Bougainvillea (Bougainvillea) - chomera chotchuka cha banja la Niktaginovye, anabwera kwa ife kuchokera ku South America. Kufalikira chifukwa cha nthawi yaitali maluwa komanso zokongoletsera zabwino.
Bougainvillea - osati chodabwitsa kwambiri chomera, chotero, kukula ndi kusamalira izo pansi pa mphamvu ya alimi a novice.
Mukudziwa? Maluwawo amatchulidwa kuti woyenda ku France Louis Antoine de Bougainville, yemwe anabweretsa chomera ku Ulaya.
Bougainvillea: kufotokoza kwa mbewu
Chikhalidwe cha bougainvillea ndi chakuti chomeracho, malinga ndi kudulira, chingapangidwe monga shrub komanso ngati mtengo wa mtengo.
Zimakhala zochepa, koma minga yamphamvu ndi masamba ovunda ndi mapeto ake. Maluwa ochepa, mtundu wofiira, wozungulira mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yomwe imadalira mitundu yosiyanasiyana (zofiira, zofiira, pinki, pichesi, ndi zina zotero).
Kusankha malo a nyumba za bougainvillea
Malo abwino kwambiri a maluwa a mkati mwa bougainvillea adzakhala mawindo kumwera ndi kumadzulo kwa nyumba kapena nyumba.
M'nyengo yotentha, mphika umayenera kutulutsidwa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti mpweya wabwino ukhalepo kuti mbewuyo ilandire kuchuluka kwa kuwala ndi mpweya wabwino.
Komabe, kuwala kwa dzuwa pa masamba kungayambitse kutentha, motero kutentha kwa masiku a chilimwe kumalimbikitsa kuti mthunzi ukhale mthunzi.
Maonekedwe a nthaka ya chomera
M'masitolo apadera, mukhoza kugula chisakanizo cha zomera zonse kapena kukonzekera nokha. Maonekedwe a dothi la bougainvillea ayenera kuikidwa mofanana:
- humus;
- peat;
- mchenga;
- dziko la sod.
Mavuto otentha
Kutentha kwabwino kwambiri kwa maluwa a bougainvillea kudzakhala 22-30 ° C, ndipo panthawi yonseyo kudzakhala 4-7 ° C.
Pakati pa nyengo ya kuchepa kwa nyengo, zomera zimatsanulira masamba. Madyera atsopano adzawonekera kumayambiriro kwa masika.
Ndikofunikira! Pa kutentha pansi pa 4 ° C, bougainvillea amafa.
Kubzala ndi kuika bougainvillea
Nthawi yabwino yopanga duwa ndi pakatikati pa masika. Bougainvillea yokhala ndi mavitamini imabzalidwa miphika ya 1.5-5 l.
Mbewu zazing'ono zimaikidwa zaka ziwiri zilizonse, zakale - ngati zili zofunika, zaka 3-5. Pansi pa thanki amatha kufalitsa mchere wambiri, wokhala ndi dothi lochepetsedwa, miyala yochepa, miyala yamtengo wapatali, ndi nthaka yatsopano yosakaniza.
Chomera chomwe chimafuna kusuntha chimakhala madzi ambiri, mosamala kuchotsedwa ndi dothi ladothi, ndi kuyika maluwa pamwamba pake, amasamutsira ku mphika watsopano. Kenaka dothi lawonjezeredwa ku chidebecho komanso pang'ono.
Mtunda pakati pa mizu ndi makoma a mphika ayenera kukhala osachepera 2-3 cm.
Ndikofunikira! Kuti apange chomera mofulumira mutatha kuika, ayenera kusiya masiku angapo popanda kuthirira, mumthunzi.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji bougainvillea?
Maluwa a Bougainvillea kunyumba amamwa kuthirira, kudulira ndi kutulutsa feteleza.
Kuthirira bougainvillea
M'chilimwe, bougainvillea imayenera kuthiriridwa 1-2 pa mlungu. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti palibe chinyezi chokhazikika mu mphika. Madzi ochokera mu mphika wa mphika ayenera kuthiridwa, mwinamwake mizu idzayamba kuvunda.
M'nyengo yozizira, ndikwanira kubzala nthaka kamodzi pa masabata awiri kuti mupewe kuyanika. Kutsikira kutentha mu chipinda, chochepa chinyezi chimafunika ndi chomera. Ngati bougainvillea yataya masamba, ndiye kuthirira kumayimitsidwa palimodzi.
Kupanga ndi kudulira bougainvillea
Kudula bougainvillea kunyumba sikovuta.
Kumapeto kwa yophukira - oyambirira chisanu mphukira ndifupikitsidwa ndi theka. M'chaka, mapangidwe a bougainvillea amapitirira.
Pofuna kudula bougainvillea, musanayambe ntchito, imayang'aniridwa mosamala. Ndikofunika kuchotsa zowonongeka, zopotoka, zopanda bwino.
M'nyengo yotentha, mwamsanga mutatha maluwa, ndi bwino kudula nthambi zazing'ono, zomwe zidzathamanga mapangidwe a maluwa atsopano.
Kudulira bwino bougainvillea kungakhale, kusiya nthambi zoposa 3-4 zaka, popeza zilibe masamba ndipo sizikula pambali.
Ndi kudulira koyenera, bougainvillea ikhoza kupangidwa ngati chigoba, mtima, ndi zina.
Kupaka pamwamba
Kuyambira kasupe mpaka autumn, bougainvillea imadyetsedwa masiku khumi ndi atatu. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tipange feteleza feteleza ndi zovuta zowonjezera mchere. Komabe, ziyenera kuzindikiridwa kuti ndi nayitrogeni wochulukirapo, mbali zimakula zimakula kwambiri, ndipo mapangidwe amaluwa amachepetsanso.
Choncho, nthawi ya maluwa m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza ndi phosphorous. Panthawi yonse yopuma, zomera sizikusowa kudya.
Mtsinje wa Bougainvillea
Mbalame za Bougainvillea zimafunikira kuthandizidwa kuti zikhale zolemera. Maluwa aakulu amafunikira nsungwi kapena waya, ndipo zomera zazing'ono zidzakhala ndi waya wokwanira. Amagwidwa ndi theka, amajambulidwa kumbali yowongoka ndikukakhala pansi pamaluwa.
Kubereka kwa bougainvillea kunyumba
Pofuna kufalitsa bougainvillea, monga lamulo, gwiritsani ntchito njira ya mbewu, kukulumikiza pamodzi ndi kudulira mpweya.
Njira ya Mbewu
Kuberekera kwa bougainvillea kuchokera ku mbewu kunyumba kumafuna nthawi yochuluka. Choyamba, muyenera kukonzekera nthaka, kusakaniza peat ndi mchenga mofanana.
Mbewu isanayambe kubzala imalimbikitsidwa kuti zilowerere kwa maola angapo mu kukula kokondweretsa. Amaikidwa mozama pafupifupi 0,5 masentimita. Kuti muyamere, m'pofunikira kukhala ndi kutentha m'chipinda cha 25-30 ° C ndikupatsanso kutentha kwa mbeu.
Mphukira amafunika kupopera mankhwala nthawi ndi madzi ndi kuwomba. Ngati kubereka kumachitika m'nyengo yozizira, m'pofunikira kuunikira mbewu ndi nyali za fulorosenti. Ngati izi zidzakwaniritsidwa, mphukira idzawoneka mu miyezi 2-3.
Makhalidwe a mpweya
Mwinanso, mungathe kufalitsa bougainvillea pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya. Kuti muchite izi, pamodzi mwa mphukira yaitali mumapanga mphete zingapo. Nthambiyo imasokonezeka, malo a kudula amaikidwa pamwamba pa dziko lapansi ndi goli, ndiyeno mopepuka owazidwa ndi nthaka.
Patapita nthawi, mphukira zazing'ono zimayamba kukula kuchokera ku masamba. Mapazi atakhala amphamvu, akhoza kupatukana ndi chomera cha amayi ndi kuikidwa pamalo atsopano.
Tsinde la cuttings
Nthaŵi zambiri panyumba ya bougainvillea imafalikira mwa kudula. M'chaka, mungagwiritse ntchito nthambi zomwe zatsalira mutatha kudulira, mu mphukira za chilimwe chifukwa chaichi.
Pa chiguduli cha 10 cm yaitali, chitsulo chimapangidwa pansi pa Mphukira, masamba otsika amachotsedwamo ndi kulowetsedwa mu kukula kokondweretsa. Pambuyo pake, nthambi imayikidwa mu nthaka yokonzedwa pambali ya 45% pa 2-3 internodes.
The optimum sing'anga kwa rooting kudula adzakhala osakaniza mchenga, malasha ndi sphagnum moss. Kutentha kumafunika kukhala pafupi 20-25 ° C. Kufunikiranso kuthirira moyenera komanso kusokonezeka. Muyenera kutsuka nthawi zonse madzi ndi mpweya.
Mukudziwa? Chomera chofulumira kwambiri chimachokera muzipinda zapadera zokhala ndi zobiriwira.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Kawirikawiri, zomera zimasokonezeka ndi tizirombo ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, nsabwe za m'masamba, ndi mealybugs. Pofuna kupewa matenda, nthawi zonse muyenera kuchotsa fumbi kumapazi, komanso kuchotsani masamba owuma ndi inflorescences.
Ngati tizilombo timadziŵa, mbali zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimachotsedwa, zowonongeka zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Chinyezi chosasunthika pa mizu chingayambitse chitukuko cha matenda a fungal. Choncho, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira boma la ulimi wothirira ndikupewa kudula nthaka.
Bougainvillea yokhala ndi chisamaliro chabwino ndi kubereka bwino idzasangalala ndi maluwa obiriwira.
