Mukamera tomato, mumatha kuona momwe amafota pakapita nthawi. Kuchokera kotereku kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa matenda ofala kwambiri a tomato.
Kufotokozera za matenda ndi zithunzi
Verticillosis ndi matenda a fungal omwe amapezeka mwadzidzidzi ndipo amafalikira mofulumira. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tambirimbiri tiri m'nthaka, zomwe zimakhudza zomera kudzera muzu. Pakuya masentimita 45-55, bowa awa akhoza kusungidwa pansi kwa zaka pafupifupi 15. Chizindikiro cha verticillia ndi necrosis. Matendawa samakhudza tomato okha; mbewu monga biringanya, mbatata, mpendadzuwa, tsabola ndi rasipiberi zimadwala nazo. Kawirikawiri matendawa amapezeka m'madera ozizira. 
Mukudziwa? M'zaka za zana la 16, tomato anakhala wokongola ngati zomera zokongola. Iwo anakongoletsa minda ya anthu opambana.
Zizindikiro zoyamba
Zizindikiro zoyambirira za verticillosis mu tomato zimawonekera pa nyengo yokula, nthawi yomwe maluwa akuyamba. Pa nthawi yomweyi, masamba apansi anayamba kutembenukira chikasu, ndipo kenako amauma ndi kugwa. Pamwamba pa masamba a phwetekere sungani mtundu wobiriwira, koma ayambe kupota kwambiri. Kenaka, mizu imayamba kufa pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, ngakhale kuti mizu imawoneka kuti sachilomboka. Vascular necrosis mu matendawa akhoza kufalikira kudutsa pa tsinde mpaka mamita 1. 
Zimayambitsa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
Wothandizira mankhwalawa ndi bowa omwe amapezeka m'nthaka. Matendawa amayamba choyamba m'mitsuko, ndipo kenako, ndi zamadzimadzi, zimadutsa m'ziwalo zonse za zomera. Bowa amasonkhanitsa mizu ndi mitsempha ya masamba. Mbewu ikafa, nthendayo imatuluka m'nthaka ndikufalikira ku zomera zoyandikana ndi kudula, mizu yosweka kapena mbali zina.
Woyamba kuvutika ndi izi nthawizonse zomera zazing'ono zomwe zimakula bwino. Matendawa amafalitsidwa kudzera mu mbewu, zomera, dothi komanso zipangizo za m'munda.
Mukudziwa? Dzina la tomato m'chinenero cha Amwenye limamveka ngati "phwetekere", kutanthauza "mabulosi akulu". Asanayambe kuswana mwakhama, zipatso za tomato zinali zochepa kuposa momwe ziliri tsopano, ndipo zikufanana ndi zipatso.
Matendawa amakhala ndi kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa dothi, pamene kutentha kumapita pansi pa 18-20 ° C. Ngati kutentha kukukwera kuposa 25-27 ° C, njira yolimbana ndi matenda sikuchitika.Kodi pali mankhwala?
Zoterezi, palibe mankhwala ochiritsira kwambiri a tomato. Tomato omwe ali ndi kachilombo kaye sakhala ndi mankhwala ochizira - sangapulumutse. Amafunikira mwamsanga kuwononga.
Ndikofunikira! Kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tifunika kuchita fumigation kapena solarization.
Ndibwino kuti muteteze: kugwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zamakono kuti muteteze
Njira yabwino kwambiri yochotsera vutoli ndi kupewa kuteteza. Kulimbana ndi matendawa ndi kovuta komanso kwina kulibe phindu. Pofuna kuteteza tomato kuti asafota, muyenera kutsatira malamulo awa:
- Mukangoona chomera, chotsani. Musati muponyedwe mu thumba la kompositi;
- zothandiza ndi mankhwala odzala sopo ndi sopo;
- kupopera potaziyamu permanganate ndi boric asidi, mkuwa sulphate ndi nthaka ndi njira yabwino;
- Nthawi zonse muzidyetsa tomato ndi phosphorous-potaziyamu zosakaniza;
- Yang'anani chinyezi.
Ndikofunikira! Mitengo yokhayo yomwe imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ayenera kubzalidwa pa nthaka: kabichi, nandolo, kaloti, anyezi, zipatso ndi conifers.
Ngati mukufuna kukula tomato, ndiye mugule mitundu yomwe ikulimbana ndi matendawa. Tsopano mitundu yambiri yotereyi imadulidwa. Bulu labwino pobzala ndikulola tomato anu asadwale matenda osiyanasiyana!
