Katemera wobiriwira - wowala, wamadzi, koma owopsa kwambiri. Kale, zida zake zimagwiritsidwa ntchito motsutsana ndi adani: zinali zokwanira kuwonjezera kachakudya chake kapena zakumwa - ndipo chomaliza chinali chomaliza. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ikhoza kukhala yopindulitsa kwambiri, chifukwa imakhalanso ndi mphamvu yakuchiritsa. Tiyeni tiwone bwinobwino.
Mafotokozedwe a zamoyo
Nkhumba zokwawazi ndizochokera ku banja la Buttercup ndipo zimafalitsidwa kwambiri ku Eurasia ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Africa. Amakula pamtunda wambiri, m'madzi ozizira ndi othunzi: m'mphepete mwa malo osungira nthaka, m'madera otsetsereka, m'mphepete mwa nyanjayi, ndi zina zotere. Izi ndizomera zakuya zosapitirira 15-40 cm, zomwe zimakhala ndizitsamba, zokwawa, zokwawa kapena zowera. Masamba pamtengowo amatha kupukutidwa, katatu ndi mano osiyana, masamba apamwamba ndi sessile, lanceolate komanso katatu.
Nkhumba zokwawa zimayamba kuphulika mu June ndi maluwa, nthawi zonse, ndi maluwa okongola okwana 5 komanso ambirimbiri a pistils. Amatha kukhala apical osakwatiwa kapena kugawidwa m'kati mwa ambulera. Korona wa zomera ndi 2-3 masentimita awiri. Nthendayi imayaka mungu ndi tizilombo, ndipo zipatso zake ndizambiri zamtundu, zomwe ndi chipatso cha nati, zozunguliridwa ndi firmic pericarp.
Pazolembedwa ndi phindu
Kulongosola kwa chomera chotchedwa buttercup chokwawa sikudzakwanira popanda mbiriyakale ya dzina la duwa: ngakhale chikhalidwe cha ndakatulo cha dzina lake, chimachokera ku mawu akuti "owopsya," kutanthauza, kuyaka, kuwononga, poizoni. Zomwe zimapangidwanso zimaphatikizapo timannins ndi nayitrojeni popanda mankhwala ofooketsa, mosavuta kusungunuka m'madzi ndi mowa. Amakhudzidwa ndi oksijeni oksijeni, ndipo timadzi timadzi timene timasintha mtundu wawo kukhala bulauni.
Onani njira yopangira munda wa buttercup.Alkaloids yomwe imapezeka mmenemo imakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa dongosolo la mitsempha, mitsempha ndi mitsempha ya magazi. Komanso, amaonetsetsa kuti kutentha ndi kutentha thupi kumayendera. Mamarmarins ali ndi mphamvu yochepetsera magazi, kuchepetsa magazi, kuwonjezera thupi la thupi ndi kukhutira ndi mavitamini a gulu R. Flavonoids akugwira ntchito mwakhama, ndipo vitamini C ndi yofunika kwambiri pa chimfine.
Ndikofunikira! Nthenda yamkuntho imabereka bwino ndipo safuna chisamaliro chapadera. Kulima kwake sikuli kovuta ngakhale oyamba kumene.
Mankhwala amapangidwa a zomera
Zakudya zokhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zimakhala ndi zinthu zamtengo wapatali zokhudzana ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:
- protoanemonin;
- coumarin;
- chithunzi;
- glycosides wa mtima;
- tannins;
- flavonoids (neovitexin, vitexin, saponaretin);
- chithandizo;
- vitamini C;
- hinoin;
- carotene.
Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala achipatala
Nthenda yam'madzi imapeza ntchito yake pochiza matenda ambiri. Komabe, popatsidwa malo owopsa, zomera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kunja. Mkati mwa izo zimatengedwa kokha atatha kuonana ndi dokotala ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza migraines, khunyu, neurosis, ndi matenda ena amanjenje. Kuphatikiza apo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusiya kuika magazi chifukwa cha matenda otsegula m'mimba komanso mavuto a amayi.
Komanso kuti musamaye magazi, muzigwiritsa ntchito nettle, longan, masamba a rasipiberi, graviatat, comfrey, skumpiyu ndi cloudberries.Zokwawa za buttercup zimathandizira kulimbana ndi matenda a m'magulu, minofu ndi mafupa, chifukwa ali ndi matenda a antigen, antibiotic ndi machiritso. Zimathandizanso pakakhala vuto la khungu - zoperewera ndi zoperewera, zomwe zimawathandiza kuti asamangidwe ndi kusasitsa. Nthendayi imalimbana ndi mphere, ziphuphu ndi matenda opweteka a mapazi ndi misomali. Kuphwanyidwa ndi ziphuphu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale bwino zimathetsa ululu komanso kuthetsa kupweteka kwa radiculitis, rheumatism, nyamakazi, osteochondrosis, gout ndi matenda ena osokonezeka komanso ogulitsa.
Contraindications
Malingana ndi kufotokoza kwa chotupa chokhala ndi zokwawa, kuphatikizapo kusagwirizana kwake konse, kutsutsana ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa chomera ichi monga njira zamankhwala ndi:
- mkhalidwe wamimba;
- kuyamwitsa;
- ali wamng'ono (osakwana 18);
- matenda aakulu mu siteji yoyipa;
- kukhalapo kwa matenda opatsirana;
- chizoloŵezi chochita zinthu zosagwirizana.
Mmene mungamerere zokwawa zokwawa
Kuti mukhale ndi zokwawa zokwawa pa tsamba lanu, muyenera kudziwa komwe zimakulira m'chilengedwe. Chomera chobzala bwino chidzachuluka ndipo sizidzafuna khama kwambiri kuti zisunge munda.
Mukudziwa? Kufalitsa mipiringidzo ya chomera chimodzi kungathe kufika mamita atatu.
Kumene angabzalidwe: zinthu zofunika
Monga momwe chilengedwe chimakhalire, muzomwe zimapangidwira, udzu wa batala umakonda malo ozizira komanso ozizira. Zitha kukulanso m'malo amdima, koma dongosololi limachepetsa moyo wake. Chotupa cha mtundu wa butterfly chidzasangalalira pansi pa mtengo wakufalikira, osati wakuda kwambiri ndi nthaka yofewa, yofewa. Mwachitsanzo, mu dothi lolemera kwambiri, mchenga kapena mchenga wa loamy, ndi bwino kuika mchenga ndi peat osakaniza asanadzalemo. Momwemo, nthaka imatenga chinyezi pamene imwetsa chomera ndipo sichikhala pamwamba.
Kulima malamulo osatha
Kubzala mankhwala buttercup udzu, ndikofunika kufesa mbewu zake mabokosi a mbande kumapeto kwa dzinja - kumayambiriro kwa masika. Malamulo otsatirawa ayenera kuwonetsedwa:
- Nyemba zimafesa grooves kuti akuya pafupifupi 2 cm;
- kutentha kwa chipindachi ndi 10-15 ° C;
- mabokosi okhala ndi polyethylene;
- patatha masabata 2-3, mabokosiwa amasamutsidwa kupita kumalo otentha pafupifupi 20 ° C.
Mbande zazikulu zimasunthira ku nthaka yabwino kumapeto kwa kasupe kumapeto kwa April - kumayambiriro kwa May. Ndikofunika kukonzekera maenje kuti mubzalitse masentimita 5, mtunda wokhala pakati pa masentimita 10. Pakuti ngalande, miyala yabwino imayikidwa pansi pa dzenje. Komabe, njirayi ndi yophweka, chifukwa mbewu zokwawa za buttercup sizimera bwinobwino. Choncho, kwambiri cuttings nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kubzala, omwe anabzala mwachindunji pa malo mu August-September:- Tizilombo timayikidwa m'madzi ozizira kwa maola 10-12;
- ndiye tubers zimatengedwa pansi masentimita 5 mpaka kulowa m'dzenje;
- dzenje liri ndi nthaka, zomera zimathiriridwa ndi madzi pang'ono.
Ndikofunikira! Pogwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa buttercup wokhala ndi zowawa pakhungu, munthu sayenera kuiwala za poizoni. Simungathe perederzhivat iyo khungu, kuti musayambitse zilonda zam'mimba kapena necrosis.
Kusamalira Zomera
Chomera sichifuna kusamalidwa kovuta. Ndikoyenera kuzimwa madzi nthawi zonse, koma osati moyenera, kuti musayambe mizu yovunda. Zokwawa zowonongeka zimayambitsa mavuto osalala, mizu yake imatha kuuma mofulumira kwambiri. Maluwawo amakula bwino, sapling pachaka imatha kubweretsa "makanda" atatu, ndipo munthu wamkulu - mpaka 7. Choncho, m'pofunikira kukumba mizu yake, kutsegula "ana" ndikuwaponya pamalo atsopano. Kuti pakhale kukula bwino ndi mapangidwe abwino, chomeracho chikusowa chakudya chowonjezera. Kwa ichi, feteleza feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, Kemira-Lux, yomwe iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa nthaka 2 pa mwezi. Pa maluwa ayenera kupanga potaziyamu ndi phosphorous.
Musaiwale za kukonzekera kwa zomera m'nyengo yozizira. Ayenera kuthirira kumapeto kwa maluwa, ndiko kuti, kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa September. Kenaka, muyenera kukumba mizu, kuwayeretsa mofatsa pansi, kuwawuma, kuwatsitsa ndi fungicide ndikulekanitsa "ana". Tubers amasungidwa mpaka kasupe atakulungidwa mu pulasitiki Manga, owazidwa ndi peat nthaka kapena mchenga, pamalo ndi kutentha kwa + 5-10 ° C. Chipinda chapansi kapena chipinda chapansi pa nyumba chimagwirira bwino ntchito iyi. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiyenera kufufuza nthawi zonse ndipo ngati pali zizindikiro za matenda, tithandizani malowa ndi colloidal sulfure. Yathunthu matendawa tuber bwino kuwononga.
Mukudziwa? Malinga ndi nthano, chomeracho chinakhala chakupha Satana atayesera kubisala pakati pa thicket kuchokera kwa Angelo wamkulu Michael.
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta buttercup
Matenda akuluakulu ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa:
- Mizu yovunda - kawirikawiri imayesedwa ndi kubzala nyemba m'nthaka ndi manyowa opanda chotupitsa, mbande zotetezedwa zimayamba kukula pang'onopang'ono, kutembenukira chikasu ndikufa;
- powdery mildew - masamba ndi petioles a chomera amadzazidwa ndi mealy pachimake, ndiye akuda ndi owuma;
- mwendo wakuda - umayamba ndi maonekedwe a mawanga oyera kuchokera pansi pa tsinde, lomwe kenako limasanduka bulauni, ndipo chomera chimamwalira;
- dzimbiri - fistula amaonekera pa masamba, omwe amaphulika ndi dzimbiri ufa amapezeka kuchokera kwa iwo;
- perinospora - matenda omwe amadziwika ndi kukula kwa pang'onopang'ono kwa zomera ndi mawonekedwe ake;
- Fusarium wilt - imawoneka mawanga ofiira pa masamba ndi zimayambira, kusowa mankhwala kumabweretsa imfa ya chomera;
- Nematodes - kuchuluka kwa chinyezi mu mizu kumapangitsa kukula kwa mphutsi, zomwe zimawononga zomera mpaka imfa yake.
Nematophagin BT, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kunthaka isanayambe kubzala masentimita 15-20, imathandizira nematodes bwino.Ngati vuto lidayamba kale mutabzala, kukonzekera kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsime zomwe zili pafupi ndi chomera. Matenda otsalawa amachiritsidwa bwino ndi fungicides, mwachitsanzo, "Zaslonom", "Mzere", "Baktofit" ndi ena.Nthiti zachitsamba: Kodi mungachotse bwanji chomera m'munda?
Kukula mofulumira ndikuphimba nthaka, chomerachi chimamira ndi kutulutsa mbewu zina, makamaka masamba. Kotero, ambiri wamaluwa akudabwa: momwe angachotsere chotupa chokwera? Pali njira zingapo izi:
- Zida zolimira ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeretsa dera, magawo onse odulidwa ayenera kusonkhanitsidwa pamodzi ndi kusungidwa;
- Pa nthaka yabwino, mungagwiritse ntchito chopper chokhazikika;
- Kusokoneza kapena kusungidwa kwa webusaitiyi kungathandize kuyanika kwa mizu ya zomera ndi imfa yawo;
- Malo ozungulira kwambiri ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi glyphosate;
- Kukonzekera kovuta, kuphatikizapo mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kudzakuthandizani kupewa kuswana kwa mtundu wa buttercup.
