggia, khonde, etc. Izi ndi zomera zosatha. Iwo amakula bwino ndi kubala chipatso zaka 5-6.

Mitengo ndi yandiweyani, kuyambira 15 mpaka 45 cm pamwamba. Zipatso zambiri. Pa zipatso zochepa zazing'ono zingathe kukhala zipatso zokwana 50. Ziri zochepa, choncho mitundu ya shrub imatchedwanso ang'ono-fruited. Kawirikawiri anabzala mitundu yotentha yokometsera shrub tsabola:

• Carmen;
• Moni;
• "Mkwatibwi";
• "Mfumukazi ya Spades";
• "Moto".

Tsabola wa shrub imatchedwanso cayenne.

Berry

Mtundu umodzi wa tsabola wamkati umatchedwa mabulosi, kapena mabulosi basi. Amatchulidwa motero mwa mawonekedwe a zipatso zomwe sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndi mawonekedwe ophwanyika (nthawi zina amakumbukira scallops).

Zosangalatsa mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana "Crown's Crown", koma zokolola zake zambiri. M'nyumbamo mungathe kusonkhanitsa pafupifupi 20 peppercorns. Nthawi zambiri zimakula "Lemon Lollipop" ndi "White Crystal", kawirikawiri zimabereka zipatso. Kukoma kwa tsabola ndi kokoma, kununkhira mmenemo pang'ono.

Uku ndiko kuyang'ana kwakukulu kwambiri. Amakula mpaka masentimita 80, choncho nthawi zambiri nyumbayi siyikidwa pawindo, koma pansi pa loggia kapena khonde.

Chinese

Chinese chiwerengerocho n'chosazolowereka. Chomerachi ndi 50 cm wamtali, monga mitundu ina. Masamba ake ndi ovate, obiriwira, ochepa. Maluwa ndi oyera ndi zobiriwira.

Zipatso zimasiyanasiyana, nthawi zina zimatenga mawonekedwe a kuwala. Tsabola wa China ali ndi, mwina, zipatso zoopsa kwambiri.

Chosavuta ndi chakuti mitunduyi imakula pang'ono. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana:

• "Santa Lucia";
• "Chiyankhulo cha satana";
• "Yellow Yellow".

Pubescent

Pepper pubescent (kapena fluffy) wakula mwakuya, chifukwa ndi wamtali (mpaka mamita 3-4). Kulima mu nyumba ndizofunikira mitundu yokhayokha, mwachitsanzo, "Rokoto" (sizingafike).

Mitundu yonseyi, chitsamba chonse chimadzazidwa ndi pubescence. Ndipo osati zimayambira ndi masamba, koma ngakhale maluwa.

Ili ndi kukoma kwakukulu, imadyedwa yaiwisi.

Malo abwino kwambiri a tsabola

Ponena za kapriciousness ndi kudzichepetsa kwa tsabola yokongoletsera ndikusamalira kunyumba, malingaliro a okonda zomera zokongoletsa anagawidwa. Anthu ena amaganiza kuti n'zosavuta kusamalira mbewu, ena amanena kuti chomera ndi chopanda pake ndipo n'zovuta kusamalira.

Ndikofunikira! Pakati pa maluwa, tsabola iyenera kugwedezeka nthawi zambiri kuti iwonjezere zokolola.

Tiyeni timvetse mwatsatanetsatane zikhalidwe za ndende ndi zida za chisamaliro.

Chinyezi ndi kutentha

Tsabola ya chipinda ndi chomera chokonda kutentha. Idzakula bwino mu masika ndi chilimwe pafupifupi 25 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kumakhala kochepa: 15-18 ° C zidzakhala bwino kwa iye. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, amakonda usiku ndi usana madontho otentha, choncho m'chilimwe ndi bwino kusunga pa loggia kapena khonde. Chinyezi chimafuna moyenera. Perchik amakonda kusambira (zambiri pamapeto pake).

Kuunikira

Kusamalira tsabola chokongoletsera mu mphika kutsata kuunika ndikofunikira. Kuti mukhale ndi chitukuko chabwino ndi fruiting, muyenera kuyika chomera kumwera, kumwera-kumadzulo kapena kumadzulo.

Chikhalidwe chimakhala chachikondi kwambiri, mu nthawi ya masika ndi yophukira imafunikira mpaka maola 3-4 a dzuwa lotseguka. Pakangotha ​​maola 4 okha, mwinamwake amayaka zipatso ndi masamba. M'nyengo yozizira mumayenera pritenyat, chifukwa dzuwa limakhudza kwambiri. Ngati kuyatsa sikukwanira, ndiye kuti muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zolemba.

Popanda kuunikira, chitsamba n'chosavuta, pali masamba pang'ono; Kupatula, sipadzakhala kukolola bwino.

Chomera gawo

Kulima kumagwiritsidwa ntchito nthaka kumalo osalowerera ndale. Mukhoza kugula zokonzeka m'masitolo apadera, mukhoza kupanga chisakanizo chanu nokha.

Kwa tsabola, masamba osakaniza, tsamba la humus ndi mchenga mu chiŵerengero cha 2: 2: 1.

Mukudziwa? Mu botani, zipatso za capsicum zimatchedwa zipatso.

Kubzala mbewu ndi kumtumikizanitsa

Kawirikawiri, chomeracho chimakula kuchokera ku mbewu, komabe n'zotheka kuphatikizapo.

Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu

Kukula tsabola kumbewu, nkofunika kugula mbewu, kukonzekera chidebe ndi nthaka, mbewu zamasamba, kuyembekezera kumera ndi kuwasamalira bwino.

Tsabola ayenera kubzala mu February.

Pali njira ziwiri zowonjezera tsabola ku mbewu. Zimasiyana chifukwa chakuti imodzi mwa njira yopanda chidwi ndi yowongoka imagwiritsidwa ntchito, m'chiwiri - ndi kulima mbande ndi kusakanikirana kumeneku.

M'zinthu zam'chipinda mukhoza kukula: tomato, nkhaka, anyezi, letesi, arugula, sipinachi, komanso zitsamba zokometsera. Kuchokera ku zitsamba zomwe muli pawindo mungathe kukhala nazo: chervil, rosemary, basil, tarragon, parsley, katsabola, cilantro, oregano ndi thyme.

Njira yoyamba:

1. Tsabola yotsekemera siimakula ndi mbande ndipo sinafikidwe kuchokera pamphika kupita ku chimzake pamene ikukula. Nthawi yomweyo muyenera kutenga mphamvu yomwe zomera zimakula. Mau ake ayenera kukhala 4-6 malita.
2. Lembani nthaka musanadzalemo mbewu mu mphika, kutsimikizira madzi abwino.
3. Lembani nyembazo kwa ola limodzi m'madzi ndikuyika nsalu yonyowa kwa tsiku.
4. Chomera mbeu ndi kuwaza nthaka 2-4 mm. Chotsani bwino nthaka ndi atomizer ndikuphimba ndi filimu musanayambe kumera.
5. Onetsetsani kuti amaika mphika pamalo otentha. Pambuyo pa kukula kwa masamba mana kuti apange korona.

Njira yachiwiri:

1. Konzani kapu kakang'ono, pafupifupi 200 ml, chifukwa chodzala mbewu.
2. Pangani ngalande ndikutsanulira mu mphika wadothi wosakaniza. Mukaika mbewu zokonzeka, zindikirani ndi nthaka 2-4 mm.
3. Pofuna kukonzekera njere, ayenera kuthira madzi kwa ora limodzi ndikusiyidwa m'madzi ozizira kwa tsiku limodzi.
4. Chotsani bwino nthaka, kuphimba ndi kanema wa chakudya ndikuyika malo otentha kuti muyamere.
5. Kuwombera kwa tsabola kumawoneka masabata 2-3.
6. Pakubwera kwa awiri awiri a masamba, tsabola amafunika kuika, kusambira ndi kupina.
7. Mphamvu zowonjezerapo ziyenera kukhala pafupifupi 4-6 malita, ndi madzi abwino.
8. Mphukira ndi clodi yaikulu yadothi imatsanulidwira mmenemo mwa kusintha, imakhala madzi ambiri.
9. Tsambani pamwamba.

Ndikofunikira! Ndi njira iliyonse, m'pofunika kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiyambe kuyatsa mu uvuni kapena kutaya ndi njira yochepa ya potassium permanganate.

Njira iliyonse yobzala mbeu - 1 kapena 2 - mumasankha, ndiye kuti tsabola ndi chimodzimodzi.

Kodi kufalitsa mbewu cuttings

Pepper cuttings ikhoza kuchitidwa kasupe ndi chilimwe. Kuti muchite izi, dulani mbaliyo ndikuwombera ndikuyiyika mu chidebe ndi mchenga-dziko losakaniza rooting.

Choyamba kutsanulira mochulukira, ndiye - monga nthaka imauma.

Tangi ayenera kukhala ndi madzi abwino. Izi ndizofunikira kudulira ndi mizu yozikika, chifukwa idzapitiriza kukula pano. Kubwezeretsanso mizu ya cuttings sikofunikira.

Kuti muzuke mofulumira mizu, m'pofunika kutsina.

Kusamalira chikhalidwe

Kusamalira mtundu wa tsabola "Spark", umene umakula pawindo lanu, ndi wapadera.

Zisanachitike, sitinatchule chizindikiro cha "Spark". Koma zoona zake n'zakuti amayi wamba amaitana mtundu uliwonse wa tsabola wokongoletsera mkati.

Momwe mungadzamwe madzi

Kuwaza kumapeto kwa nyengo ndi chilimwe kuyenera kukhala wochuluka ngati dziko likauma. Kuwonjezera apo, onetsetsani kuti "kusamba" chomeracho, kuwawaza 1-2 pa sabata, pamasiku otentha - tsiku lililonse.

Kuthirira kumayenera kuchitidwa ndi madzi kutentha.

Ndikofunikira! Zomera zimayikidwa pazenera zowonekera, zomwe zimakhala ndi mabatire, zimafuna kuthirira mobwerezabwereza.

Mu kugwa, kuchepetsa kuthirira, m'nyengo yozizira, kuchepetsani ndi kumwa madzi moyenera.

Sitilekerera kuwonjezera pa dothi. Izi zikudzaza ndi ubweya wa masamba ndi zipatso, kukhetsa kwawo komanso imfa ya mbewu.

Kuposa kufesa

Monga zikhalidwe zina, izi zimafuna kudyetsa chakudya choyenera. Mbewu yokha idzauza eni ake chomwe icho chikusowa.

Ngati gawo lakumunsi la masamba lakhala lofiira - perekani feteleza phosphate. Ngati masamba ali ochepa - nayitrogeni. Pazochitika zoterezi, kuvala pamwamba sikuyenera kukhala mizu, koma kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.

Mizu yapamwamba imapangidwa ndi ulimi wothirira milungu yonse 2-3 ndi zovuta feteleza.

Kudulira

Tsabola wokongoletsera ndi chomera chomwe chimafuna kudulira kuti chiwonjezere zokolola, kupanga korona wokongola ndikukulitsa kukula. Pa fruiting yoyamba nkofunikira kutsitsa pamwamba pa nthambi iliyonse. Mwamsanga pamene mphukira zowonjezera, kapena zikumera zomwe "zagwedezeka kunja" za korona, zinawonekera, ziyenera kudulidwa.

Ndikofunikira! Pepper mosavuta kulekerera kudulira.

Nthaŵi zambiri ndi kofunika kuti muchepetse theka la kutalika kwa nthambi iliyonse.

Kuwaza

Pamene Thirani tsabola - zovuta zambiri, ndipo muyenera kuziika pachaka. Choncho, izi ziyenera kuchitidwa mosamalitsa, mwa kusintha, ndikuwonjezera nthaka yatsopano ku tangi.

Cholinga chachikulu cha kubzala ndi nthaka yatsopano. Ngati mungalowe m'malo mwa dothi popanda kuika, ndiye kuti musamawononge zomera.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Zowonongeka kwambiri ndi akangaude ndi mealybugs. Nkhumba sizidzawonekera ngati nthawi zonse "mumasamba" chomeracho ndikumeta.

Ngati chitsamba chimakhala chozizira komanso chimakhala madzi ambiri, ndiye kuti mizu yowola imatha kuwonekera. Komanso tsabola ikhoza kutenga matendawa mochedwa.

Tsabola yamkati imayang'ana bwino kwambiri pawindo la khitchini kapena khonde. Kuonjezera apo, zipatso zimakhala ndi zophikira, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala, monga kuyeretsa mpweya, etc. Onetsetsani kuti mukhazikitse chozizwitsa ichi chozizwitsa m'nyumba yanu.