Vuna kholifulawa wamadzi kuchokera ku mbewu: zosavuta komanso zachangu!

Kholifulawa ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe zimakonda kubzala zomwe zimatha kulimidwa paliponse pomwepo komanso kubzala mwachindunji. Ngakhale njira yomwe yasankhidwa, imodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri kuti zikule bwino kabichi yosiyanasiyana ndikukonzekera bwino kwa mbewu ndi kufesa kwawo. Kutsatira pang'onopang'ono malangizo, kukulitsa kolifulawa sikungakhale kovuta kwa nyakulima wa novice.

Kusankha ndi kukonza mabedi a kolifulawa

Kusankhidwa kwa malowa komanso kukonza mabedi oti abzala ndi kukulitsa kolifulawa kuyenera kutengedwa mukugwa. Mwa chikhalidwe chamtunduwu wopachikika, malo amasamba ndi otentha m'mundawo amasankhidwa, chifukwa masamba ambiri adzamera mumthunzi, ndipo m'mimba mwake simapanga.

Dothi lolemera, lolemera, ndi dongo lokhala ndi acidity yambiri silabwino kwa kolifulawa. Mulingo woyenera wa pH pachikhalidwe ndi 6.5-7.5. Mutha kuyang'ana acidity ndi kachipangizo kapadera kapena zingwe za chizindikiro. Ngati dothi ndi acidic, muyenera kuwonjezera laimu kapena ufa wa dolomite chifukwa cha kufalikira. Nthawi zambiri, mandimu amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati 250-600 g pa 1 m² (kutengera mphamvu ya acidity).

Pa dothi lokhazikika, kabichi imayamba kutenga matenda ngati keel.

Kuti mukonzekere bwino dothi pobzala kolifulawa, muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwake

Kuphatikiza pa kukhazikika kwa nthaka ya nthaka, amanyalanyaza feteleza, chifukwa chake ndizotheka kusintha kapangidwe ka nthaka. Mitundu yonse ya kabichi imakonda zachilengedwe komanso kolifulawa sizina. Chifukwa chake, pakukonzekera mabedi, humus kapena kompositi imayambitsidwa. Kuchuluka kwa feteleza kumatengera nthaka, mtundu wake komanso chonde. Kuti muwonetsetse kusinthana kwamadzi ndi mpweya, onjezani zidebe 1-3 za organic pa 1 mita.

Cauliflower amayankha bwino feteleza wachilengedwe, ndiye pokonzekera malowo apange kompositi kapena humus

Mphukira zachinyamata za kolifulawa zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndikusowa kwa michere (nayitrogeni, phosphorous, potaziyamu). Chifukwa chake, m'dzinja, limodzi ndi michere, dothi litha kudzazidwa ndi nitrophos (supuni ziwiri pa 1 m²), ndipo kasupe musanadzalemo, pangani Kemira (60-70 g pa 1 m²).

Musamapangire mbeu zochuluka kwambiri, chifukwa izi zimatha kukupititsani chinyezi chambiri, koma nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa cha mabedi ochepa, amatha kukhala osakwanira. Mulingo woyenera kwambiri ndi 1 m.

Kukonzekera kwa mbewu

Kupititsa kumera ndi kumera mbeu, ziyenera kukonzedwa zisanafesedwe. Kuti muchite izi, chitani njira zingapo, zomwe timakhala mwatsatanetsatane.

Kuletsa

Choyamba, mbewuzo zimasungunulidwa: mbewu zimayikidwa mu saline (3%) ndikuzikidwa mphindi pafupifupi zisanu. Zotsatira zake, mbewu zosalimba zimangokhala pansi, pomwe mbewu zolemera zimatsikira pansi. Ingokhazikika ndi mbeu komanso yoyenera kufesa.

Kusankha mbewu zapamwamba kwambiri kuti mubzale, ndikofunikira kuyika mu saline 3%

Pambuyo pa yankho, njere zimatsukidwa m'madzi ndikuwumitsa pang'ono kuti zisamere kumera.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusiya mbewu zazikulu zokha kuti zibzalidwe, koma zing'onozing'ono zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito.

Mayeso akumera

Kuti tiwone momwe mbeu yabwino imagwiritsidwira ntchito, ndikofunikira kuyesa kumera:

1. Mbewu zimayikidwa mu nsalu yonyowa pokonza (pafupifupi gauze) pazinthu zana, kotero ndikosavuta kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa nyemba.
2. Kumera kumachitika pa kutentha kwa + 20-25 ˚˚. Nthawi yomweyo, amayang'anitsitsa kuti nsaluyo ndi yonyowa.
3. Mbewu zimayesedwa tsiku ndi tsiku, zikumera zimawerengedwa ndikuchotsedwa.

Mbewuzo zomwe zidaphukira m'masiku atatu oyambirira ndizomwe zimamera ndi mphamvu zomwe zimere. Mbewu zomwe zidamera mkati mwa sabata zikuwonetsa kumera kwakukulu.

Kuti mudziwe kumera kwa mbeu, zimayamba kunyowa, kenako kumera

Chizindikiro

Pa gawo lotsatira, mbewu za kolifulawa zimakonzekera kufesa. Pofuna kupewa kukula kwa matenda oyamba ndi fungus, mabakiteriya amathandizidwa mu njira ya 1-2% ya potaziyamu permanganate kwa mphindi 20, ndikutsukidwa m'madzi oyera.

Ngakhale kuti kupha matendawa mwanjira imeneyi ndizofala kwambiri, zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zitha kupezeka ndi chithandizo cha kutentha. Pakutero, mbewu imayikidwa mu chidebe kapena thumba la minofu ndikuyika m'madzi ndi kutentha kwa + 48-50 ° C kwa mphindi 20. Makhalidwe ofotokozedweratu sayenera kupitilira, popeza njere zimatha kutaya mphamvu, ndipo pamlingo wotsika chotere sipakhala zotsatira.

Kuthira mbewu za kolifulawa, amathandizidwa mu njira ya manganese

Kumera kuthamanga

Kuti tifulumizane kumera kwa mbeu zachikhalidwe zomwe zimafunsidwa, zimanyowa m'madzi kutentha kwa chipinda ndikuyika kutentha, komwe zimakhala kwa maola 12. Nthawi yomweyo, madzi amasinthidwa maola 4 aliwonse. Madzi akuyenera kukhala otheka kuti mbewu zisayandikire, koma ingophimbani. Cholinga chachikulu cha njirayi ndikupangitsa kuti mbewuzo zithe. Ngati kufesa kumachitika pambuyo pake, ndiye kuti, atakulungidwa mu nsalu yonyowa, amayikidwa mufiriji pamalo ochepera.

Kuti imathandizire kumera, mbewu zimanyowa mpaka kutupa, kenako ndikuyika mufiriji

Ndizofala kuti tizilowemo nyemba pakulowetsedwa kwa phulusa la nkhuni, pokonzekera pomwe supuni ziwiri za phulusa zimathiridwa mu 1 lita imodzi ya madzi ofunda ndikuumirira tsiku, ndikusefa musanayambe ntchito. Mbewu zomwe zimapangidwa muzakudya zotere zimayikidwa kwa maola atatu, kenako zimatsukidwa m'madzi oyera.

Kuumitsa mbewu

Gawo lomaliza lokonzekera kufesa mbewu likuuma. Pambuyo pakuwola, mbewu imayikidwa pansi pang'onopang'ono pa firiji kwa tsiku limodzi. Kutentha kuyenera kukhala + 1-2 ˚˚. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muwonjezere kulimbana kwa mbewu ku kutentha kochepa ndipo kumathandizira kumera bwino. Pamapeto pa kuumitsa, mbewu ziuma pang'ono, kenako ndikubzala.

Kanema: Kukhazikitsa mbewu za kabichi pofesa

Momwe Mungalandire Mbewu za Cauliflower

Ngati mukukula kolifulawa patsamba lanu chaka chilichonse, ndiye kuti kugula mbewu ndikosankha, chifukwa mutha kukolola nokha. Kulima kabichi kuti tipeze zinthu zobzala kumasiyana pakulima wamba. Gwiritsani ntchito motere:

1. Kuchokera pazomera zobzalidwa ndi njere kapena mbande, zolimba zimasankhidwa: amatchedwa zakumwa za mayi.
2. Minda yosankhidwa imadyetsedwa ndi feteleza wovuta, amasula, madzi, ndi maudzu.
3. Pofuna kuthamangitsa maluwa, masamba ake ndi osakhazikika komanso okhazikika m'malo oterowo omwe amapereka mwayi wowoneka bwino kwa ma inflorescence.
4. Mutu wa kabichi ukakhala wochepa thupi, chotsani mbali yapakati ndikusiya mphukira zoyambira bwino. Chiwerengero chawo sichiyenera kupitirira zisanu.
5. Kenako chigawocho chimakonkhedwa ndi phulusa, chomwe chingalepheretse kuvunda.
6. Pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, mbewu za chiberekero zimasandulika kukhala ma testes, ndiye kuti, pamene chikhalidwecho chikuyenda bwino. Pakadali pano, kabichi imamwetsa madzi ambiri.
7. Panthawi yooneka ngati maluwa oyamba, amadyetsedwa ndi superphosphate ndipo hilling imachitidwa.
8. Pamapeto pa maluwa, nsonga za mphukira zimakhazikika kuti zipange mbewu yabwino.
9. Kuti muchepetse kucha, mizu ya mbewu imadulidwa ndi fosholo kapena kukweza pang'ono ndi pitchfork, ndikudziyikira pamalowo, kuti mizu yaying'ono iphulike.
10. Pakadali pano, kuthirira kwathunthu kuyima.
11. Mbewu zimakolola mutakhwima, zomwe zitha kuweruzidwa ndi masamba ndi masamba, ndi ma nyemba zouma. Kuti muchite izi, amadulidwa ndi nthambi zonse, ndikuyika kanema pansi pa zomerazo.

Pambuyo pa maluwa, kolifulawa imabala nthanga zomwe zimakololedwa mutacha.

Kubzala mbewu munthaka

Njira yayikulu yolimitsira kolifulawa ndi mmera, koma chikhalidwecho chitha kupezeka mwa kufesa poyera. Njirayi ili ndi zabwino zingapo, chifukwa mbewuzo sizigwirizana ndi nyengo youma komanso yotentha chifukwa chopanga mizu yolimba. (Pobereka mbewu, mizu imakhala pang'ono, komabe yowonongeka.) Kuphatikiza apo, mukafesa kabichi mwachindunji pamalowo komanso nthawi, chitukuko chimachitika popanda kuchedwa. Kuti mubzale mbewu ndi mbewu, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ena ndikutsatira malangizowo.

Mukadzala kolifulawa: mawu

Nthawi yodzala mbewu za kolifulawa m'dothi losatetezedwa zimadalira malo olimawo ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana (kuyambira kumapeto kwa Marichi mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Meyi), komanso nyengo. Chikhalidwe chotengedwa, mosiyana ndi mitundu yopanda mutu, sichitha kuziziritsa kuzizira. Mbewu zimaswa pamtunda wa + 6 ° C, ndipo potentha chilengedwe, mbewuzo zidzaonekera mwachangu.

Ngakhale kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June kumakhala kotheka kubwerezanso mazira, chifukwa chake, mutafesa mbewu, bedi limakutidwa ndi filimu.

Mawonekedwe

Cauliflower bwino kubzala malinga ndi chiwembu, chifukwa chomwe mbewu zimalandira kuwala kokwanira komanso zakudya. Malo omwe mbandezo zimagwirizanirana zimadalira mitundu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati mitu ya kabichi yaying'ono ipangidwira kabichi koyambirira ndipo masentensi atha kupangika molingana ndi masentimita 40 × 50, ndiye kuti mitundu ina yokhala ndi mitu yayikulu - 60 × 70 cm.

Mukabzala kolifulawa yamitundu yoyambayo, imasinthasintha masentimita 40 × 50, yamitundu mitundu - 60 × 70 cm

Kufesa mbewu

Kubzala mbewu za kolifulawa zimachitika motere:

1. Pamalo omwe amakonzedwa, ma grooves amapangidwa kuti akuya 1 cm ndi mtunda wa 40 cm kuchokera wina ndi mnzake.
   

   Pa chiwembu chokonzedwa pasadakhale, poyambira mbewu za kolifulawa zimapangidwa mozama 1 cm ndi mtunda wa 40 cm kuchokera wina ndi mnzake

2. Thirani dothi ndi madzi ofunda.
   

   Asanafesere mbewu za kolifulawa, dothi limakhetsedwa ndi madzi ofunda

3. Mbeu yokonzedwa idayalidwa ndikukhazikika kwa masentimita 5, kenako ndikufundidwa ndi dothi ndikuyika pang'ono.
   

   Mbewu za kolifulawa zimafesedwa pakadutsa masentimita 5, kenako nkuwazidwa ndi dothi ndikupepuka pang'ono

4. Pofuna kuteteza, filimu imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe imakokedwa pabedi mothandizidwa ndi chimango cha ma arcs.
   

   Kuteteza mbewu za kolifulawa ku chisanu obwerera, chimayikidwa ndipo chimakoka filimu

Mbewu zingafesedwe m'malo osiyanasiyana. Kuti muchite izi, mbewu 2-3 zimayikidwa mu bowo lililonse molingana ndi njira yobzala. Pambuyo pa kukula kwa mbande, mpaka masamba enieni a 3-4 amasiya chomera champhamvu kwambiri, ndipo ena onse amakuduladula.

Kanema: Kubzala mbewu za kabichi pamalo otseguka mwachitsanzo kabichi yoyera

Kubzala mbewu mu wowonjezera kutentha

Pakulima kolifulawa m'malo obzala kutentha, dothi limakonzedwa chimodzimodzi ngati malo otseguka, i.e., zinthu zazachilengedwe ndi michere zimawonjezeredwa, acidity imaganiziridwa, ndipo kasinthasintha wa mbeu amawonekera. Dothi lotsekedwa, nthanga za kholifulawa woyambirira ndi wa pakati zimafesedwa chisanu chitasungunuka, chifukwa nthaka mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi wowonjezera kutentha imotha msanga. Kutentha m'chipindacho sikuyenera kukhala kotsika kuposa + 15-18 ˚С.

Kufesa mbewu zokonzekereratu kumachitika mozama osaposa 5 mm. Ndikulowetsedwa mwakuya, mbande zimawonekera pambuyo pake. Mutabzala, dothi limaphikidwa ndi mchenga wouma ndikuthiriridwa ndi madzi ofunda. Pakatha masiku 10, mbandezo amazimbidwa. Poika mbewu, zimapanga mabowo molingana ndi pulani ya 70 x 30. A ochepa a humus, phulusa lamatabwa ndi feteleza wovuta (mwachitsanzo, Kemira) amadzalowetsedwa mu dzenje lobzala.

Ndikosavuta kukula kolifulawa m'malo obiriwira kuposa malo otseguka, chifukwa mutha kupanga ndi kusunga nyengo yabwino yopangira mbewu.

Ndiosavuta kwambiri kukulira kolifulawa m'malo otetezeka kuposa osatetezeka, chifukwa ndikosavuta kuti mbewu ipange zofunikira

Amapitiliza kupereka chisamaliro chomwe chikufunika pa mbewuyi. Chachikulu ndikuwunikira kutentha kwa mpweya, komwe sikuyenera kupitirira + 16-18 ° C, ndi chinyezi - mkati mwa 70-80%. Ngati zoterezi sizikwaniritsidwa, mutu wa kabichi umamasuka ndikuyamba kutha.

Mawonekedwe ndi nthawi yodzala mbewu za kolifulawa m'madera osiyanasiyana

Cauliflower imatha kulimidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana ku Russia, koma ndikofunikira kulingalira za nyengo zamitundu iliyonse ndikumvetsetsa kuti kufesa mbewu panthaka ndizoyenera kwambiri zigawo zakumwera kwa dzikoli. Ngati tikuwona madera ocheperako ngati chitsanzo, pano kutentha kumabwera kumayambiriro kwa Meyi, ndipo ku Siberia ndi Urals sikuyenera kuyembekezeredwa koyambirira kwa Juni 10. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yofesa zimatengera izi. Ku Siberia, kolifulawa imamera m'mitundu yoyambira yokha, popeza ena alibe nthawi yoti zipse pamaso pa kuzizira, komanso kudzera mbande zokha. Panthawi yakubzala kolifulawa kwa mbande ku Siberia ndi Urals, igwa pa Epulo 10-15.

Kanema: mawu obzala kolifulawa ku Siberia ndi Urals

Mitundu yoyenera imatha kusiyanitsidwa:

• Baldo,
• Opal
• Movir-74,
• Dziko lapansi.

Zithunzi zojambula: mitundu ya kolifulawa ya ku Siberia ndi ku Urals

Zosiyanasiyana za kolifulawa ya dera la Moscow komanso pakati pa Russia ziyenera kukhala zosagwirizana ndi kusintha kwanyengo ndi chinyezi, kusakhudzidwa ndi kuwala ndi kutentha, komanso kucha mkati mwa Okutobala. Kholifulawa mutha kubzala ndi mbeu m'maderawa kuyambira m'ma March (mu wowonjezera kutentha) mpaka pakati pa Meyi (pansi) ndi pafupipafupi masiku 10-20. Zilimidwe, mitundu yotere ndi yoyenera monga:

• Kucha koyambirira,
• Gribovskaya koyambirira
• Chitsimikizo

Zithunzi Zithunzi: Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya Cauliflower ya Moscow

Kummwera kwa dzikolo (Dera la Rostov, Krasnodar Territory), kubzala mbewu poyera ndizotheka kumayambiriro kwa Marichi. Popeza kolifulawa sindimakonda kutentha kwambiri, ikamera mbande zimayalidwa, kenaka kuthilira madzi ambiri ngati dothi likuuma. Mitundu yoyenera ndi:

• Adler Zima 679,
• Adler kasupe,
• Sochi.

Zithunzi zojambula: mitundu ya kolifulawa kumwera kwa Russia

Cauliflower chikugwirizana ndi mbewu zina mutabzyala

Kuti kolifulawa pamalopo isamasuke, muyenera kutsatira malangizowo pakapangidwe kameneka ndi mbewu zina za m'munda. Oyandikana nawo omwe amakonda kwambiri kolifulawa ndi:

• nyemba
• beets
• udzu winawake
• nkhaka
• sage
• thyme.

Koma oyandikana ndi izi:

• broccoli
• kabichi
• sitiroberi
• Tomato

Kuti muteteze kabichi ku tizirombo, pafupi ndi mundawo mutha kudzala mbewu zonunkhira monga marigolds, marigolds, chowawa, mbewa, ndi chamomile. Kubzala katsabola pafupi ndi kabichi kumakhudzanso kukoma kwake.

Marigolds samangokongoletsa bedi la kolifulawa, komanso amawopseza tizirombo

Sizotheka kubzala kolifulawa ndi mbewu m'munda m'maderaka onse akuno. Koma ngati mungasankhe mitundu yoyenera, poganizira kuti nthawi yakupsa, gwiritsani ntchito mawonekedwe ake ndikuwona ukadaulo wolima mbewuyo, mutha kupeza zipatso zabwino zamasamba abwino.