M'madera akumidzi akupezeka malo omwe amafunika kukongoletsedwa ndi chomera. Ngati mutangofunafuna maluwa amenewa, tikukulangizani kuti muyang'anenso kalonga. Sichifuna chisamaliro chapadera, maluwa okongola, amamasula pamaso pa zomera zina. Pambuyo powerenga za kubzala ndi kusamalira, mukhoza kusankha ngati kalonga ali woyenera kwa inu komanso ngati muli ndi zofunikira kuti mulimalize.
Malongosoledwe a zomera
Knyazhik (lat. Atragene) - osatha, amakhala pakati pa banja la buttercups (lat. Ranunculaceae). Poyamba, ankatchedwa zilonda zakutchire ndi zowona, maunyolo ndi mavinyo a nthambi. Nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka ndi clematis chifukwa cha kufanana kwakukulu mu maonekedwe. Akatswiri ena a zomera amakhulupirira kuti kalongayo ndi banja la Klematis. Ndipo malonda a ku Ulaya amatchulidwa kawirikawiri pansi pa dzina lakuti "Clematis".
Ikulangiza kuti mudziwe kuti ndi mitundu yanji ya clematis ndi momwe mungamere ndikukula zitsamba.
Knyazhik imakula mu mawonekedwe a zinyama, tsinde lake lomwe lingathe kufika mamita atatu. Masamba a chomerawa akutsutsana, akukula pa petioles, omwe amapotoza ndi kumamatira ku chithandizo. Maluwa amodzi okha, aakulu - mpaka masentimita 10 m'mimba mwake, mwa mawonekedwe a mabelu. Iwo amapita pansi. Mukhale ndi double perianth. Chikho chimakhala ndi sepals 4 mpaka 8. Mwa mtundu, maluwawo ndi osiyana: zofiirira, zoyera, buluu, pinki, zamitundu iwiri. 
Monga zomera zambiri za mtundu wa Ranunculaceae, kalonga ali woopsa kapena woopsa pang'ono. Ziwalo zake zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwala ochiritsira mankhwala. Iye adapeza kugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu pamakonzedwe a dziko.
Mukudziwa? Makolo a banja la buttercups ndi buttercup - muzu-tuberous chomera ndi chikasu maluwa. Zinachokera ku poizoni wa maluwa awa kuti mzimayi Lorenzo anapanga mapiritsi ogona chifukwa cha khalidwe lalikulu la masautso a Shakespearean Romeo ndi Juliet.
Zosiyanasiyana
Mu akalonga amtunduwu muli mitundu 8. M'madera athu, omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi awa: Alpine, Okhotsk, Siberia, krupnolepechest.
Alpine
Luso la Alpine (latchedwa Atragene alpina L.) amagawidwa pamathanthwe ndi mabanki a mumtsinje m'madera ozizira a Eurasia. Tsinde lake limakula kufika mamita awiri. Nthawi ya zomera imakhala kuyambira May mpaka Oktoba. Amadziwika ndi kukula msanga.
Masamba awo ndi trifoliate, otchulidwa, ndi mano kumbali, ovate. Ganizirani za petioles. Kutalika kwa masamba ndi 2-5 masentimita. Magawo awo apansi ndi pubescent. 
Maluwa a liana amapanga kuchokera May mpaka June. Amathyola chibakuwa ndi buluu. Pali mitundu ya pinki ndi yoyera imamasula. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapu yaitali. Mukhale ndi sepals zinayi. Mbali yawo yakunja ndi ya pubescent.
Knyazhik Alpine amawoneka ngati zomera zowawa kwambiri. Ku Czech Republic ndi Slovakia zimatetezedwa ndi lamulo.
Zimakula bwino mu dzuwa madera omwe ali otetezedwa ku ma drafts. Pakuti kukula kumafuna chithandizo. Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi "Flamingo ya Pinki", "Willy", "Francis Rivis".
Okhotsk
Kumtchire Kalonga wa Okhotsk (Atragene ochotensis) zikhoza kuwonedwa ku China, Korea, Japan, Eastern Siberia, ku Far East. Iyo imakhala kumapiri, pa malo amathanthwe, imatha kukula mpaka mamita 1100 pamwamba pa nyanja.
Masamba a creeper iyi ndi trifoliate, ovate, awiri-atatu-lobed kapena osiyana.
Maluwawo amasungidwa pamtunda. Iwo ali ndi zisindikizo zinayi mpaka zisanu ndi zitatu, zojambula mu utoto wofiirira kapena buluu. Maluwa amayamba mu June.
Onani mndandanda wa zomera zomwe zingabzalidwe m'munda mu June.
Chomeracho chili ndi mankhwala, makamaka, mankhwala ochiritsira omwe amapanga mankhwala. Amakondedwa chifukwa cha makhalidwe abwino kwambiri okongoletsera. Kaŵirikaŵiri amamera m'mapaki, mumthunzi wowala, m'nthaka yachonde ndi yobiriwira.
Mukudziwa? Asayansi ku yunivesite ya Cambridge, pogwiritsa ntchito kafukufuku, apeza kuti maluwa a buttercup amasonyeza mwachindunji kuwala komwe kumakopa tizilombo. Mafunde a ultraviolet sali owoneka kwa anthu, ndipo tizilombo ta tizilombo timene timakhala tizilombo timene timakhala tizilombo timene timakhala tikufunafuna timadzi tokoma.
Siberia
Makhalidwe Akalonga a ku Siberia (Atragene sibirica L.) kapena madera okongola, mabanki a mtsinje, mapiri a miyala, miyala ya Siberia, Pamir, Tien Shan, Mzinda wa Kum'maŵa, Karelia.
Mphepo yamkuntho imakhala yaitali mamita atatu. Chipatso chapamwamba cha masamba awo ndi chobiriwira chakuda, pansi pake ndiwotumbululuka.
Amamera ndi maluwa akulu oyera kapena a chikasu pang'ono mwa mawonekedwe a mabelu okhala ndi zipilala zinayi. Maluwa amapezeka m'chilimwe. Mukhozanso kubweranso mu kugwa. 
Mitundu imeneyi ndi yosangalatsa kuti ngakhale ottsvetaniya amasunga kukongoletsa - zimapanga chidwi mu maonekedwe zipatso mu mawonekedwe a broadleaf mbewu.
Ambiri-akhungu
Prince Wamkulu (Chilatini Atragene macropetala) mungapezeke m'nkhalango zam'mawa za Siberia, Far East, China, ndi Korea. Izo zimalimidwa mobwerezabwereza. Ambiri amaikidwa m'minda yamaluwa.
Liana amakula kufika mamita atatu. Musiye iye apitilize petioles. Zimaphatikizidwa, ovate, masentimita 2-3.
Maluwa amayamba mu May. Kulira kwa mwezi. Maluwawo ndi aakulu - mpaka masentimita 9. Ali ndi zigawo zinayi zosindikizira zapadera ndi mbali ziwiri. Zithunzi mu buluu.
Chomerachi chikhoza kukhalabe m'chizira chozizira - ngakhale mpaka madigiri -30. 
Liana imakhala ndi zinthu zomwe, zikawonekera pakhungu la anthu, zimakwiyitsa iwo.
Knyazhik krupnolepestny anakhala maziko a mitundu 28, yomwe chidwi chake ndi Estrella, Memme, Jean Lindmark, White Swan.
Mwa njirayi, popeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kalonga ikuphulika nthawi zosiyanasiyana: Alpine - mu May, Okhotsk - mu June, Siberia - mu July ndi kachiwiri mu September, ntchito yawo yogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo angapangitse zokongola ndi zokongola.
Mankhwala
Anthu a kalonga amene amadziwika kwa nthawi yaitali chifukwa cha zinthu zomwe zili mu ziwalo zake, zomwe zimakhala ndi zotsatira zochiritsira thupi la munthu. Lili ndi vitamini C, glycosides, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, polysaccharides, aluminium, cobalt, chitsulo, silicon, manganese, sodium, nickel.
Malingana ndi ochiritsa anthu, ziwalo za kalonga ali ndi machiritso otsatirawa:
- chowoneka;
- chithunzi;
- antirheumatic;
- anti-inflammatory;
- machiritso owonda;
- antibacterial;
- zotsutsana.
Zotsutsana ndi ntchito
Popeza kuti kalonga ndi chomera chakupha, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsidwa ntchito ndizotheka kokha pokhapokha kulangizidwa kwa dokotala. Iwo amaletsedwa mwamphamvu kutenga pakati pa mimba. Odwala amene akuchiritsidwa ndi matenda a mtima, mankhwala ochirikiza olamulira ayenera kulamulidwa ndi dokotala basi. Kudzipiritsa kungachititse kuwonongeka.
Kuti mupewe poizoni, muyenera kutsata mlingo woyenera mu maphikidwe a mankhwala ochiritsira.
Mukudziwa? Kwa munthu, Buttercups samaika ngozi yaikulu - pangakhale poizoni pokhapokha atatenga kuchuluka kwa iwo kapena kukwiya pa khungu pamene akukhudzana ndi zomera. Koma nyama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ena oimira zomerazi zimatha kufa mphindi 30-50 pambuyo poonekera poizoni.
Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala achipatala
Maluwa, zimayambira ndi mbewu za kalonga zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchiza:
- kutukusira kwa chapamimba mucosa;
- matenda opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito nyengo;
- edema ndi madontho;
- zilonda ndi ziphuphu pa khungu;
- mutu;
- mpeni;
- zotupa mu chiwindi;
- matenda osokoneza bongo;
- kupweteka kwa mphuno.
Monga kalonga, nkhandwe, ndowe, gogweed, mabulosi a yew, mazira a autumn ndi zomera zakupha, koma ndi chithandizo choyenera akhoza kuchiza matenda ambiri.
Broths, infusions ndi tinctures amapangidwa kuchokera masamba. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zonse mkati ndi kunja. Msuzi wophika pa moto wochepa kuchokera ku tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe tasweka ndi 200 ml ya madzi owiritsa kwa theka la ora. Asanagwiritse ntchito, fyuluta ndi yozizira. Kuwonjezera madzi otentha otentha, kubweretsa kuyambirira ya madzi. Kumwa mankhwala a supuni yaikulu katatu pa tsiku mutatha kudya. 
Kulowetsedwa kumakonzedwa kuchokera ku supuni ya tiyi ya masamba owuma, osweka, omwe amathiridwa ndi galasi la madzi otentha ndikuphatikiza kwa theka la ora. Kenaka fyuluta ndi kumwa zakumwa ziwiri zazikulu katatu pa tsiku pakudya.
Pofuna kukonza tincture, masamba owuma amathyoledwa ndikuikidwa mu botolo lakuda kuti akwaniritse gawo limodzi la magawo atatu. Ndiye thankiyo imathiridwa pamwamba ndi vodka. Ikani malo amdima kwa milungu iwiri. Sakanizani musanagwiritse ntchito. Tengani madontho 30-40, kuchepetsedwa m'madzi, katatu patsiku kwa mwezi.
Ndikofunikira! Timapereka mankhwala kwa mankhwala ochokera kwa kalonga pokhapokha kuti athandizidwe. Zaletsedwa kudzipangira nokha - chomeracho chiri ndi zinthu zoopsa kwa anthu zomwe zingayambitse poizoni. Dokotala ayenera kulemba mlingo ndi kuchuluka kwa kutenga ndalamazo.
Gwiritsani ntchito kupanga mapangidwe
Kwa kukongoletsa madera akumidzi, malo odyera, akalonga amabzalidwa ndi mipando, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi, kuti azikongoletsera, monga malo ophimba. Amabzalidwa okha komanso m'magulu a magulu, pambali pa mitengo ndi zitsamba. 
Anthu oyenda bwino amatha kupanga malo omwe amatetezera ku dzuwa ndikupanga mthunzi. Ubwino wa akalonga ndikuti, chifukwa cha kukula kwake, akhoza kubzalidwa kulikonse kumene mtengo kapena chitsamba sungakhoze kuikidwa.
Anthu amene akufuna kukongoletsa gazebo kapena mtunda wawo m'dzikomo, tikukulangizani kuti mukwere kumalo osatha: actinidia, wisteria, mphesa yamphesa, nyamakazi, kukwera maluwa.
Kukula pakhomo
Kulima kwa kalonga sikutanthauza khama lalikulu, komabe, lidzakondwera ndi zotsatira zake zokongoletsera ngati zinthu zina zatha.
Malo ndi kuunikira
Knyazhiki amakonda kuwala, koma osati kutentha ndi dzuwa. Chifukwa cha kukwera kwawo ndikofunika kusankha malo owala, koma palibe dzuwa lomwe likugwa tsiku lonse. Dzuwa lidzachititsa kuti masamba ndi maluwa azipera. Malo abwino kwambiri adzakhala nawo penumbra. Iyenera kutetezedwa ku mphepo, mwinamwake idzasankha maluwa ndi kuwononga masamba.
Ngati mukufuna kukalima pafupi ndi malo ozungulira, nkofunikira kuti muzichita kuchokera kummawa, kum'mwera chakum'mawa, kum'mwera ndi kumwera chakumadzulo. 
Nthaka ndi feteleza
Chomeracho sichimaika zofunikira pamtunda, zimatha kukula m'nthaka iliyonse. Chinthu chokha chimene sichimalola - nthaka yamvula komanso yonyowa kwambiri. Njira yabwino yoyenera kubzala ndi loamy, yachonde, yowala, yosalala, yomwe imapanga chinyezi ndi mpweya ndipo imakhala ndi madzi abwino, ofooka kapena osalowerera.
Musanabzala mpesa, nthaka iyenera kudyetsedwa. Kuchita izi, 5-8 makilogalamu a humus, manyowa ovunda kapena kompositi, 50 g wa superphosphate (mu granules), magalasi awiri kapena atatu a phulusa amaperekedwa patsogolo pa dzenje limene kalonga adzabzalidwe.
Pofuna kuchepetsa acidity ya nthaka, muyenera kusakaniza 50-100 g wa hydrated laimu mmenemo.
Tikufika
Knyazhiki kawirikawiri amamera m'chaka. Pakati pa msewu ukuyenda bwino kuti uchite mu May. Ngakhale n'zotheka ndi kubzala kubzala - kumapeto kwa chirimwe - oyambirira autumn.
Konzani konzekerani dzenjelo ndi miyeso 60x60x60 masentimita, manyowa dothi ndikuyala madzi kuchokera ku 10-15-centimeter wosanjikiza wa vermiculite, njerwa yosweka kapena miyala. Pakati pa kasupe, kubzala feteleza kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwa, pamene m'dzinja - mwezi usanayambe kubzala mmera. 
Ngati mukufuna kukalima pafupi ndi nyumbayo, m'pofunika kukhala kutalika kwa masentimita 30 pakati pawo ndi zomera.
Mukamabzala linga mtunda wa pakati pa mbande ukhale 1.5 mamita.
Chinthu chabwino kwambiri chokhazikitsa linga lidzasintha, boxwood, hawthorn, forsythia, privet, Thunberg barberry.
Pakuti chodzala sankhani zaka ziwiri zamphamvu mbande. Mphukira yonse yomwe ili pamwamba pa maluwa oyambirira ndi awiri akuchotsedwa.
Pansi pa dzenje perekani phiri ndikugawaniza mizu yake. Ndiye ponyani nthaka. Muzu wazu pambuyo mutabzala ayenera kukhala 5-10 masentimita pansi pazitsamba za achinyamata ndi 12-15 masentimita akuluakulu. Liana imathiriridwa, ndipo nthaka yomwe ili pafupi ndi dera la volga imayendetsedwa ndi peat, udzu kapena utuchi.
Mutabzala, zimayendedwe ndikuphatikizidwa ndi chithandizo. Malangizo a Reiki ayenera kukhala olemera ngati pensulo.
Ndikofunikira! Kuteteza liana ku matenda a fungal, chidebe cha mchenga wa mtsinje, chogwirizanitsidwa ndi 250 g wa phulusa ndi phulusa losweka, imatsanuliridwa pa khosi la mbewu pamene choyikacho chikaikidwa mu dzenje lakudzala, ndipo yankho la 25% potaziyamu permanganate limatsanulidwa.
Kusamalira ndi kuthirira
Mpaka zaka zitatu, mpaka mpesa uyamba kuphuka, chisamaliro chachikulu chidzakhala:
- kuthirira;
- kumasula nthaka;
- kuvala.
Manyowa amafunika kawiri pa mwezi. Chovala choyamba chimapangidwa mu gawo la maonekedwe a maluwa, zotsatirazi - zitasiya maluwa ndi kudulira.
Knyazhik amadyetsa organic ndi mineral feteleza. Ndi bwino kuwonjezera urea kuchokera ku zinthu zakutchire (10 g pa 10 l madzi), mullein (1:10), zitosi za mbalame (1:15). Kuchokera ku mchere feteleza - nitroammofosku (10 g pa 10 l madzi), zonse feteleza (10-20 g pa 10 l). 
M'chaka choyamba cha moyo pamene akupanga masamba pamphesa, iwo adzayenera kudulidwa.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Kawirikawiri, kalonga sakhudzidwa kawirikawiri ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Komabe, mwatsoka, izi zimachitika. Powdery mildew, dzimbiri, bulauni malo amatha kufalikira pa mpesa. Kuchokera kumatendawa amaonongeka ndi misomali, slugs, nematodes, mphutsi, makoswe.
Mame a Mealy amaoneka ngati woyera pachimake pa masamba. Ngati kachilomboka kamapezeka, masamba amauma ndipo zomera zimafa. Pofuna kuteteza mpesa ku matenda akuluakulu, m'pofunika kuchita kasupe zowononga kupopera mbewu ndi kutsuka bwinobwino masamba akale mu kugwa. Mphukira wodwala amadulidwa ndikuwonongedwa ndi kuyaka.
Kuti kalonga wanu akudabwa dzimbiri, mabala a bulawuni otsekedwa pazitsamba zazomera zimasonyeza. Kupewa matenda ndi matendawa ndi mankhwala othandiza kupopera mankhwala. 
Brown malo Zikuwoneka ngati mawanga akuda pa masamba ndi madontho wakuda pamwamba pawo. Matendawa ndi ovuta kwambiri, chifukwa amatha kutsogolera imfa ya okwera. Pofuna kupewa, kupopera mbewu Bordeaux madzi, mkuwa sulphate kapena mankhwala "Topsin-M" adzafunikila. Njira zomwezo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chithandizo. Chomeracho chiyenera kudulidwa ndi kutenthedwa, ndipo nthaka yozungulira iyenera kuthiridwa ndi "Readzole" kapena potassium permanganate.
Phunzirani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mankhwalawa "Readzol", "Karbofos", "Topsin-M" kuteteza zomera ku matenda ndi tizirombo.
Kwa chomeracho chinadutsa chiwonongekocho ndulu zamatendaMwezi umodzi musanadzalemo, nthaka iyenera kuchitidwa ndi Nematogon kapena Carbotione. Pofuna kuthana ndi slugs ndi misomali, amagwiritsa ntchito makina awo ndi Metaldehyde. Kuchokera ku mealybugs kumathandiza kupopera "karbofos". Pofuna kuteteza makoswe ku nibbling zomera, amadzazidwa ndi spruce nthambi m'nyengo yozizira.
Kuswana
Kalonga akubala m'njira zinayi:
- timadula;
- kuyala;
- magawano a chitsamba;
- mbewu.
Cuttings 
Cuttings kudula kumapeto June - oyambirira July. Ziyenera kukhala mphukira zamphamvu, zomwe zili ndi mfundo imodzi kapena ziwiri. Anazika mizu yawo mu hotbeds mu dothi lofutukuka. Dothi losakanikizidwa limatsanulira mumphika ndi masentimita 10-15, kuwaza pamwamba ndi masentimita 8 masentimita a mchenga. Mitengoyi imabzalidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 10-15 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake, yokutidwa ndi zojambulazo ndikupanga kutentha kwa 20+ + 25 ° C kwa iwo. Thandizo la kukula ndi lofunika musanadzalemo. Mizu ayenera kuyembekezera patatha masiku 20-30. Pambuyo pa mizu ikuoneka, ndi cuttings ayenera kuziika mu zitsulo ndi kusunga nyengo ina ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse.
Mbewu
Mbewu ziyenera kukhala zochepa. Njira yophweka ndiyo kuwasakaniza ndi mchenga ndi kuwayika iwo ozizira kapena kuwaika mu furiji.
Kufesa mbewu kukonzekera gawo lapansi la nthaka ndi mchenga mu chiŵerengero cha 2: 1. Mbewu imayikidwa pansi ndikupopera ndi botolo la kutsitsi. Phimbani ndi galasi ndikuyika m'chipinda chosentha. Mwezi wa May, mbewu zimabzalidwa m'mabedi a zigawo ziwiri za dothi, gawo limodzi la humus, gawo limodzi la nthaka yambiri, 0,5 mchenga, 0,5 magawo a peat. Mbande zimayikidwa pafupipafupi 3-4 masentimita wina ndi mzake mu gawo la masamba atatu kapena anayi oyambirira. Mtunda pakati pa mizere ikhale 25-30 masentimita. 
Mphukira imasamutsidwa kupita kumalo okula nthawi zonse kumapeto kwa autumn kapena kumapeto kwa nyengo, atatha kupitirira.
Zida
Nyengo yozizira isanayambe, mu October, chomerachi chiyenera kudulidwa ku mizu, kudumpha ndi kukulitsa. Malo obvomerezeka sakuyenera, koma n'zotheka kuphimba chitsamba ndi masamba a spruce. Ndikofunika kuchita izi kokha pambuyo pa chisanu choyamba.
Knyazhiki ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopangira malo, makamaka malo openya. Ubwino wodzala chomerachi ndikuti umadzichepetsa, umamasula bwino, umakhala wotsutsana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, ndi chisanu chopanda mphamvu ndipo sichifuna kuti tithe kukonzekera nyengo yozizira.
