Ng'ombe ya ku Belgium ndi imodzi mwa oimira nyama zomwe zimakopa zozizwitsa ndi zolakwitsa. Mitunduyi inalumikiza makamaka nyama, kotero maonekedwe ake ndi achilendo.
Ng'ombe ili ndi ubwino wake ndi zovuta zake, werengani za kusiyana kwa mitundu yomwe ili pansipa.
About kuswana
Mitunduyi inalembedwa ku Belgium pafupi ndi theka lazaka za zana la 20. Khungu la nyamayo ndi lofiira komanso lochepa. Nthawi zina khungu limatha kuyaka buluu, choncho nthawi zambiri limatchedwa buluu. Kuti tipeze mtundu uwu m'mitundu yambiri, chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zabwino kwambiri zakuthupi anasankhidwa.
Musanagule ng'ombe, muyenera kudzidziwitsa nokha zinsinsi za kusankha kwake. Ngati mukufuna kugula ng'ombe ya mkaka, timalimbikitsa kuyang'ana TOP-7 mwa mitundu yabwino kwambiri.
Ng'ombe ya buluu imakhala nayo yapadera chifukwa cha ntchito yapadera ya DNA, yomwe imayambitsa kutulutsa myostatin, mapuloteni omwe amaletsa kukula kwa minofu. Choncho, pafupifupi minofu yonse ya thupi ndi kukula kokongola kumawoneka pa chinyama. Kwa misala yayikuluyi, ng'ombe izi zimatchedwa dzina la zilembo. Nthawi zambiri amafaniziridwa ndi omanga thupi, popeza pafupifupi minofu yonse yomwe imapezeka ngakhale pakhungu imawonekera m'thupi. 
Mukudziwa? Ng'ombe ndi ng'ombe zamphongo zinayamba kukhala zinyama pang'onopang'ono - Iwo sankadziwa momwe angathamangire mwamsanga kapena kusaka, iwo analibe zingwe zamphongo kapena ziboda, zomwe zinawathandiza kupeza chakudya. Kotero, iwo anapanga njira yina yodyera - Yambani mwamsanga chakudya popanda kuchifuna ndi kuthawa. Ndipo muzitsatira kenako, pamalo abwino.
Maonekedwe ndi zochitika za mtunduwu
"A Belgium" ali ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa komanso osakumbukika. Minofu ya thupi imakula kwambiri, koma imawonekera kwambiri pamapewa ndi kumbuyo. Koma ngakhale izi zikuwoneka zochititsa mantha nthawi zina, zinyama zili ndi khalidwe lokhazikika komanso osati zolemetsa ngati poyamba. Kulemera kwake kwa ng'ombe kumakhala pafupifupi 800 kilogalamu, ndipo ng'ombe ili pakati pa 1,000 ndi 1,300 kilogalamu.
Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya ng'ombe zowunikira nyama.
Kutalika - pafupifupi, pafupifupi masentimita 150. Koma mtundu ukhoza kukhala wosiyana kwambiri: kuchokera ku zoyera, kirimu ndi pinki, kupita ku mithunzi yakuda ndi ya bulauni. Mtundu wambiri wa anthuwo ndi woyerabe ndi chigoba cha bluish.
Kuzidziwikiratu kwa mtunduwu komanso kusowa kwa ubweya. Sikofunikira ayi, popeza malo obereketsa nthawi zambiri ndi mayiko ofunda. Zimathandizanso kuti thupi likhale lolimba kwambiri. 
Makhalidwe
Kuphatikiza kwakukulu kwa omwe akuyimira a mtunduwo ndi ofunika ndi khalidwe. Ziri pafupi "golidi" - zinyama ndizokhazika mtima pansi. Ng'ombezi zimakhalanso ndi mtima wokhazikika, zomwe zapambana chikondi cha alimi ambiri ndi obereketsa. Chifatso, chikhazikitso cha chimphona ichi chimatengedwa chimodzi mwa ubwino waukulu wa mtunduwo.
Phunzirani zambiri zokhudzana ndi zokolola za ku Latvia, zofiira, Simmental, Holstein, Shorthorn, Chizungu, Dutch, Yaroslavl, Hereford ndi Aberdeen Angus ng'ombe.
Kupeza ana
Chifukwa cha chikhalidwe cha zamoyo, makamaka minofu yaikulu ya minofu, kuwala kwa pakhosi kumakhala kochepa kwambiri. Kulumikizana kwabwino kwa thupi m'zinthu zotere ndi kovuta kwambiri. Kuthetsa vutoli poweta ng'ombe za mitundu ina - kubereka ndi kosavuta, koma mwana wang'ombe amatha kutaya, mpaka 8-10%, osati kuposa.
Ndikofunikira! Ng'ombe za buluu za ku Belgium zomwe zimapezeka m'magulu 50% zimapanga gawo lasale. Izi ndizozolowereka m'mapulasitiki a ku Ulaya, popeza chilengedwe cha calving sichingatheke.Ng'ombe yoyamba ya ng'ombe imatha kupanga zaka zitatu. Mimba ndi yaifupi kwambiri kuposa ya mitundu ina - ng'ombe imapezeka masiku 285, ndipo mwana wamphongo ali pafupi masiku 281. Mtundu umayamba kukhala wotchuka kale pa masabata asanu akukula. Mphongo amalemera 40 mpaka 70 kilogalamu pa kubadwa, ndi wamkazi - 35-60 kilogalamu.
Mtundu wa nyama
Ntchito pa kusankha ndi kuswana sizinangowonjezera kuchuluka kwa nyama yomwe imapezeka kuchokera ku ng'ombe - mpaka 80% kuchokera kwa munthu mmodzi (ndipo iyi ndiyo nyama yokhayokha), komanso kuti ikwaniritse kukoma kwake. Kuwonjezera pa kulawa, imatchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha kufatsa, kulemera, mafuta ochepa. Nyama ya ng'ombe za mtundu uwu imatchedwanso kuti zakudya, malinga ndi zina za makhalidwe ake zikufanana ndi nkhuku. Mafuta owopsa mmenemo amakhala ochepa (pafupifupi katatu), kuposa mchere wina. Mu nyama, mapuloteni okwanira, mafuta ndi zakudya, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala chinthu chamtengo wapatali kwambiri.
Mukudziwa? Kale ku Ulaya, ng'ombe zinkanyamula udindo wonse pamaso pa lamulo, poyerekeza ndi anthu. Zolandu zotsutsana ndi iwo zinkachitidwa molingana ndi malamulo onse ndi zofunikira, koma chilango choopsa komanso choopsa chomwe chinkagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zinyama chinali kuchotsedwa kunja.
Kodi zimapatsa mkaka wangati?
Kuchokera ku khola imodzi mukhoza kupeza 2,5 mpaka 5,000 malita a mkaka kwa masiku 200 a lactation ndi kudyetsa mwana wang'ombe. Chiwerengero cha mafuta ake adzakhala oposa 3.5%. Pamodzi ndi zizindikiro zopindulitsa ndi kuchuluka kwa nyama, izi zimapangitsa munthu kuti azifunidwa m'mapulasi osiyanasiyana.
Kodi kuzizira kumatha bwanji?
Ankaweta ng'ombe ndi ng'ombe kumadera a Germany, France, madera ena a United States ndi Belgium. Maiko onsewa ali ndi nyengo yotentha kwambiri, choncho nyama zimadalira kwambiri. Cold sizimalekerera, anthu samangobereka okha, koma samakhalabe m'malo ozizira. Choncho, kuswana ku Russia, Ukraine, Belarus ndi maiko ena a CIS ndi zovuta kwambiri. 
Kodi n'zotheka kubereka m'mkhalidwe wathu
Kuganizira zizindikiro zapamwamba, phindu la kukula, kuswana ndi kupha anthu a mtunduwu ndi lodziwikiratu. Koma izi ndi zoona zokhazokha ku mayiko a ku Ulaya, m'madera a mayiko a CIS omwe sali otchuka chifukwa cha mawonekedwe apadera ndi kuwongolera kwa zikhalidwe.
Kwa zinyama, nkhumba yotentha imakhala yofunika, yomwe imachepetsa ubwino uliwonse wobereketsa. Kuonjezerapo, nkhani za umuna zingathe kulamulidwa mwachindunji kuchokera ku Ulaya, koma zidzakhala zodula, kuphatikizapo mtengo wa kayendedwe ndi zolemba. Nthawi zina zimabereka kumadera akum'mwera kwa dzikoli. Mu zakudya zimafuna kupezeka kwa udzu, udzu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chakudya. Nkofunika kuyika masamba pa zakudya, makamaka kaloti ndi beets.
Ndikofunikira! Kudyetsa nyama ziyenera kupangidwa. Mavitamini apadera ndi calcium yapamwamba - lonjezo la moyo wa munthu payekha, monga mafupa amatha kuswa ndi kulemera kwa thupi.Mfundo yofunika kwambiri yokonza ndi kudyetsa nyama kumalo odyetserako ziweto pafupi ndi nyumba kapena famu - chifukwa cha kulemera kwakukulu kwa thupi, sangathe kulekerera kusintha kwakukulu kapena kuyenda. Komanso, kudyetsa kudera lakutali kungayambitse vuto la chigoba, kupopera ndi kupweteka.
Mphamvu ndi zofooka
Ubwino waukulu wa mtunduwu, ndithudi, ndi:
- kukolola kwakukulu kwa nyama ndi kulemera kwa thupi;
- kukhala wodekha ndi wokwiya;
- chitukuko chofulumira ndi kupeza minofu ya minofu;
- Nthawi yogonana ndi yaifupi kwambiri kusiyana ndi mitundu yamba;
- apamwamba komanso mkaka wamakono podyetsa.
Pezani chifukwa chake nkofunika kuchepetsa ng'ombe ndi ziboda.
Ngakhale kuti ntchito yabwino kwambiri, pali zolephera zingapo zomwe zimakhudza osati zokhazokha, komanso kuswana kwa anthu. Chiwombankhanga cha buluu la Belgium:
- zofuna zapamwamba pa zikhalidwe za zakudya ndi zakudya;
- mavuto a mafupa;
- mavuto ndi calving ndi ana.
