Mawu akuti "palibe duwa wopanda minga" yomwe yakhalapo kwa zaka zambiri m'zilankhulo zambiri, tsopano ili ndi ufulu wogwiritsidwa ntchito mophiphiritsira. Chifukwa duwa lopanda minga lilipo - limatchedwa kuti Aqua rose ndipo ndi lokongola kwa maluwa, chifukwa sichimawapweteka mapendekedwe a azimayi omwe amawotcha maluwa okongolawo. Ganizirani mfundo zofunika kwambiri zokhudza kusamalira maluwa awa m'nkhani yathu.
Kulongosola kwa zomera
Mfumukaziyi pakati pa maluwa ena amamera ndi obereketsa achi Dutch pogwiritsa ntchito remontant ndi tiyi maluwa. Zili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tiyi yomwe yakhalapo kwa zaka pafupifupi zana ndipo, pamodzi ndi iyo, ndi yodabwitsa kwambiri chifukwa cha nyengo yake yotentha, komanso nthawi yayitali mu greenhouses.
Mukudziwa? Kale ku Roma, mindayi idali cholinga chokhalira zomera zothandiza kuti apange zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba ndi zonunkhira. Chokhachokha ku maluwa "opanda pake" anapangidwa kuti azituluka maluwa.
Tsopano ndi kovuta kunena zomwe zinachitika: dzina la pinki ndi mtundu wa duwa la dzina lomwelo, kapena ngati duwa lasanduka duwa ndi mtundu wa pinki, omwe nthawi zambiri amawona pamaluwa a zomera. 
Koma ndi maluwa a Aqua omwe amavomerezera mutu wake mwangwiro, wokhala ndi pinki ponseponse, kuyambira pa pinki yofiira kupita ku pink. Ndi chomera chomwe chimakhala chachikulu kuposa mamita, ndipo chimakhala ndi masamba olemera mpaka masentimita 12 m'lifupi mwake.
Zilonda zawo zimakonda kukhala zobiriwira pamphepete ndi kuunika kumunsi, ndipo masambawo amakhalanso pfungo losangalatsa lomwe silingasokonezedwe ndi wina aliyense. Kuyambira pachimake mu June, zomera zimakondweretsa ndi maluwa ake mpaka kuzizizira, ndikumangirira chisanu mpaka -10 ° S.
Mwinamwake mukufunitsitsa kuwerenga za mitundu ndi kulima maluwa a Dutch, Canada ndi English.
Komabe zomera izi zimagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Chabwino, malo okondweretsa kwambiri a mchere wa Aqua ndiutali wautali, pafupifupi wopanda minga.
Kukonzekera kukwera
Olima okongola amalangizidwa kudzala chomera ichi mu kugwa, nyengo isanafike yozizira. Koma mukhoza kulima m'chaka. Mukamabzala, ndikofunika kwambiri kusankha malo a maluwa komwe amamera komanso nthaka yabwino. 
Ndikofunikira! Rosi imatsutsana ndi nthaka yochepetsetsa, imafooketsa ntchito zotetezera zomera ndikuwononga maonekedwe.
Pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, nthaka yopanda ndale ndi yabwino kwambiri imakonda. Ngati sichikugwirizana ndi zizindikiro izi, ziyenera kumangidwa ndi kompositi kapena peat. Mu nthaka ya loamy ayenera kuwonjezeredwa manyowa ndi mchenga. Ndiye nthaka yokonzedwa motere iyenera kutsanulidwa mochuluka.
Malo ophimba pansi, kukwera ndi maluwa okongola amapanga malo osangalatsa kwambiri.
Phando la kubzala liyenera kukumbidwa motero kuti mizu ya maluwa ya maluwa ikhale yochuluka, ndipo sinafunika kugwada. Pofuna kulimbitsa coma, ndikofunika kuti mukhale m'madzi kwa mphindi makumi awiri musanafike.
Tikufika
Nkofunika kwambiri musanabzala kuti muwone bwinobwino malo omwe tchire lidzakula. Ngati pali mbewu zina zomwe zimakhala zofanana m'munda mwa dzuwa, ndiye kuti maluwa sayenera kubzalidwa pafupi ndi mita imodzi. Ndipo ngati oyandikana nawo ali apamwamba, ndiye kuti duwa la duwa liyenera kubzalidwa kutali ndi iwo. Mbande ziyenera kupatulidwa patali osati pafupi kuposa masentimita 80. Ndipo pakati pa mizere ya mbande mtunda ukhale pafupi mamita awiri.
Zochita zolimbitsa thupi poyendetsa mwachindunji ndi izi:
- Kuwongolera mosamala mizu yake, mmera umayikidwa mu dzenje pakati;
- Kuyika khola la mizu khumi masentimita pamwamba pa nthaka, mizu ili ndi dziko lapansi;
- onse odzala tchire amamwe madzi ambiri;
- Nthaka kuzungulira mitengo ikuluikulu ya ming'alu ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito kompositi kapena udzu wokhala ndi masentimita asanu ndi awiri.
Onani mitundu iyi ya maluwa a tiyi a hybrid monga "Black Baccara", "Grand Gala", "Abracadabra", "Kerio", "Chopin", "Black Magic", "Sophia Loren", "Double Delight".
Kupaka zovala, kuthirira
Ngakhale maluwa awa sakulekerera dothi lonyowa kwambiri, kuthirira nthawi zonse ndi kofunikira. Nthaka ikadzafika pa tchire imakhala yakuya pafupifupi masentimita asanu, muyenera kuyamba kuthirira. 
Nthawi yabwino kwambiri iyi ndi mmawa. Kuthirira kumayenera kukhala mosamala, kuti madzi afike pamzu, osati pa nthambi ndi masamba. Apo ayi, n'zotheka maonekedwe a matenda a fungal.
Pambuyo kuthirira, zimalimbikitsidwa kuti mutulutse pansi pamtunda masentimita asanu m'kati mwake, popanda kusokoneza mizu ya chomeracho. Mu nyengo yotentha, makamaka ikadula masamba ndi masamba, duwa limafunikira kudyetsa kuti tipeze msanga.
Zidzakhala bwino kuti muwerenge za zolakwa zomwe wamaluwa amapeza nthawi zambiri pamene akukula maluwa.
Mu kasupe, izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta mchere feteleza ndi njira yothetsera ammonium nitrate, yomwe muyeso wa magalamu 50 ayenera kuwonjezeredwa khumi malita a madzi. Kugwa, feteleza-phosphate feteleza ndi abwino kwambiri, ndipo m'chilimwe - zovuta feteleza ndi kuwonjezera kwa organics ndi kufufuza zinthu.
Malingana ndi mtundu wa feteleza, zakudya zimaphatikizapo kusakaniza granules kapena ufa pansi pamtunda, kapena kuthirira ndi njira yothetsera nthaka. Popeza kuti feteleza yowonongeka imatha kuwononga mizu, m'pofunika kuimitsa nthaka isanagwiritsidwe ntchito. 
Ndikofunikira! Manyowa onse a zomera ndi feteleza ayenera kutsatiridwa ndi kuundana kwa nthaka.
Kodi ndi nthawi yanji kuti muchepetse
Pafupifupi nyengo yonse yotentha, tchire amafunika kudulira, zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa chomera ndi maluwa ambiri. Chofunikira chachikulu apa ndi chakuti pruner ayenera kukhala pansi bwino kwambiri kuti panthawiyi sipangakhale kudula koyenera pa zimayambira ndi zowonongeka ndi zowonongeka. Magawo otero samapitirira kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo amakhala "chipata" kuti matenda alowe.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge za zinthu zakusamalira maluwa m'dzinja ndi masika.
Zima zachisanu
Nthawi yozizira ikafika, tchire tifunika kutentha m'nyengo yozizira. Pamaso pa ntchito yofunikayi, nkofunika kuchotsa zonse zomwe sizikufunikira kuchokera ku tchire - masamba, maluwa, mphukira zazing'ono zomwe sizinafike pofunika pa chitukuko. 
Mzere wa mizu pa thunthu uyenera kukhala prikopat padziko lapansi, ndi chitsamba chomwecho m'magawo angapo kukulunga zinthu zopanda nsalu, zomwe zingalole kuti mbeuyo ipulumutsidwe ngakhale chisanu.
M'chaka, kuoneka kwa mphukira mwatsopano ndi chizindikiro chakuti ndi nthawi yochotsa kutentha kwa zomera. Ndibwino kuti tichite zimenezi madzulo kapena nyengo ili mitambo, kuti asawononge mphukira yotentha poyaka dzuwa.
Phunzirani zambiri za momwe mungakwerere duwa kuchokera ku maluwa, momwe mungasungire maluwa nthawi yayitali, ndi momwe mungadzalemo maluwa kuchokera mu bokosi.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Ngakhale kuti Aqua inauka mokwanira ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, sizitetezedwa kwathunthu ku mliriwu. Mitundu yonse ya tiyi ya hybrid, imene Aqua ali nayo, imayambitsa matenda a fungal, omwe makamaka akufalikira m'madera otentha ndi kutentha kwambiri kupyolera mu spores zomwe zimatengedwa ndi mitsinje ya mpweya.
Mwachitsanzo, matenda omwe amapezeka ndi fungal amagwera pa tchire lamaluwa kuchokera kumunda wa mkungudza womwe ukukula pafupi, malo omwe ndi osafunika kwambiri chifukwa cha izi. 
Pa mvula yachilimwe, powdery powdery mildew amakhala mlendo wosaitanidwa nthaŵi zambiri. Nsabwe zapadera zimakhala pafupi ndi nkhungu iyi.
Masamba omwe amakhudzidwa ndi nkhungu ayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo nsabwe za m'masamba zimatulutsidwa mothandizidwa ndi sopo yotsuka. Kuti agonjetse nthiti ina ya fungusu ngati mawonekedwe a imvi, zonse zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi zowonongeka zimayenera kuwonongedwa, ndipo zina zonse zimapulitsidwa ndi msuzi wa kavalo.
Mukudziwa? Panali mitundu yambiri ya maluwa, ndipo panali chisokonezo mwa mayina awo kuti ngakhale padera wapadera International International Register Registration.
Kuwonjezera pa matendawa ndi bowa, maluwa amawombera nthawi zambiri powaukira mphutsi ndi mbozi, zomwe zimadya mizu ndi masamba, ndi mphukira zazing'ono. Zina mwazogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi masamba a masamba, omwe amadya masamba okhaokha pamtunda, komanso amalowetsa masamba ndi mabubu. Iyenera kumenyana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. 
Green moth mbozi ngati masamba ndi mphukira wa maluwa. Amawonongedwanso ndi mankhwala. Ndipo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sitimadya masamba ndi mphukira, koma timayamwa mankhwala othandiza kuchokera ku chomeracho, kenako amalira. Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa timakhala ndi chilala cha nthawi yaitali.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mitsempha ya nematode yomwe imayambitsa mizu. N'zosatheka kulimbana nawo: chomera chokhudzidwa ndi iwo chiyenera kufa ndipo chiyenera kuchotsedwa. Ndipo mmalo mwake kulimbikitsidwa kufesa mbewu zina zomwe nematodes zimawopa - mwachitsanzo, calendula.
Maluwa okongolawa ndi fungo lokhazika mtima pansi, koma popanda minga yamtengo wapatali chaka chilichonse amalandira maluwa ambiri komanso m'masitolo ogulitsa.
