Manchurian Apricot ndi mtengo wokongola kwambiri umene ukhoza kukhala wokongoletsa ndi kukondweretsa munda kumbuyo kwako. Mitengo iyi ikuwoneka yokongola mwa mawonekedwe a mipanda yozungulira mipanda kapena malamba a m'nkhalango. Pakati pa maluwa apricots akuphimbidwa ndi zodabwitsa zokongola za pinki za maluwa onunkhira kwambiri. Pazinthu zenizeni za kukula pakhomopo mtengo wokongoletsera ndi zipatso zodyedwa tidzakambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Malongosoledwe a zomera
Abrikos Manchurian, m'Chilatini - Prúnus mandschúrica, ndi ya Slivovyh. Mtengo uwu uli mamita 15 mu msinkhu, uli ndi masamba okongola ndi korona wonyezimira, ukuponyera mphukira zambiri. Mphepete ndi mdima wakuda, wosweka ndi mizere yakuya. 
Maluwa a pinki, oposa 2 cm kukula kwake, pamagulu amakonzedwa m'magulu kapena pamodzi, pamagetsi ochepa. Mtengo umaphuka kwambiri, masika onse kuyambira April-May, pafupi masiku khumi ndi awiri.
Masamba amakula mpaka masentimita 12, amakhala ndi mazira ambiri, mawonekedwe a biconicular, pamwamba.
Zipatso ndizochepa, mpaka 2.5 masentimita awiri, chikasu-lalanje, velvety pubescent. Kupatula nthawi - kuyambira kumapeto kwa July. Mtengo umene ukhoza kukhala ndi moyo kwa zaka zoposa 100 umakula mosavuta kuchokera ku mbewu ya zipatso.
Mudzakhala ndi chidwi chodziŵa za zomwe zimapanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya apricots monga "Triumph", "Red Cheek", "Black Velvet", "Black Prince", "Kuban Black", "Prince March", "Zherdela", "Peach".
Kufalitsa komanso zachilengedwe
Manchurian apricot ndi chosowa chotchedwa Red Book chomera. Amakula ku China kumpoto chakum'maŵa chakum'mawa, kumpoto kwa Korea, komanso m'madera akummwera a Primorsky Krai ku Russia. 
Mtengo uwu ukhoza kulekerera chilala ndi kutentha. Amakonda kuwala kokwanira, koma samafuna nthaka: imatha kukula ngakhale pamtunda wouma.
Manchurian apricot ali ndi mizu yambiri komanso yaikulu, choncho ndibwino kuti muiyimire pamodzi ndi malo osungiramo zida kuti mukhazikitse mchenga, komanso m'mapiri, kuti muwateteze ku zisokonezo.
Mukudziwa? Ma apricot a manchurian adatenga dzina lawo m'zaka za XVIII-XIX kuchokera kumadera akum'mawa chakum'mawa kwa China - Manchuria, kumene adagawidwa. Pambuyo pake, mitengoyi kuchokera ku China ikagunda dziko la Russia la Russia, dzina lake zasungidwa kumbuyo kwawo.
Kugwiritsa ntchito popanga malo
Mukamabzala mitengo ya zipatso zokongoletsera pa chiwembu chanu, muyenera kusankha cholinga chawo: izi zidzakhala mitengo yokhazikika, kubzala limodzi kapena munda wonse.
Mudzakhala wopambana mulimonsemo: mitengo iyi kuyambira April mpaka Okongoti idzakongoletsa chigawochi ndikusangalatseni diso ndi chipolowe cha mitundu. 
- Popeza maluwa a mtengo umenewu ndi obiriwira komanso oposa 2 masentimita kukula kwake, awa ndiwo oyambirira masika a zomera, omwe amawaza fungo labwino kwambiri kuposa minda.
- Pamene fruiting ikubwera, pakati pa masamba owala a masamba otsegulidwa, nyali zazing'ono za golide zidzakhala kuwala.
- M'dzinja, masamba adzakhala magazi ofiira a magazi ndipo adzawotcha pamtengo mpaka chisanu choyamba, kukumbukira munda wopanda kanthu ndi kuwala kwake.
Ngati mtengo uwu ukugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati tapeworm mu malo okongoletsera, izo zidzakopa chidwi chonse ndi kuzungulira kumbuyo kwa nyumbayo, gazebos kapena mipanda yokongoletsera.
Muzitsamba zobiriwira, mitengo ya apricot ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana imabzalidwa pamodzi ndi mitengo ina. Zimagwirizanitsidwa bwino ndi mtundu wa Manchurian Birch, Mongolia, thumba la juniper ndi spruce, Amur linden, dimorphant ndi mitengo ina ndi zitsamba. 
Mukudziwa? A Ulaya sanadziwe za apricots mpaka Alexander Wamkulu adawabweretsa ku Greece kuchokera Kummawa. Iwo anadza kwa Agiriki kuti alawe ndipo posakhalitsa anafalikira mu Ulaya.
Zipatso za mtengo
Chokolola choyamba cha zipatso kuchokera ku mitengo ya apricot chingakhoze kudikiridwa zaka 5-7 mutabzala. Amayamba kucha kumapeto kwa July kapena kumayambiriro kwa August.
Apricots ali ndi mawonekedwe ofiira, obiriwira, okhala ndi lalanje. Iwo samakonda kwambiri yowutsa mudyo, yowonjezereka kuposa mitundu ya kumwera, ndipo amapereka kukoma kowawa. Chifukwa cha kulawa koteroko, sikuti aliyense amakonda kudya mwa mawonekedwe awo achilengedwe.
Koma amapanga jamu onunkhira, amawasunga komanso amawombera.
Phunzirani kupanga kupanikizana, kusunga ndi apricot compote m'nyengo yozizira, komanso momwe mungayume ndi kuzizira bwino.Zipatso za munthu aliyense zimakhala zolemera magalamu 20.
Kukula pakhomo
Kuti mukhale ndi mitengo yokongola yotere kumunda wanu, muyenera kutsata malingaliro ena. Pansipa tidzakambirana za miyambo ya kukula kwa manchurian apricot.
Mbali za kubzala ndi kuswana
Nthaŵi yoyenera kwambiri yobzala Manchurian apricot ndikumapeto kwa April. Chifukwa cha masiku okwanira a dzuwa, dothi limapuma bwino komanso limapitirizabe kuzizira. Chofunika chachikulu chokhazikitsa ndi kuchita izi musanayambe kuphuka zipatso.
Ngati mwagula mbande m'dzinja, muyenera kuwatenga kwambiri. M'nyengo yozizizira yozizira, mizu yosaoneka ingathe kuonongeka, motero onetsetsani kuti mumadula nthaka kuzungulira thunthu. Cholinga chogwiritsa ntchito - tiyeni tiyankhule za pansipa. 
Mukamabzala, nkofunika kuonetsetsa kuti mbande imapatsidwa mpweya wabwino, chifukwa nthawi yamasika mitengo imakhala yotentha kwambiri ndi dzuwa. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti ndi malo ati omwe angakhale nawo.
Mukasankha malo oti mufike, muyenera kukonza dzenje. Kukula kwakukulu ndi masentimita makumi asanu ndi limodzi (70 cm) m'kati mwake ndi chimodzimodzi m'lifupi. Pakuti kasupe kubzala dzenje ukukonzekera m'dzinja ndipo ili ndi manyowa, zomwe zikufotokozedwa pansipa.
Ndikofunikira! Chokolola chachikulu cha apurikoti Manchu chimapereka magulu odzala m'magulu ndi mitundu ina, monga amalola pollination maluwa. Ngati kukula kwa webusaitiyi sikulola izi, ndiye kuti kusonkhanitsa kumachitika pamtengo umodzi ndi nthambi za mitundu ina.
Mukamabzala, kukhalapo kwa anthu awiri ndi kofunika: Mmodzi wa iwo ayenera kugwira mtengo kumbuyo kwake, ndipo wina panthawiyi adzawuwaza ndi nthaka, kuphatikizapo mizu. Mutabzala, ndikofunikira kuthirira madziwo ndi madzi okwanira ndikuphimba ndi mulch. 
Pali njira ziwiri zokula mtengo wabwino uwu m'munda wanu: kuchokera ku miyala ndi kumtenganitsa. M'munsimu timapereka tsatanetsatane wa njira izi.
Kuchokera ku mafupa
Pali zina mwazomwe mumabzala mtengo wa apricot. Powabzala mu kugwa, mukhoza kuyembekezera kumera kosiyana: kuyambira 0 mpaka 90%. Zomwe zimabzalazi zikhoza kusungidwa m'nthaka, kusunga kumera kwa zaka zambiri, ndipo zikhoza kuwuka mwamsanga nthawi iliyonse, ngakhale sizikuyenera nyengo yokula.
Onani mbali za kukula kwa apricots kuchokera ku mwala.
Pofuna kuchita zowonjezereka ndikupeza zotsatirazi, ndi bwino kudzala mbewu isanafike nyengo yozizizira, mwinamwake, nthawi ya autumn thaws, mbewu zomwe zidabzalidwa isanathe kudzuka m'mawa kwambiri ndi kufa pa chisanu choyamba. Mwa njira, izi zikhoza kuchitika masika.
Choyamba, muyenera kudzaza madzi osankhidwa chifukwa chodzala mafupa ndikuchotsa zonsezi - kotero kudzakhala kulira kwa zinthu zosayenera. 
Kenaka, mbewu zabwino ziyenera kubzalidwa mozama pafupifupi 1 masentimita, osalola kuti muzu wa mchenga ukhale pansi ndi kuvunda.
Musanabzala, zingakhale bwino kuti mukhale ndi miyezi itatu: gwiritsani mafupa m'chipinda chozizira kapena firiji pamtentha wa 0 ° C, mutayika kale mu chidebe ndi mchenga wouma, osaphimba. Kuzizira kotereku kudzawonjezera kuwapatsa bwino kumera.
Ndikofunikira! Manchurian apricot akhoza kukula pa nthaka iliyonse. Komabe, ngati malowa ali ndi madzi oyandikana nawo pansi, mtengo umafuna madzi abwino. Pakuti izi, wosanjikiza wa wosweka mwala ndi makulidwe 30 cm ndi abwino.
Mutabzala ndi kumera kwa mbande, muyenera kusamalidwa mosamala: ayenera kuthiriridwa, kumasulidwa kuzungulira nthaka, kuchotsa namsongole ndi kusungunuka. Kumapeto kwa zaka ziwiri, mitengo yaying'ono ikukonzekera ku malo osatha.
Kuyala maenje a apurikoti
Cuttings
Pofuna kubala Manchurian apricot, cuttings ayenera kukonzekera kumapeto kwa June - oyambirira July, ndipo anabzala zaka khumi zapitazi.
Pofuna kukonzekera zakutchire, muyenera kudula awiri kapena atatu omwe masamba amakula, kuchokera ku nthambi zamphamvu komanso zolimba za mtengo wa makolo.
Kuchokera pamwamba, phesi limadulidwa perpendicular mpaka kukula kwa thunthu, pafupifupi masentimita 1 pamwamba pa Mphukira, ndipo kuchokera pansi pa mdulidwe wapangidwa beveled. The cuttings okonzedwa motereyi anayikidwa mu chotengera ndi madzi kukula stimulator ndi kubweretsa mu ofunda chipinda (pa kutentha osachepera 24 ° C) kwa maola 15.
Ndikofunika kwambiri kulingalira za mlingo wa madzi mumatangi ndi cuttings. Kuti mizu ipangidwe mwakhama, mumasowa okwanijeni okwanira, chifukwa zimapangidwa m'malo a kudula, kumene malire a mpweya ndi madzi amapita. 
Ngati thanki ili lakuya ndikudzazidwa ndi madzi kuposa momwe ikufunira - zikutanthauza kuti padzakhala mpweya wochepa pansipa, ndipo izi zidzachititsa kuti zinthu zowyala zisawonongeke.
Malo obzala ayenera kukonzekera pasadakhale. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupanga zing'onozing'ono za kutalika kwake, kufika mpaka theka la mita ndi m'lifupi masentimita 85 mpaka 90. Ikani pansi pa chigamba ndi njerwa yosweka ndikuwazaza mchenga pamwamba. Kutalika kwa chingwechi chiyenera kukhala masentimita 5.
Werengani malingaliro pa chisamaliro ndi kubzala kwa apurikoti, za zochitika za autumn ndi kasupe kubzala.
Chotsatira chotsatira pa njirayi chidzakhala mchenga wosakaniza mchenga, nthaka, manyowa ndi phulusa la matabwa (1: 3: 1: 1.5). Kenaka, muyenera kufalitsa mogwiritsira ntchito osakaniza pansi pa njirayo, yongolinganizika ndi kuyamwa ndi njira yochepa ya potassium permanganate.
Anabzala mbande m'njira yoti pansi pake pangokhala pang'ono kugwedeza nthaka yosakaniza pansi pa njirayo. Pochita izi, munthu mmodzi amanyamula sapling kumtunda wofunikako, winayo - amagona ndi nthaka yomweyo kusakaniza mpaka pamtunda pansi pa masamba. 
Kuti abise mbande kuchokera kusinthika kwadzidzidzi kutentha, kanyumba kakang'ono kamangidwe pamwamba pa aliyense wa iwo ndipo amachikulunga ndi filimu kumbali zonse.
Nthaka ndi feteleza
Ngati mukukonzekera kuti mubzalitse mbande pamalo pomwe mukukula, muyenera kukonzekera kuti mugwe.
Mudzazaza ndi humus, yokhala ndi ndowa imodzi kapena ziwiri ya mullein ndi kuwonjezera katsulo kamodzi ka phulusa, 400 g ya sulfate ya potaziyamu ndi 700 g ya granulated superphosphate. Pakubwera kasupe, dzenje limachotsedwa ndi humus, ndipo mmenemo mukhoza kubzala kale apricot.
Mwamsanga pamene zizindikiro zoyamba za kukula zikuwonekera, nkofunika kupanga kuvala kwa madzi ndi manyowa a cuttings: tengani magawo 6 a madzi pa gawo limodzi la manyowa ndipo mulole kuima kwa masiku asanu ndi awiri. Kudyetsa mitengo bwino kumachitidwa pothirira madzi. 
Ndikofunikira! M'chaka, chisanu chimasungunuka, apricoti amafunikira potashi ndi phosphate feteleza, ndipo panthawi yochuluka fruiting kufunika kwa nayitrojeni kumawonjezeka.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Mukamabzala mbande ndi kukulunga mu greenhouses, muyenera kuwasamalira moyenera. Amapanga malo abwino kwambiri a mitengo: ndi kupopera mankhwala a cuttings okha, osati a dziko lapansi kuzungulira iwo, kufikira atayamba kukula mwakhama.
Ngakhale apricot ya Manchurian imakhalanso ndi chilala, imayenera kuthiriridwa nthawi zonse panthawi yopatsa komanso kukula kwakukulu. Izi ndizochitika makamaka miyezi ngati May ndi June. Pambuyo pa mtengo umayenera kuthirira kokha pa chilala, chomwe chimachitika mu July - oyambirira a August.
Mitengo yothirira ikuwerengedwera motere: osachepera madzi okwanira 1 litre amafunika 1 mita imodzi ya nthaka ya nthaka. Pakati pa nyengo youma, mlingoyo uyenera kuwirikiza. 
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti n'kosatheka kuthirira madzi mvulayi mu August, chifukwa kukula kwa mphukira kungachedweke ndipo sikungayambe kuphuka mpaka kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira, chifukwa chazimene zimawombera.
Kutsegula ndi kukulumikiza
M'chaka chachiwiri kapena chachitatu mutabzala mtengo wa apricot, nkofunikira kuti musamamwe madzi nthawi zonse komanso kudyetsa chilimwe, komanso kumasula nthaka pansi pake, komanso kudula mtengo wa mtengo.
Mvula ikagwa, nthaka nthawi zambiri imagwedezeka, kotero imayenera kumasulidwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa osati aeration okha, komanso kuti zisunge. N'zosatheka kukumba nthaka, chifukwa izi zingasokoneze mizu ya mbewu.
Kuphatikizira kumachitika ndi utuchi, peat, udzu kapena udzu.
Kumapeto kwa chaka chachinai mutabzala, ndibwino kuti musasunthire mitengo, chifukwa izi zadzaza ndi mapangidwe a mizu yomwe imakhala yozizira. 
Ndi bwino kufesa udzu pansi pa mtengo, umene nthawi zina umatchetche. Motero, khalidwe la nthaka lidzasintha.
Kwa nyengo yozizira, chips kapena utuchi wa utuchi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti lizitha kudula nthaka. Izi zidzasangalatsa mizu ndikupulumutsa sapling ku chisanu. Pokhapokha chokhazikika choyamba cha chisanu chikugwa, chiyenera kumangoyang'aniridwa mozungulira mtengo.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mtengo wa Manchurian utaya chinyezi, zimathandiza kuchepetsa kukula kwa chipatso m'nyengo yamakono, komanso kuchepetsa mapangidwe a mazira ochuluka komanso zokolola zochepa kwa chaka chotsatira.
Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira
Ngakhale apricots a Manchurian amadziwika chifukwa cha hardiness yawo yozizira, amafunikanso kukonzekera kuzizira. Muyenera kuyamba kuphika mitengo mu August. Kuti nkhuni pamphukira zipse bwino, m'pofunikira kudyetsa mbande ndi phosphorous-potashi feteleza. Monga tanena kale, kuthirira kuchepa panthawiyi. 
Takhala tikufotokozera momwe tingayankhire mizu m'nyengo yozizira. Komabe, muzu wa mtengowo ukusowa kutenthedwa, chifukwa mu nthawi iyi sikuti chimfine ndi chimfine chikutentha kwambiri.
Izi zikhoza kuyambitsa chisanu pa khosi, zomwe sizilola kulowetsa kwa mpweya ku mizu, ndipo mtengo ukhoza kufooka ndi kufa.
Choncho, mulch woteteza mulch ayenera kukhala masentimita 20 mu msinkhu, ndipo thunthu palokha liyenera kuvulazidwa ndi agrofiber kapena spunbond (mafakitale insulators) kuchokera muzu kupita ku nthambi zoyamba.
Ngati kukongola kwa mitengo ya apurikoti kumagwirizanitsidwa bwino, izi zikhoza kuteteza chitetezo ngakhale kutentha kwambiri. 
Amalimbikitsidwanso kukulunga mitengo ikuluikulu ya wintering apricots ndi kudumphadumpha kumamverera kuteteza motsutsana ndi makoswe. Lembani mbiya ndi zinthu izi zisamakhale zolimba, kusiya mpweya wokwera. Mtundu wamtundu wapamwamba ukhoza kukulunga ndi agrofiber. Izi zimapereka zina zowonjezereka ndikuthandizira kutuluka kwa mpweya.
Mukhozanso kumanga kanyumba kakang'ono pamwamba pa mtengo uliwonse. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kukulunga mmera ndi zida zowonjezera kutentha, kenaka pangani zikhomo 4 kuzungulira ndi kukulunga ndi pulasitiki.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Koposa zonse, ma apricots a Manchu amakhudzidwa ndi matenda a fungal. Izi zimapezeka nthawi zambiri mvula yamvula. Chifukwa cha kutentha kwa masamba ndi zipatso zingathe kukhala ndi klyasterosporioz, verticillis, moniliosis.
Phunzirani momwe mungagwirire ndi tizirombo ndi matenda a apricots.Pofuna kupewa izi, mitengo ya apurikoti imayenera kudulidwa nthawi zonse ndi kupopedwa ndi fungicides, ndi mitengo ikuluikulu yofiira ndi nthambi zamagulu.
Mdani wina wa mitengo ya apricoti ndi ma aphid. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayika m'matumbo, timayika pamunsi pa impso, zomwe zimakhala mphukira chaka chimodzi.Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, pamene mapepala oyambirira akuwoneka, mphutsi zimachokera ku makoswe. Amayamba kudyetsa timadzi timene timapanga tsambalo, kumbali yake pansi. Komanso, nsabwe za m'masamba zimakonda madzi a zomera.
Ngakhale masamba a apurikoti, omwe amakhudzidwa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, samatha kupota, amadzichepetsa pang'onopang'ono.
Pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka kwa mitengo ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndi kofunikira ngakhale musanayambe kuphulika, ndipo panthawi yomwe amawululira kumapeto kwa nyengo, kupopera mankhwala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda "Decis" kapena zofanana zake. 
Chifukwa cha makhalidwe ndi makhalidwe ake abwino, apricoti a Manchurian angatenge malo apamwamba pa zomangamanga za munda wanu.
Mwa kusamalira mitengo iyi chaka chonse, mudzalandira malingaliro okondweretsa ndi zipatso zochuluka zowonjezera zipatso, zomwe zimapangidwira bwino kwambiri mapiritsi, mavitamini ndi mavitamini. Kuphatikiza apo, mudzathandizira kufalikira kwa zomera zosadziwika komanso zothandiza.
