Boric acid ndi yofunika kwambiri kwa mbewu zonse za zipatso, masamba, mabulosi ndi zokongola. Sikuti imangowateteza ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso kumawonjezera zokolola, zimapangitsa kuti chiwerengero cha shuga chiwonjezere. Zotsatira zake ndi zipatso zokoma kwambiri. Komanso, mankhwalawa sali ovunda, zipatso zawo sizimasokoneza kwambiri chinyezi. Boron si njira ina iliyonse kwa feteleza, koma ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri kwa zomera. Kodi boric acid imakhudza bwanji zomera m'munda ndi m'munda ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito - tinaphunzira za izi kuchokera kwa alimi odziwa bwino ntchito.
Mukudziwa? Zaka zoposa 300 zapitazo, Wilhelm Gomberg yemwe anali katswiri wa zachilengedwe komanso dokotala wa ku France, analandira asidi yachitsulo yachitsulo ndi kutenthetsa chisakanizo cha borax ndi sulfuric acid. Patapita nthawi, adayamba mankhwala omwe amatchedwa "salsedavitum".
Boric acid: kufotokoza
M'chilengedwe, malo osungunuka a boric amapezeka m'madera ena a mapiri a Tuscany, Loparian Islands ndi Nevada. Ikhozanso kupezeka mu mchere wambiri, monga borax, boracite, colemanite. Komanso, chinthuchi chinapezeka ngakhale m'madzi a m'nyanja ndi zomera zonse.
Boric (mankhwala ovomerezeka, ovomerezeka, borate) asidi ndi ofooka omwe sagwirizana ndi asidi. Awa ndi makhiristo oyera, omwe sungununkhidwe bwino m'madzi ozizira. Mukakwiya, zimataya chinyezi, zimayambitsa ma metabori, kenako tetracyboni ndipo potsirizira pake, boric oxide. Ngati mankhwala omwe ali pamwambawa alowetsedwa m'madzi, boric acid imapangidwanso kuchokera kwa iwo. 
Njira ya boric acid imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu mankhwala monga mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mu horticulture, horticulture, komanso ngakhale mu nyukiliya yamagetsi.
Kodi zimathandiza bwanji asidi asidi kwa zomera?
Zipatso ndi zokongoletsera, mbewu zamaluwa, boric acid ndizofunika kwambiri feteleza nthawi yonse yokula. Pogwiritsa ntchito zimayambira, zimathandiza kuti mizu ikhale ndi mpweya, imapangitsa kuti calcium iyambe kulowa m'mitengo yonse ya zomera, iwonjezere kuchuluka kwa chlorophyll mu zinyama zobiriwira, ndipo imathandizira njira zamagetsi.
Pamene kupopera mbewu mbewu ndi asidi, kumera kwawo kumalimbikitsa. Kumayambiriro koyambilana zomera, rooting ya mbande imakula bwino, chiwerengero cha ovary chikuwonjezeka, kaphatikizidwe ka nitrogenous substances ndizolowereka. Kudyetsa nthawi ndi boric acid kumapangitsa kukula mofulumira ndi kulimbitsa chikhalidwe. Akatswiri a sayansi ya zakuthambo amati: Ngati dothi likukwanira mokwanira ndi boron, chipatso cha zipatso, zokolola za mbewu ndi kukana kwa mbewu kuti zisawonongeke, kuphatikizapo tizirombo, matenda, kuwonjezeka.
Mukudziwa? Boric acid imatha kulamulira tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo ntchentche ndi nyerere.
Kugwiritsa ntchito boric acid m'munda ndi m'munda: malangizo ogwiritsidwa ntchito
Acidic acid mu horticulture amagwiritsidwa ntchito kufulumira kukula ndi kukula kwa mbewu za masamba ndi kumera bwino mbewu. Kuti tichite zimenezi, ndibwino kuti mbeuyi isabzalidwe mu thumba lachabechabe ndipo liyike muyeso ya boric acid pa mlingo wa 0,2 g pa madzi okwanira 1 litre kwa masiku awiri. Mukhoza kukonzekera phulusa losakaniza 5 g wa soda, 1 g ya potassium permanganate, 0,2 g ya boric acid ndi 1 l madzi ofunda.
Kawiri panthawi ya budding nthawi, alimi spray zikhalidwe ndi boron munali munali kukonzekera. Mankhwala a boric monga fetereza akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito katatu m'munda. Mankhwalawa amachitidwa kuti awonjezere shuga mu chipatso, chomwe chidzasintha kukoma kwawo. Yankho lirikonzekera mu chiŵerengero cha 10 g wa chinthucho pa 10 l madzi. Malinga ndi chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe chingasinthe. Njirayi ikulimbikitsidwa kuti madzulo azipewa kutentha pamasamba.
Mitengo ya boric acid imakhala yosavuta kwambiri, chifukwa njirayi ingasokoneze kwambiri ulusi. Kwenikweni, pakamwetsa, makristasi amawonjezeredwa kuti zipatso zikhale ndi zida zowala. Chitani njirayi osaposa 1 nthawi muzaka zitatu. Alimi odziwa bwino amalangiza nthaka bwinobwino asanayambe kupanga microfertilizers.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito asidi ku maapulo ndi mapeyala
Boron siwodabwitsa kwambiri kuchoka masamba omwe akupita ku mphukira zazing'ono. Choncho, mu nthawi yogwira kukula kwa zipatso mbewu foliar kudya n'kofunika kwambiri. Pa maapulo ndi mapeyala, kusowa kwa chinthu ichi kumawonetseredwa ndi kukula kwa zipatso zowuma. Pa milandu yanyalanyazidwa, pamwamba pa mitengo imayamba kufota mofulumira. Masamba amapotoka, osagwedezeka, amapindika petioles. Mitsempha yomwe ili pamwamba pawo imakhala yowopsya komanso yosavuta. Pamapeto pake, masamba ang'onoang'ono amapanga mtundu wa rosette, womwe siwodabwitsa kuti apange mitengo ya apulo ndi ya peyala. Ngati palibe chomwe chimachitika panthawi yoyamba, matendawa adzapitirira: ma inflorescences adzafota, ndipo mphutsi yotulukayo idzabala zipatso zosawonongeka. Mnofu wa maapulo ndi ma mapeyala omwe ali ndi kachilomboka ndi odzaza ndi mabala akuluakulu, oyera omwe amachititsa bulauni pa nthawi.
Ndikofunikira! Boric acid imasungunuka m'madzi otentha. Pofuna kupeza njira yothetsera vuto, choyamba mitsukoyo imatsanulira ndi madzi pang'ono, ndipo kenako imadzipweteka ndi kuzizira kuti mupeze voliyumu yofunikila.Boric acid ikulimbikitsidwa kudwala ndi zomera zathanzi bwino nthawi 2-3 ntchito. Kupopera korona kumalimbikitsidwa kuti azitsatira poyambitsa maluwa, kenaka kubwerezedwa mobwerezabwereza. Njira yothetsera mankhwala imakonzedwa pamtunda wa 20 g wa ufa pa 10 malita a madzi. Ngati kudya kotereku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ku mitengo yowonongeka, kugwa kwa ovary kudzachepa. Koma ndi bwino kuti musalole kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa chipatso ndikupanga processing patsogolo.
Kugwiritsa ntchito boric acid kwa strawberries
Pofuna kulandira zipatso zokoma m'munda wa sitiroberi ndi zakutchire sitiroberi zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zitheke bwino. Apo ayi, kusowa kwa boron kudzakhudza necrosis ndi ma deformation deformation. Kupopera mbewu ndi kofunikira asanayambe kutsegula masamba, komanso panthawi ya fruiting, pamene zipatso zimakhala zazikulu. Alimi ena amalangiza kumayambiriro kwa masika kuti azitsanulira boric acid molingana ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito chiwembu m'dziko. Mukhoza kuwonjezera madontho angapo a potassium permanganate ku yankho. 10 malita a madzi adzakhala okwanira kwa zomera pafupifupi 40-50. Pambuyo pake, pamene peduncles imapanga, ndi bwino kupopera tchire ndi chisakanizo cha 5 g boroni ufa ndi malita 10 a madzi. Ndipo pa kucha kwa zipatso, tikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera zina fetereza kuchokera boric asidi, manganese phulusa ndi 1 chikho cha madzi mu chiŵerengero cha 2: 2: 1.
Boric acid kwa tomato
Mu tomato, ambiri amafunika boron. Kuperewera kwake kumawonetsedwa ndi mdima ndipo kufota kutalika kwa zimayambira, fragility ya achinyamata mphukira ndi mdima malo pa chipatso. Pofuna kuteteza tizilombo pa tomato kuti tisafe, m'pofunika kuti tipeze mbewuzo ndi makina osungunuka musanabzala. Boric acid kwa tomato ndi zofunika panthawi ya kuika. Mukhoza kuthira nthaka ndi mankhwala a asidi kapena mankhwala a boroni. Kuti asatenthe mizu, mosamala kutsanulira zitsime zokonzedwa bwino ndi madzi amodzi. Ndondomeko imeneyi ndi yofunikira kwambiri m'mayiko omwe akulima nthawi yoyamba.
Kupanga mankhwala a tomato a boric n'kofunika kwambiri pamene mapesi a maluwa ayamba kale, ndipo masambawo sanayambe kutsegulidwa. Yankho likukonzekera molingana ndi ndondomeko yoyenera: 10 g pa 10 l.
Ndikofunikira! Mitengo ya Apple, mapeyala, Brussels ndi kolifulawa, swede ndi beets ali ndi chofunika kwambiri cha boron. Nyemba, mbatata, nandolo ndi strawberries sizidalira kwambiri chigawo ichi. Koma mulimonsemo, kuchepa kwake kumakhudza kwambiri chikhalidwe cha zomera.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito boric acid mpaka mphesa
Ngati mphesa zikusowa boron, ngakhale mitundu yapamwamba mitundu idzabweretsa maburashi ang'onoang'ono. Chizindikiro cha kusowa kwake kudzakhala mawanga a kloride pamasamba. Akatswiri amatcha "njira" imeneyi. Chithandizo ndi prophylaxis zimalimbikitsidwa ndi boric asidi, chifukwa mankhwala amodzi amatha nthawi yoyamba ya matendawa.
Kupopera mbewu kumapangidwe bwino panthawi yopanga inflorescences. Pankhaniyi, iwo sadzaphwanyidwa, zomwe zidzawonjezera zokolola. Pokonzekera yankho (5 g wa ufa pa 10 malita a madzi), odziwa wamaluwa kuwonjezera 5 g wa nthaka. Kubwereza processing ndi zofunika, monga zipatso zina za zipatso, pa zipatso zakucha.
Boric acid kwa nkhaka
Dyetsani boric acid kwa nkhaka komanso tomato, ndizofunikira chifukwa zimathandiza kuti maluwa ambiri azikhala ndi mapangidwe a ovary. Njira yothandiza kwambiri inali foliar yogwiritsira ntchito micronutrients musanatsegule masamba. Mu njira ya 5 g ya asidi ndi 10 malita a madzi, ena wamaluwa amalangizidwa kuwonjezera shuga pang'ono kapena uchi. Izi zimachitika pofuna kukopa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kubwereza kupopera kwa nkhaka ndi boric asidi kumachitika pamene ovary amapangidwa. Mmalo mwa shuga, madontho angapo a potaziyamu permanganate akuwonjezeredwa ku mwambo wothetsera kuteteza powdery mildew pa ziphuphu.
Kugwiritsa ntchito boric acid kwa beets
Ngakhale beetroot amaonedwa kuti ndi osadalira kwambiri, koma kuchepa kwake kumapangitsa kuti muzu wonse usagwiritsidwe ntchito. Ponena za chitukuko cha fomoz chomwe chimayambitsa bowa, beet yamkati imayamba kuvunda, masambawa ali ndi madontho ofiira. Ma beets sangathe kudyedwa, ali ndi fungo losasangalatsa, kulawa, poizoni amapangidwa mu utoto wakuda.
Pofuna kusunga mbewu ndikuletsa mawonekedwe a bowa, sitepe yoyamba ndiyo kuyesa mbeu musanadzalemo. Ndipo pamene mbande amapereka masamba 4-5, ndikwanira kuchita imodzi yopopera mbewu ndi njira yothetsera.
Ndikofunikira! Kwa anthu, asidi a boric panthawi yowunzako kunja ndi yopanda phindu: sizimayambitsa matenda ndi kutsekemera pakhungu. Mukamwa, boron imachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono kuchokera ku thupi. 20 g ya mankhwala - mlingo wakupha. Zambirimbiri boron zimakhala zovulaza zomera kusiyana ndi zomwe zingathandize pa chitukuko. Kukayika masamba, chikasu chawo chimatsimikizira kuwonjezera. Ngati miyambo yotereyi idyetsa ng'ombe, posachedwa iye adzakhala ndi matenda aakulu a tsamba la m'mimba.
Boric acid ndi mbatata
Ndi kusowa kwa mbatata ya boron kupha nkhanambo. Zomera zimayamba pang'onopang'ono, masambawo amatembenukira chikasu, zimayambira zimakhala zowawa. Akatswiri a zachilengedwe amasonyeza chitsanzo: kudalira kwa tuber pa boron kumapanga mawonekedwe a gawo lapansi. Chosowa chikuwonjezeka ku sod-podzolic, nkhalango, mvula, nthaka yamadzi. Komanso m'madera ndi kuchuluka zikuchokera carbonates, potaziyamu, nayitrogeni, laimu. Phosphorus feteleza, m'malo mwake, kuchepetsa kufunikira kwa boron-munali feteleza.
Paziwonetsero zoyamba za nkhanambo, nkofunika kuti muzigona pabedi ndi yankho la boric acid pa mlingo wa 6 g pa 10 l madzi. Wokonzeka kusakaniza ndi okwanira 10 mita mamita. M. Ndi njira yoteteza kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kapena kubzala koyamba mbatata kumathandiza.
Zizindikiro za kusowa kwa boron m'munda ndi munda wamaluwa
Mankhwala a boric kuti asagwiritsidwe ntchito m'munda sangasinthidwe. Kuperewera kwa chinthu ichi chikuwonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zambiri zosasangalatsa:
- masamba omwe ali pamwamba pa chomera amatembenukira otumbululuka ndi achikasu;
- Masamba atsopano amakula olumala, owopsya, mwamsanga akutha;
- Mphukira yokhayokhayo imakhalapo, apical ponseponse palibe;
- necrosis imawonekera pa zimayambira ndi zipatso;
- pamwamba pa mphukira zimafa;
- inflorescences ndi omangirizidwa bwino;
- ovary sanagwedezeke;
- Mizu ya mbewu imaphimba fungal nkhanambo;
- Kolifulawa amakhudzidwa ndi bulauni kuvunda.
Kukonzekera kwa Acid Acid
M'masitolo apadera mukhoza kupeza feteleza osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo boron. Kupopera mankhwala a boric acid pa tomato, nkhaka, mbatata ndi mbewu zina zamagulu, Mag-Bor amalimbikitsanso wokhawokha (phukusi la 20 g limayeretsedwa mu malita 10 a madzi, yankho limatha pa 3 sq. M).
Pochizira maluwa okongoletsera maluwa ogwira ntchito bwino, "Pokon" (boron madzi mu botolo lobiriwira). N'zotheka kukonzekera njira yothetsera yogwiritsira ntchito makapu 10-gramu a matumba a boric acid kapena bormonium feteleza, omwe ali ndi 13% boric acid ndi 14% magnesiamu oksidi. Akatswiri a zaulimi amalimbikitsa opanga superphosphate ndi borax (sodium boric acid) monga chakudya chachikulu.
Tsopano podziwa za ubwino wa boric acid, tikamaganizira zomwe zimafunikira m'munda ndi m'munda, tikuyembekeza kuti mbeu zako zidzasangalala ndi mbewu zambiri.
