Ulimi wamakono sungatheke popanda kupanga. Mukhoza kuthana ndi namsongole ndi udzu pa dacha zisanu, koma pochiza madera akuluakulu, njirayi si yabwino. Chimodzi mwa zipangizo zomwe mlimi aliyense amene akufuna kukolola bwino ayenera kukhala ndi sprayer. Pali kusintha kwakukulu kwa zipangizozi, zomwe zimakuthandizani kuthetsa ntchito yeniyeni, komanso ndi nzeru zina ndi nzeru, mukhoza kupanga sprayer ndi manja anu.
Kumene kuli kofunika
Sprayer ndi mfuti yachitsulo. Tanthauzo la chipangizochi ndi kupopera timadzi ting'onoting'ono ta madzi kapena madzi ena pamtunda waukulu pogwiritsa ntchito jet of air compressed provided under pressure. 
Njira yoteroyo imangotithandiza kuti tigwire ntchito mofulumira komanso mogwira mtima, komanso kuchepetsa kwambiri kumwa madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu njirayi.
Sprayers, makamaka, amayendetsa, makamaka amagwiritsidwa ntchito, mu ulimi.
Ndi thandizo lawo, anapangidwa:
- ulimi wothirira m'minda, zomwe zimapereka osati kutulutsa chinyezi m'nthaka komanso kuteteza zomera ku chilala, komanso kutentha kwa mpweya wochepa, komanso kuchepa kwa kutentha kwake (pa miyezi yambiri yotentha, zowonongeka ndizofunikira kuti zisunge mbewu);
- kuyambitsidwa kwa feteleza zamadzimadzi ndi oyendetsa kukula, popanda zomwe masiku ano kupeza mpikisano wokwanira sizingatheke;
- kulandira zomera ku matenda ndi tizirombo (fungicides, tizirombo ndi mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu izi);
- Udzu wamsongo, womwe ndi woipa kwambiri chifukwa cha mbewu (mwachitsanzo, sizingatheke kuti udzuwo ukhale wovuta).
Mukudziwa? Kukolola beets shuga kumadera osasamalidwa ndi namsongole kumapangitsa kuti nthawi yodalirika ikhale ndi 80%.
Komabe, zipangizo zomwe zili mu funsoli sizigwiritsidwe ntchito ndi alimi okha. Mwachitsanzo, ndi thandizo lawo kuthirira masewera a mpira, ndipo nthawi zina mumakhala udzu waukulu, umachitika.
Zosiyanasiyana
Zopopera zamakono zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi njira zosiyanasiyana, makamaka:
- mwa njira yopopera mpweya (mpope, mawotchi, batri, mafuta, dizilo);
- ndi tank volume (lalikulu, yaying'ono, yamkati);
- malinga ndi mlingo wa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kwa ntchito yankho (ultravolume buku, otsika voliyumu, mwachibadwa);
- mwa kumangiriza njira (yokwera, yokhotakhota, yothamanga);
- mtundu wa kugawa kwa madzi (fan, hose);
- posankhidwa (wapadera, ponseponse).
Ganizirani kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa zipangizozo molingana ndi mfundo zomwe zatchulidwa.
Zidzakhalanso zothandiza kwa inu kuti mudziwe zoyenera kuchita posankha tekitala ya mini, komanso mudzidziwe nokha ndi tekitala ya tekitala Belarus MT3 1221, Kirovets K-744, DT-54, DT-20, Bulat-120, Belarus-132n, T-30, MT3 320 , Uralets-220, MT3 892, MT3 1221, kupanga mini-tekitala yokonza.
Mwa njira yokhazikika
Chipangizo cha thirakiti iliyonse chimapanga njira yapadera yomwe imakulolani kugwiritsa ntchito makina opanga ulimi wonse kuti athetse ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Sprayers ndi mapepala omwe angapangidwe pa thirakitala mofananamo.
Mtundu wa sprayer uli ndi tank yaing'ono yamadzimadzi ogwira ntchito (kawirikawiri 600-800 malita) ndi ndodo zokhala ndi mamita 12-18. Komabe, pali zipangizo zomwe zimapangidwira malo ambiri ochiritsira, ndipo mphamvu yawo ya matanki imatha kukhala zikwi zikwi.
Zitsanzozi ndizofunikira makampani akuluakulu azaulimi, pamene alimi ang'onoang'ono angasankhe njira yotsika mtengo. 
Kupopera kumene kumapangidwe kumagwira ntchito, kuyendetsa maulendo ndi zina.
Choncho, pogwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo zamtengo wapatali, mukhoza kusamalira mahekitala makumi asanu ndi awiri pa ola pamtunda wothamanga wa 15 km / h, koma ngakhale zipangizo zazing'ono zamatabwa zimakulolani kuthetsa ntchito mofulumira komanso moyenera.
Zina mwa ubwino wa zipangizo zowonedwa nthawi zambiri zimati:
- chabwino;
- kugwirizana ndi matrekta apakhomo;
- zokhazikika (palibe njira yothandizira anthu);
- kudalirika komanso ntchito ya nthawi yaitali (ndi kusamala mosamala ndi kusamalira bwino).
Mtundu wachiwiri wothandizira mfuti yachitsulo kwa thirakitala imayendetsedwa. Mtundu uwu umadziwika ndi mphamvu yaikulu yogwirira ntchito ya thanki, kawirikawiri mphamvuyi imawerengeka pa malita awiri mpaka 4,000. 
Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito pazitali za ndodo (ngati chida choyimira chapafupi sichidutsa 18 m, ndiye chotsatiracho chimayamba kuchokera mamita 24 ndipo chimatha kufika mamita 36). Choncho, njirayi ndi yabwino kwambiri kwa minda ikuluikulu, chifukwa yapangidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito mahekitala ambiri.
Kupanda kutero, kupindula kwapangidwe komweku kumatchulidwa ndi zipangizo zotsatila, ndipo kuipa kwa mitundu yonse iwiri ndiko kudalira kutsika kotsika kwa thirakitala, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa minda (makamaka wamtali) chifukwa cha kayendedwe ka makina otere pamunda.
Ndikofunikira! Alimi amatcha othamanga mofulumira ngati kusokoneza kwakukulu kwa opopera othamanga.
Mankhwala otsegula okha ndi chipangizo chokhazikika chomwe sichifunikira terekita. Zosintha zosiyanasiyana ndi zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimasinthidwa zimakulolani kusankha chitsanzo ndi magawo abwino: magudumu, ndodo kutalika, tanki buku, ntchito, ndi zina zotero. 
Ubwino wosadziwika wa zipangizo zaulimi ndi izi:
- mlingo wapamwamba wa zochita zokha, mpaka kuyendetsa autopilot kapena kutsogolera chizindikiro;
- kuthekera kwa kusintha kwa mlingo wa kupopera mbewu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira yothetsera;
- chisangalalo;
- chiwonetsero chapamwamba;
- mphuno yabwino;
- kukonza;
- palibe chifukwa chokhazikitsa ntchito pa thirakitala ndikutsitsimutsa;
- mphamvu ndi durability;
- chiyanjano cha chilengedwe.
Dziwani za ubwino wa Neva MB2 motoblock, Bison JR-Q12E, Centaur 1081D, komanso kuphunzira kulima motoblock ndi khasu, momwe mungakulitsire ntchito ya motoblock, momwe mungagwirizanitse motoblock.Komabe, opopera othamanga okha ali ndi zovuta zoonekeratu, makamaka, izi ndizo mtengo wamtengo wapatali komanso kuchuluka kwa ntchito (kusowa kwa chilengedwe).
Mwa mtundu wa kugawa kwa madzi
Malingana ndi izi, opopera amagawidwa kukhala opopera mankhwala, pamene kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumapangidwira chifukwa cha mpweya wa hydrostatic womwe umapangidwira mu dongosolo, ndi mpweya wothamanga, kumene madzi amatsitsimutsidwa ndi kuthamanga kwa mkati ndi mpweya wa mpweya umene umapangidwa ndi fanasi.
Monga lamulo, kusinthidwa koyamba kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pantchito, ndipo chachiwiri - m'minda ndi minda ya mpesa.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti chipangizo chowotchachi chili ndi mitundu iŵiri - fumbi ndi chipinda (chingwe). Zokonda mitundu imodzi kapena zina ziyenera kuperekedwa malinga ndi momwe mutabzala komanso kutalika kwa zomera.
Kuipa kwakukulu kwa opopera mafilimu ndi osagwirizana komanso kutayika kwakukulu kwa ntchito yamadzimadzi chifukwa cha kulowa mkati mwa mitengo ndi subsidence panthaka. 
Kupuma Sprayer
Ndikofunikira! Zopopera zopaka fumbi siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nyengo ya mphepo kapena masana: ntchito zonse zizichitika m'mawa kapena madzulo.
Mtundu wa zomangamanga umatha kuthetsa vutoli. Muzipangizo zoterezi, kugwiritsiranso ntchito ntchito yothetsera mavuto kumatsimikiziridwa (kumabwerera kuntchito), mankhwalawa amatha kufika 100%, madzi samanyamula ndi mphepo ndipo sadzikuta pa nthaka.
Mwamwayi, zipangizo zoterezi ndi zodula kwambiri ndipo ntchito yawo ndi yotsika.
Zopopera zowonjezera zimapereka mafananidwe apamwamba ophatikizana ndi zochepa kwambiri zosokoneza. 
Kuti tipite
Ena opopera amapangidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito mtundu wamtundu wabwino, iwo amatchedwa apadera. Zokondweretsa kupeza zipangizo zotere ku minda yomwe ikukhudzana ndi kukula kwa mankhwala.
Zitsanzo zina ndizozungulira, ndizofunikira kusamalira mbewu zilizonse, zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa, koposa zonse, ndi kupezeka kwa magetsi osiyanasiyana omwe angasinthe malinga ndi kufunikira.
Pofuna kulima malo anu, zidzakuthandizani kuphunzira momwe mungasankhire mlimi, phindu la mlimi wamalonda, momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mlimi wamphepo, ndi chifukwa chake kulima kulima.
Chojambula Chojambulira Chophatikiza
Chipangizo chopangidwa ndi zitsulo ndizitsulo zowonjezera zitsulo zomwe tangi ya voliyumu inaikidwa, yokhala ndi zida zofunikira zogwirira ntchito. 
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito ikuphatikizapo:
- mpweya;
- chidebe chamadzi;
- pulogalamu yamadzimadzi okhala ndi mphuno zomangidwa (malingana ndi kusinthidwa kungakhale okonda, ndodo, masses, etc.);
- chipangizo cha refueling;
- zowonjezera zitsulo.
Momwe mungadzipangire nokha
Kwa munthu, osadziŵa pang'ono njirayi, n'zachiwonekere kuti mu chipangizo cha sprayer, mwachidziŵitso, palibe chovuta. Izi zikutanthawuza kuti mukhoza kusunga ndalama zambiri ndipo, m'malo mogula sprayer yokonzekera, mukhoza kudzipanga nokha.
Pa nthawi yomweyi, chitsanzo chotsirizachi chidzachita zonse zomwe zingathetsedwe ndi kuthandizidwa.
Sprayer Homemade: kanema
Pankhani imeneyi, njira ziwiri ndi zotheka. Choyamba ndi kugwiritsira ntchito ntchito zomaliza, zomwe zingagulidwe pa sitolo iliyonse yosungiramo zida zaulimi, ndikugwiritsanso ntchito pa mfundo ya mwanayo.
Zotsatira zake zimakhala mtengo wotsika mtengo kuposa wogula. Lachiwiri ndikulandira ndalama zambiri popeza kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zomwe zilipo, zigawo zimachotsedwa ku galimoto, ndi zina zotero.
Komabe, tidzasowa:
- tangi kuti agwiritse ntchito njira - chitsulo chachitsulo kapena mbiya ya pulasitiki ya voliyumu yomwe mukufuna;
- mapaipi a PVC oyandikana, ma profiles, ziwalo zina zachitsulo za kupanga mafakitale;
- makona achitsulo ndi zigawo zing'onozing'ono ndi zozungulira;
- sprays (cholinga ichi, spools wamba ndi oyenerera bwino, omwe angapezeke pa sitima yosinthira sitima iliyonse);
- Phukusi la magetsi la volt 12 (uwu ndi mphamvu yabwino kwambiri kukwaniritsira zovuta).
Ndikofunikira! Mpope wamagetsi ndi chipangizo chamtengo wapatali kwambiri pa sprayer. Kuti musagule chipangizo chokonzekera, ndizotheka kusintha kuti mugwirizane ndi makina akale a galimoto yamagetsi kapena mpope wa chainsaw.
Zida zofunika:
- makina odzola;
- lumo zitsulo;
- kubowola magetsi kapena screwdriver;
- nyundo;
- mapiritsi;
- chida choyezera.
Kuyamba:
- Ikani mpope mkati mwa thanki.
- Kuchokera pa ngodya, mapaipi ndi chitsulo chophimba timaphika chimango cha kukula kwakukulu.
- Wokonzedwa ku nsanja ya chimango, yomwe iyenera kuyika tanki.
- Timakonza sitima pamsanja.
- Ikani opopera pamipope.
- Sakanizani chitoliro ndi phula ku tangi.
- Timagwiritsira ntchito sprayer yomalizidwa kuti tigwire tcheru. Kuthamanga kwa mpope kumaperekedwa kupyolera mu PTO (chipangizo chomwe chimayendetsa kayendetsedwe kuchokera pamoto kupita ku chojambulidwa, chiri pa matrekita onse), ndipo mawonekedwe a hydraulic amapereka kukweza ndi kutsitsa kwa sprayer.
Chipangizo chophweka, chopangidwa ndi manja chingapangitse kusungunuka bwino kwambiri kwa madera akuluakulu. Inde, simukuyenera kuigwiritsa ntchito pa mafakitale, koma ndi chiwembu cha 40-50 acres - chofunika kwambiri cha ndalama!
Momwe mungasankhire choyenera
Kusankha chipangizo cha mtundu umodzi kapena china, choyamba, muyenera kuyankha funso lofunika: ndi chiyani.
Pa tinthu ting'onoting'onoting'ono ta dacha ndi mitengo isanu ndi mabedi atatu ndizokwanira kuti tipeze mfuti yamakono, kuti tigwiritse ntchito mahekitala 10 omwe tikusowa makina, ndipo ngati tikukamba za zogulitsa zamakono, zingakhale zothandiza kulingalira kugula kwa chipangizo chodzipangira: chodula, koma chogwira ntchito.
Njira yomweyi, ndiyomwe, iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito posankha ngati mungapangire mtundu wopanga sprayer: ngati kwa mlimi waing'ono izi zingakhale zosungiritsa ndalama zowonjezera, ndikudalira pa bizinesi ya nthawi yayitali, kudalira zipangizo zopangidwa kuchokera kuzipangizo. pali ngozi yotaya zambiri. 
Mukudziwa? Pafupifupi 90 peresenti ya madzi atsopano ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ulimi, ndipo ma lita okwanira amafunika kulima zamasamba, ali ndi malita 12 omwe amathera pa msipu.
Mulimonsemo, pali njira zingapo zomwe zimapangidwira kuti apulumuke apamwamba, zizindikirozi ziyenera kuganiziridwa panthawi yogula:
- kupitirira kuperepera kwa njira yothandizira, kuchepa kwa chiopsezo cha mankhwala oopsa ndi feteleza, ndipo motero, chomera cholandira mankhwala akuwotcha ndi kutaya; Kupatulapo, kupopera mbewu bwino kumapereka ndalama zochulukirapo za madzi ndi kukonzekera;
- Kupopera mbewu mofanana ndi kukwanira kwa processing kumatsimikiziranso kuchepa kwa njira yothetsera, njira yowonjezera ya kayendedwe kaulimi ndi chitetezo chawo;
- chitsimikizo cha kuwonongeka kwa zomera pakukonzekera (kutsekedwa kotsika kwa terekita kumapangitsa kugwiritsa ntchito opopera othamanga ndi oyendayenda osagwira ntchito pokonza mbewu zotalika monga, mpendadzuwa kapena chimanga);
- zokolola (zochizira madera ang'onoang'ono omwe angapereke nsembeyi, kupatsa chitsanzo chapamwamba kwambiri ndi tani yaing'ono yamatabwa, koma olima akuluakulu akufunikira tangi lalikulu ndi buling bar, zomwe sizidzangowonjezera gawo laling'ono);
- Kupezeka kwa mabulosi osinthasintha omwe amatha kusintha mavutowo (izi zidzalola kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zochitira mbeu zosiyanasiyana);
- kudalirika ndikukhalitsa (mtengo ndi chidziwitso chomwe chili pano);
- Kuphweka poika ndi kusokoneza, mosavuta kayendedwe ndi ntchito.
Kupopera mbewu ndi njira yoyenera kuteteza minda, minda ndi minda ya mpesa kuchokera ku matenda, tizirombo ndi namsongole. Njira yomweyi imathandiza kuti ntchito yomanga feteleza ikhale yogwira ntchito yofunikira.
Malo ang'onoang'ono ndi ziwembu zapakhomo zingathe kuthandizidwa ndi zipangizo zogwiritsidwa ntchito, komabe pali njira yowonjezereka yofunikira kwa mlimi wamaluso.
Pali sprayers yomwe imayikidwa pa makina omwe alipo, pali zipangizo zapadera zomwe zimapangidwira zokha kupopera mankhwala pamunda.
Kuonjezera apo, nthawi zonse pali mwayi wopanga chigawocho ndi manja awo, kwenikweni kuchokera ku njira zosapangidwira. Kusankha kumadalira pa ntchitoyo, kuthekera kwachuma komanso, ndithudi, kukhalapo kwa luso ndi kudzoza.
Ndemanga kuchokera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti
