Ngati mukukonzekera kubzala kwanu kapena pa malo a mitengo ndi zomera zina zomwe zingakhale zosangalatsa komanso zosangalatsa, koma nthawi imodzi sizingakhale zofunikira kuti zisamalire komanso sizingatengere nthawi yambiri. kwa nyengo ya dragon. Mtengo wachitsamba, wochokera ku Africa, udzatha kudabwitsa munthu aliyense, ngakhale mlendo woonongeka, ndi mawonekedwe abwino adzakulimbikitsani pokonzekera zochitika zatsopano pamunda wamaluwa. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za kukula ndi kusamalira chidutswa cha dragon.
Nthano
Chinjokacho chimatchedwa "chinjoka" pazifukwa, osati chifukwa chodziwika bwino chabe, komanso ndi nthano za Amwenye akale omwe, monga mukudziwa, ankakonda chilengedwe ndipo ankafuna kupeza mizu ya zochitika zonse zowazungulira.
Kuyambira kalelo, Amwenye adagwiritsa ntchito kuyamwa kwa mtengo ngati machiritso ndi zakuthupi, zomwe zimathandiza kumvetsetsa bwino magwero ndi zolemba zazikulu za nthano iyi.
Malingana ndi nthano iyi, kamodzi panthawi yomwe dziko lapansi linakhala ndi anthu osawerengeka komanso osaphunzira kuposa anthu, zimbalangondo, zomwe sizinafe. 
Anthu, pofuna kupeza chinsinsi cha moyo wamuyaya ndi mphamvu zazikulu, anayamba kuwononga zimbalangondo mu chiyembekezo chakuti magazi awo adzawapatsa mphamvu yofuna ndi kuwalola kuiwala imfa. Komabe, mwazi umene unachotsedwa moterewu unataya zozizwitsa.
Mukudziwa? Zenizeni, dzina la mtengo uwu kuchokera ku Latin amatembenuzidwa ngati "chinjoka chachikazi", chomwe mwina chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe onse a shrub, ofanana ndi chinjoka chophwanyika ndi mapiko ake kukweza ndi kumera kumalo kumbuyo ndi kumutu.
Kwa zaka zambiri kuwonongedwa kwa zimbalangondo ndi anthu kupitirira, mibadwo yambiri ya anthu inasintha pakufunafuna moyo wosatha ndi mphamvu, kufikira imodzi yokha, chinjoka chotsiriza chinakhalabe padziko lapansi.
Anthu anamuthamangitsa kwa nthawi yaitali, sanamulole kuti apulumuke, adampeza pambali, ndipo pomaliza pake chinjoka chinagwa, koma asanamwalire adawakhululukira anthu ake ndi akupha ake. Kumalo amodzi kumene iye anaikidwa, mtengo unakula umene umakhoza kuchiza mabala osiyanasiyana ndi kupereka moyo wosatha kwa aliyense amene analawa kuyamwa kwake. Mtengo uwu unali dracaena. 
Malinga ndi nthano ina ya Aaztec, chomera ichi chakhala nacho kale dzina losiyana pang'ono: "mtengo wa chimwemwe." Akuti mnyamata wankhondo, yemwe mwana wamkazi wa mkulu wa ansembe adamukonda, adalandira kuchokera kwa bambo ake ntchito - kuthira madzi ndi ndodo, yomwe adaipereka kwa msilikali masiku asanu.
Mitengo yovuta kwambiri monga panjan, strelitzia, alokaziya, pachypodium, drimiopsis, hymenocallis, chrysalidocarpus, sheffera, sinadenium, cicas, hovey ndi Forster idzakongoletsanso nyumba yanu.
Zikakhala kuti palibe tsamba limodzi lomwe limakula pa ndodo mu nthawi yomwe yaikidwa, msilikali samangopeza dzanja la mkwatibwi wake, koma adzaphedwa nthawi yomweyo.
Komabe, kwa achinyamata osangalala kwambiri, kumapeto kwa tsiku lachisanu, masamba amaonekera pa ndodo - dracaena inachokera mmenemo. Mwana wamkazi wa wansembe anakwatira msilikali, ndipo anthu asanakhulupirire kuti nthambi ya dracaena, yomwe idadulidwa pakati pausiku pakati pausiku, ikhoza kubweretsa chisangalalo m'chikondi. 
Kufotokozera
Mitundu yambiri ya dracaena ikhoza kupezeka ku Africa, makamaka kumera ku South Asia, ina imapezeka kumadera otentha a Central America.
Dracaenas ndi banja la Asparagaceae ndipo amatha kukula ngati mitengo kapena zitsamba zokoma. Ndi otsiriza ndipo adatchuka kwambiri monga chomera. Dracaena ikhoza kukhala ndi mphamvu yamphamvu, yamtengo wapatali ndi makungwa ofiira, komanso angapo (ang'onoang'ono), omwe ali ndi mthunzi wambiri.
Ma succulents amaphatikizansopo ziphuphu, euphorbia, echinocactus Gruzoni, kumanga berm, mammilaria, Echeveria, hatior, havortiya, agave, achirizone ndi nolin.
Kawirikawiri, makungwawo ndi osalala, pang'onopang'ono amawombera pansi. Tsinde limapitirira pamwamba pakubalalika kwa masamba ovuta, ophwanyika, opapatiza, obiriwira, kuyambira 30 mpaka 100. Masambawo sapanga njira ina yomwe imatchulidwa pa tsinde, koma m'malo mwake amakhala okonzeka kwambiri.
Mukudziwa? Dracaena ndi chomera chokhazikika, koma chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chake, zimakhala zovuta kudziwa molondola zaka za mtengo. Komabe, amakhulupirira kuti dracaena yakale kwambiri pa Dziko lapansi ili pafupi zaka 3,000.
Kukhalapo kwa kachilombo kawiri kowonjezera kumtengo mu thunthu ndi khalidwe la mabala. Mizu ili bwino bwino, imakhala ndi nthambi yokhazikika, ili mu chikhalidwe mmalo mwake, ili ndi mtundu wa lalanje pachigawochi.
Dracaena imamasula mosavuta komanso kwa nthawi yochepa kwambiri, panthawi ya maluwa oyera, ofiira kapena achikasu amapanga pamwamba pa zimayambira, m'zigawo zonse za nyerere zitatu zomwe zimayikidwa mbewu.
Zida
Pakukula kwake, chomeracho sichipanga mphete zamkati pachaka, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi kukula kwa nkhuni zamkati mu thunthu osati mogwirizana ndi mphete, koma makamaka kupyolera muzowonjezereka, komanso momwe chida cha dragon chinapangidwira kuti izi zitheke.
Kumtchire, mitengoyi imatha kufika mamita 15-20, ndipo izi zikukula kwambiri. 
Ngati mutadula tsinde la dracaena, mukhoza kuona kutuluka kwa utomoni wosakanikirana, womwe umakhala wofiira.
Kwa anthu a ku Central America, mankhwalawa amatchedwa "magazi a abale awiri," kapena "vermilion." Ambiri amatha kupatsa chinthu ichi ndi katundu wapadera.
Mutha kuona kuti nthambi za mtengo umenewu nthawi zonse zimayang'ana pamwamba, zomwe zimawonjezera kukongola kwake ndipo zimalongosola kuti mtengo uwu ndi wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa wamakono: nthambiyi ili pafupi kuthetseratu kufunika kokhala ndi nthambi zowonjezera.
Nthawi zambiri Dracet imapezeka kumapiri kapena pamapiri. Mizu yake imasinthidwa bwino kuti mtengowo ukhale ndi mphamvu ya pafupifupi, ngakhale mphepo yamphamvu kwambiri ndipo amatha kupereka gawo la pamwamba pa chomeracho ndi zinthu zonse zofunika, ndikuzichotsa pamtunda wapamwamba. 
Kugwiritsa ntchito katundu
Aztecs, komanso, mwinamwake, anthu akale a ku Canary Islands, anthu a Guanchi, adagwiritsa ntchito madzi omwe adalandira ku dracaena kuti amithetse atsogoleri akufa ndi ansembe akulu. Mitengo ya madzi a mmera uwu ndi yowona, koma motsutsana ndi maziko a zinthu zamakono, monga formalin, iwo salinso ofunika kwambiri.
Mitundu ya masamba a mitundu ina ya zomera izi imagwiritsidwa ntchito popeza zingwe ndi nsalu zonyika. Mitengo ya mtengo uwu imatentha kwambiri, imapereka kuwala pang'ono, komabe, imakhala ndi mphamvu yotentha kwambiri, yomwe imapangitsa kuti zikhale bwino.
Kugwiritsa ntchito matabwa a dracaena monga matabwapentala ndi kovuta chifukwa cha chilengedwe cha mawonekedwe ake. Chofunika kwambiri ndi varnishi zomwe zimachokera ku madzi a chomera chopatsidwa, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku chitsulo, nsalu ndi joinery. 
Kuonjezera apo, pamaziko a chinthu ichi, dawi yachitsogolo imapangidwanso, yomwe imatha kugawana ndi golide wokhala ndi golide. Anthu okhala kumalo kumene dracaena imakula kumatchire, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito madzi ake monga utoto wa zakumwa zoledzeretsa.
Mankhwala amtunduwu amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito chisakanizo cha mowa wamphesa ndi madzi a draceni ngati mankhwala a zilonda zam'mimba. Kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso wa madzi a dracaena kungathenso kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa machiritso ofulumira a zilonda ndi kuvulazidwa, komanso njira yothetsera ziphuphu zamtundu ndi zapakhungu pa khungu.
Mitundu ya draca yajoka
- Marginata Mtundu wotchuka wa dracaena. Kufikira mamita atatu mu msinkhu, amakhala ndi masamba osakanikirana komanso ophwanyika, omwe ali m'mphepete mwake omwe amajambulidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, nthawi zambiri amafiira kapena pinki. Nthawi zina pali gulu lachitatu pakati pa mzere wobiriwira wa pepala ndi mkanjo wakunja - wachikasu, umene umapanganso zowonjezereka bwino.
- Zosangalatsa. Lili ndi masamba ambiri, nthawi zina mpaka masentimita 10. Kutalika kwa tsamba kumatha kufika masentimita 70, ndipo kutalika kwake kuli pafupi mamita 2. Icho chimatchedwa dzina lake ndi maluwa abwino kwambiri ndi okongola kwambiri.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge momwe mungasankhire ndikukula chipinda cha dracaena.
- Derimskaya. Zimakula pang'onopang'ono, koma zikafika msinkhu zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri - zosachepera 1.4 mamita. Kutalika kwa masamba ndi 50 cm. Kuyika kwapadera kwapadera kumaphatikizapo ndi kukhalapo kwa mapepala apakati pa mapepala, malo omwe amasiyana, osati mtundu waukulu.
- Dracaena yowonjezera (Reflex). Mtundu uwu pafupifupi sungapezeke m'munda wamaluwa chifukwa chosowa kuthandizidwa nthawi zonse mvula yambiri yamtunduwu. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya shrub iyi, koma yotchuka kwambiri ndiyo kukhala ndi masamba ndi chikasu.
- Golden Tsitsi labwino kwambiri, losavuta kwambiri ponena za chilengedwe. Kutalika kwa masamba - masentimita 20, m'lifupi - pafupifupi masentimita 15. Masamba amakhala okongola kwambiri, amasonyeza m'mphepete mwake, amitundu yobiriwira, ndi mithunzi yambiri yobiriwira.
Kukula zomera zamkati
Ngati munagula dracaena mumphika, ndiye kuti simungayambe kukonzekera mu chaka choyamba cha kukhalapo kwanu. Young dracaena amafunika kuika tsiku limodzi kamodzi pachaka, pomwe simukuyenera kusintha mphika, komanso kusintha kusintha kwa nthaka.
Komabe, ngati simukukhutira ndi poto limene munabweretsa, kapena kuti nthaka yabwino, kapena mumangofuna kudziwa nthawi yeniyeni yomwe mbeu yanu iyenera kuikidwa, mukhoza kuyambitsa njira yozembera pogwiritsira ntchito ndondomeko yotsatirayi:
- Tengani mphika, mowirikiza umene uyenera kukhala wofanana ndi kukula kwa duwa lopangidwa mmenemo (pakuti chaka choyamba chinjoka 3 lita imodzi mphika ndikwanira). Phika ayenera kukhala osaya komanso lonse momwe zingathere.
- Ikani mchenga waung'ono kapena nthaka iliyonse, 3-4 masentimita 3-4. Pamwamba ndi pangТono kakang'ono ka miyala ya porous kapena miyala. Kenaka, khalani wosanjikiza (masentimita 3-4) ogulitsidwa m'minda yosungiramo zamasamba.
- Kuchokera pamphika yapitayi drazenu, makamaka ndi clod earthy, koma inu simungathe, pita ku mphika watsopano. Yambani mizu yonse kuti agone pansi ndipo musagwedezeke kulikonse.
- Kenaka, mudzaze mizu ya mbeuyo ndi malo okongola kwambiri kuti muzitsemba lonse lonse, ndipo mudzaze mphika wonse ndi dziko lapansi, osati kufika pamphepete ndi zala ziwiri.
- Kenaka, mosamala mosamala madzi opangira shrub, yipukuta masamba ndi nsalu yonyowa pokonza ndi kuika mphika pamalo osaganiziranso.
Ndikofunikira! Kwa zomera zakale, zomwe sizikukula, sizikwanitsa kuchita ntchito yonse chaka chilichonse pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomweyi. Zidzakhala zowonjezereka kuti zikhale m'malo mwazitsulo zatsopano ndi zowonjezera.
Ndi bwino kuika dracaena kwinakwake mu chipinda, makamaka makamaka kutsogolo kwazenera, chifukwa ngakhale sichikuwala kuwala, ndizopanda nzeru kuti tipewe zomera zachilengedwe. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa kusungidwa kwa maluwa awa chaka chonse ndi nyengo yochokera ku +20 mpaka +45 ° C.
Nthawi yonse yotentha, dracaena ayenera kuthiriridwa tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo ndibwino kuti apukute mapepala ake ndi chigoba chofewa. Poyamba kuzizira, ndibwino kuchepetsa kuthirira, ndipo ngati kutentha kumalo omwe dracaena akuyimira, kumatsika kufika +15 ° C, ndiye kuti sichidzasintha. 
Dzidziwitse ndi matenda akuluakulu ndi tizirombo ta dracaena, komanso zomwe zimayambitsa chikasu ndi kugwa kwa masamba a nyumba iyi.
Pothirira feteleza maluwawa amagwiritsira ntchito mchere ndi feteleza, zomwe nthawi ya chilimwe zimayenera kusinthana kupanga kamodzi pa milungu iwiri iliyonse. Za organic feteleza, nkhuni phulusa, mullein kapena zitosi mbalame ndi yabwino yoyenera.
Pakati pa mchere feteleza, nitrophosphate kapena nitroammophosphate ndi yabwino kwambiri. Pomwe nyengo ikuzizira, umuna umaletsedwa, ndipo mu kasupe, pamene kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kumayamba kudutsa + 10 ° C, iwo amakhalanso kachiwiri.
Ndikofunikira! Manyowa a feteleza ali otanganidwa kwambiri m'chilengedwe zinthu, choncho sangagwiritsidwe ntchito mwangwiro. Zojambula za Mullear ndi mbalame ziyenera kulumikizidwa mu chiŵerengero cha 1:10 ndi madzi, ndipo phulusa la nkhuni liyenera kusakanizidwa ndi peat.
Momwe mungachulukire
Nthawi yabwino yoyamba kubzala izi ndi theka la chaka. Njira yabwino kwambiri yoperekera kunyumba ya dracaena ndi kubereka pogwiritsa ntchito cuttings. 
Kuwonjezera apo tidzayendera pang'onopang'ono pofotokoza izi:
- Choyamba, tengani mpeni wothandizidwa ndi mowa ndipo mosamala mudulani nsonga kuchokera kwa kholo loyamba. Chokakamizidwa chiyenera kukhala pamtunda wa 6-7 masentimita kuchokera kumbali yake. Zidzakhala bwino kupanga makilogalamu angapo 45.
- Ndiye tikhoza kuchita mwa njira ziwiri: ikani kudula m'madzi ndikudikirira kuti mizu iwoneke kapena ayambike mofulumira. Dziwani kuti njira yachiwiri imapereka zotsatira zowonjezereka komanso zowonjezereka.
- Kutalika kwa kudula kuyenera kukhala osachepera 5 masentimita, mwinamwake pali mwayi kuti sichidzavomerezedwa. Kuti mukwaniritse kutalika kwake, mukhoza kuchotsa masamba ochepa. Sakanizani nsonga ya chomeracho mu njira yothetsera "mizu" kapena zina zowonjezera kukula ndi kuphika mphika.
- M'phika laling'ono, ndi bwino kuwonjezera malo ndi mapepala apamwamba; malo oti anthu odyera bwino amagulidwe mu sitolo ya maluwa adzagwira ntchito bwino. M'nthaka m'pofunikira kupanga zochepa za maganizo.
- Yesetsani kudula mu pulasitiki ndikuikankhira pang'ono pansi. Kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino, kudula kungayikidwe pansi pa nyumba kapena mu wowonjezera kutentha.
- Pitirizani kudula kutentha kwa 22 mpaka 26 ° C. Musaiwale kumwa madzi nthawiyo ndikupukuta masamba ake ndi madzi ofunda. Mphika umasungidwa bwino pawindo. Osadandaula ngati pang'ono mapepala apansi sapezeka - chifukwa dracaena ndizovuta.
Pa mwezi umodzi mudzalandira chomera chosasunthika, chokonzekera ku malo osatha a kukula. Kamwana kakang'ono kamaluwa kameneka kamasowa nthawi yowonjezeredwa kuti iwonetsedwe ku dzuwa, kotero kuti ikhoza kupanga zinthu zonse zofunika pa ntchito yake yofunikira.
Monga mukuonera, palibe dacaena yovuta kukula. Yang'anirani mitundu yanu ya nyumba, ndipo iwo adzakondwera maso anu kwa nthawi yaitali ndi mawonekedwe awo okonzekera bwino.
