Xerantemum ndi maluwa okongola a pachaka, omwe akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera chokongoletsera m'mapangidwe a malo komanso kukongoletsa kwa mabedi. Phunzirani za kufotokoza kwa maluwa ndi maluwa akukula kunyumba.
Malongosoledwe a zomera
Xerantemum ndi chaka chimodzi chomwe chiri gawo la banja la Compositae. Anakulira pakhomo kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18 kum'mwera kwa Ulaya, koma posakhalitsa imafalikira padziko lonse lapansi, chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa kwake ku zinthu zomwe zikukula komanso kukongola kwakukulu komwe kumapitirizabe ngakhale atayanika. Maluwa amadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa tsinde lomwe likhoza kufika kutalika kwa masentimita 60. Pa tsinde, yopapatiza, nthawi yaitali masamba a lanceolate ali alternately anabzala. Zimakhala pafupifupi 3 cm m'litali ndi 0,5 cm m'lifupi. Phesiyi ili ndi nsalu zoyera. 
Inflorescences ali ndi mawonekedwe a madengu, omwe amaimiridwa ndi maboma. Mitundu yokongoletsera ya chomera ichi ndi maluwa ozungulira kapena awiri-maluwa angakhale oyera, ofiira kapena pinki maluwa. Maluwawo ndi ang'onoang'ono, osachepera masentimita atatu, ndipo amamasula kuyambira July mpaka September. Maluwa okondana ndi ochuluka. Kubzala mbewu pamaluwa kumapezeka kumapeto kwa dzinja. Mbeuzo ndizochepa, zofiira, mu galamu imodzi yoposa 700 zidutswa, zimakhala zothandiza kwa zaka zitatu. The genus xerantemum ili ndi mitundu 6, koma mu floriculture amagwiritsa ntchito xertetemum pachaka.
Kufalitsa ndi malo
Mzinda wa xerandtemum ndi kum'mwera ndi kumadzulo kwa Ulaya, Mediterranean, Balkans ndi Asia Minor. Zomera zimakula bwino mu steppe, pa choko kunja, kumakonda mapiri otsetsereka ndi mapiri otsika, amatha kupezeka pa dothi lachinyontho.
Dzidziwitse nokha ndi maluwa ouma monga amaranth, celosia, helihrizum, craspedia ndi tansy.
Gwiritsani ntchito kupanga mapangidwe
Xeranthemum ndi chomera chotchuka kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo. Zimakongoletsedwa ndi miyala ya rockbeds, rockery, yomwe imagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga malire. Chifukwa cha terry inflorescences, xeranthem imalola kukongoletsa gawo lililonse. Chomeracho chikhoza kufesedwa padera pokha ndikuphatikizana ndi maluwa ena, kupanga nyimbo zokongola. 
Xerantemum ikuphatikizidwa ndi astrantia, salvia, yarrow. Chomeracho chimasankhidwa kukhala chokongoletsera cha flowerbed, monga duwa ndi losavuta kusunga ndipo silikusowa zofunikira za kukula. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, mapeto a maluwa amatha, akupitiriza kusangalatsa diso.
Gwiritsani ntchito floristics
Kawirikawiri, xerantemum imakula pofuna kudula kupanga mapangidwe, ma bouquets mu mawonekedwe atsopano ndi owuma. Chifukwa cha ubwino wake wa kusungirako, duwa limalira pambuyo pocheka, popanda kutaya mtundu wa masamba ndi kusunga maluwa. Kuti xeranthemum ikhale yosungidwa bwino, imadulidwa panthawi yomwe masambawo samasulidwe.
Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito haretail, teasel, chitowe, mchere, gypsophila, heelipterum, katsitsumzukwa katsitsi, kochia, tsabola wamkazi ndi maluwa okongola.
Mitengo ikadulidwa, imasonkhanitsidwa pamodzi ndikulimbikitsanso kupachika masamba. Kuumitsa xerranem kuyenera kukhala m'chipinda chakuda, chakuuma - pokhapokha mutha kusunga chomera. Kantantemum mu mawonekedwe owuma amatha nthawi yayitali, osachepera zaka ziwiri kuti akhalebe ndi mtundu wowala komanso mawonekedwe a masamba.
Mukudziwa? N'zotheka kupanga maluwa owuma bwino kwambiri, chifukwa awa amagwiritsa ntchito yankho la hydrochloric acid. Pakuti kukonzekera kutenga hydrochloric acid (Gawo limodzi) ndi madzi (Magawo khumi ndi awiri), sakanizani zonse bwinobwino ndikuyamikani masamba atsopano mu madziwa kwa masekondi 4-5. Kenaka, pang'onopang'ono kugwedezeka ndi zouma mu limbo.
Kawirikawiri kseranttemum pamodzi ndi bouquets ndi zina zouma maluwa, annuals ndi perennials. Ku maluwa owuma pachaka, omwe angathe kuwonjezeredwa maluwa ndi xeranthemum, kuphatikizapo helihrizum, heelipterum, kermek. Pakati pa perennials omwe akuphatikizidwa ndi chomera, anafalis, gypsophilus, yarrow, ngale yam oyster, lavender ndi astilbe amasiyana. Spikelets wa tirigu akhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku bouquets, mbewu zamaluwa zokongoletsera - mphepo ndi lagurus, maluwawo amathandizira bwino lunaria ndi physalis.Kukula ndi kusamalira mbewu
Xerantemum ndi maluwa osasamala, kotero imatha kukhala wamkulu kunyumba popanda mavuto. Ganizirani mwatsatanetsatane komwe mungabzalidwe ndi momwe mungasamalire chomera chokongola.
Onaninso za maluwa osazolowereka monga sundew, passionflower, nepentes, orchis, hoya, camellia ndi amorphofallus.
Zomwe amangidwa
Kukula pamsewu pamtunda, m'pofunika kuti ukhale ndi dzuwa lokwanira, kotero kuti chomeracho chiyenera kubzalidwa pambali pa malo, kapena pamalo omwe ali ndi penumbra. Pankhani ya kukula mbande m'nyumba, ikani chidebe pawindo lakumwera. Mphamvu imakhala yosasuntha, mpaka masentimita 10 mu msinkhu, mukhoza kufesa mbewu mu miphika, osachepera 9 masentimita. 
Nthaka ndi feteleza
Pamene mukukula mbande za xseranemum m'nyumba, chidebe chiyenera kudzazidwa ndi nthaka yosalala, yotayirira, ndi bwino kugula mu sitolo yapadera. Kugulira gawo loyenera lachilengedwe la zomera. Xerantemum kutchire imakonda kukula pa nthaka yochepa. Zokonzedweratu kuti kulima mchenga ndi mchenga wopanda tsankho.
Pezani zomwe feteleza ndi phosphate ndi potashi zabwino kwa zomera.
Pofuna kulimbikitsa mapangidwe a masamba, tikulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa chomeracho ndi zovuta kwambiri feteleza ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Manyowawa amagulidwa m'masitolo apadera, amagwiritsidwa ntchito malinga ndi malangizo, omwe amasonyezedwa pa thanki ndi feteleza.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Xerantemum ndi zomera zosagonjetsedwa ndi chilala, kotero kutentha kwa mpweya ndi kuthirira sikofunikira kwambiri. Kuthirira mbewu kumalimbikitsidwa kokha pakukula mbande ndipo mutatha kubzalidwa poyera, mpaka nthawi yomwe idzamera mizu. Panthawiyi, maluwa amamwe madzi nthawi zonse, pambuyo poti mvula imatha. Pewani kuthirira pambuyo pa chomeracho. 
Ndikofunikira! Maluwa amatha kuthirira nthawi ya maluwa pokhapokha ngati chilala chikutentha kwambiri.
Kugwirizana kwa kutentha
Kuti mbewu ziphuke panthawi imodzi, kutentha kumayenera kukhala pamtunda wa madigiri 20. Ndibwino kukumbukira kuti mbewu zimatha kufa nthawi yozizira. Chomeracho chimakhala chosasinthasintha, kotero chimatha kupirira kutentha kwa madigiri mpaka +5 digiri. Popeza maluwawo ndi pachaka, amafesedwa kwa nyengo imodzi, kutanthauza kuti, nyengo yozizira imachotsedwa. Ngati nyembazo sizimasonkhanitsidwe panthawi ndipo zimagunda nthaka, ndiye kuti chaka chotsatira kuti mbeuyo idzaperekere, ngati safa m'nyengo yozizira. Kuyamera mbewu zomwe zinagwera m'nthaka mu kugwa kungatheke kokha ngati xeronetemum ikukula kumwera madera ndi nyengo yotentha. 
Kuswana
N'zotheka kufalitsa duwa ndi mbewu. Kukula xeranthem ndi kotheka kwambiri pa rassadny, choncho poyamba mbewu zimabzalidwa mu chidebe, zomwe zimayikidwa pamalo okongola. Kufesa kumachitika kumapeto kwa March, ndipo kubzala mbande pamtunda kumatulutsidwa mwezi woyamba wa chilimwe. Kufesa mbewu kumatsegulira kumachitanso: Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunika kufesa kumapeto kwa May, pamene kutaya kwakukulu kwa kutentha usiku kulibe. Ngati nyembazo zafesedwa pamalo otseguka, ndiye kuti deralo liri ndi filimuyi isanafike mphukira yoyamba. Pofesa m'nthaka iwo amapanga grooves (mpaka 3 masentimita mozama), kuwaza nthaka pamwamba.
Ndikofunikira! Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti pakukula mbande kumunda, kukwaniritsa maluwa a xertemum ndi kotheka kokha mwezi watha wa chilimwe.Mukamakula mbande mu nyumba, mphamvu imasankhidwa osati kuya, imadzazidwa ndi gawo lapansi mpaka 8 masentimita m'litali, ndipo mbewuzo zimabzalidwa mozama kuposa 0,5 cm. Pamwamba pa chivundikiro cha mphamvu ndi filimu kapena mtsuko wa galasi. Kumera mbande kumafuna kupatulira pokhapokha mutakula m'nyumba ndi kunja. Pankhani ya kukula mbande m'zitsulo zikuluzikulu, nkhuni zazing'ono zimathamanga zidutswa zitatu, kuziika mu mphika wosiyana ndi masentimita 9 pamodzi ndi clod. Mukakulira pamsewu, mbande zisamadzichedwe, ndiye kuti dera lanu liri ndi chophimba cholimba cha xertemism.
Zingakhale zovuta kukula
Pakukula kwa xerranem mungakumane ndi mavuto awa:
- Kumera kochepa kwa mbande ndi kusagwirizana ndi kutentha;
- kuchepa kumera ndi kukula kwa mtundu wobiriwira ndi kusagwirizana ndi madzi okwanira;
- chosavuta cha chomera chachikulu chomwe chimakhala ndi masamba obiriwira kwambiri, maluwa ang'onoang'ono, kapena kupezeka kwawo;
- kutha kumapeto kwa maluwa popanda kusavala.
Tizilombo, matenda ndi kupewa
Chomeracho chimagonjetsedwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizilombo toononga, koma nthawi zina zimakhala zowawa ndi mvula yambiri kapena kuthirira, zomwe zimayambitsa kuvunda kwa tsinde ndi mizu. Pofuna kupewa izi, m'pofunika kupewa kuchepetsa dothi, chifukwa xeranthem sichifuna chinyezi chokwanira ndipo amafuna kuchita popanda kuthirira ngakhale masiku otentha a chilimwe. Sizingatheke kuchiza chomera ngati kuvunda kwachitika, choncho ndibwino kuti musalole.
Kwa tizirombo zomwe zingawoneke pa xertemum, ziphatikizapo:
- Gall nematode - nyongolotsi yokhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, yomwe imakhazikika pazu, imayambitsa mavuto mu chitukuko ndipo imabweretsa imfa ya maluwa. Pa mizu ya chomera chokhudzidwa ndi nematode, kuphukira kwa chikasu kumawoneka, posakhalitsa kumakhala bulauni. Chomeracho chimachepetsa kukula, masamba osungunuka, mizu imaleka kugwira ntchito. The nematode ikuwoneka bwino mu nthaka pamene mpweya kutentha uli mkati + 18 ... + madigiri 25. Tizilombo tingathe kugonjetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga Mercapthos kapena Phosphamide. Ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi malangizo pa phukusi. Pofuna kupewa mawonekedwe a nematodes pa mizu, m'pofunika kuyang'anira nthaka chinyezi, kuthetseratu madzi okwanira, musagwiritse ntchito zovuta kwambiri feteleza mukusamalira maluwa.
- Nsabwe za m'masamba - mapafupi a mtundu wobiriwira kapena wakuda, omwe amadya minofu ya zomera, makamaka amadya masamba ndi maluwa. Nsabwe za m'masamba zimapweteka kwambiri zomera, chifukwa zimatha kuwonjezereka, kupanga mapiri akuluakulu omwe amakhala pamtunda wobiriwira. Pogwiritsa ntchito nsabwe za m'masamba, masamba a maluwawo ndi opunduka, mapesi amphesa amafa, ndipo zomera zazing'ono sizimayima ndipo imatha kufota. Njira yabwino yolimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ndi: "Aktara", "Tanrek", "Confidor", yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi malangizo pa phukusi. Pofuna kupewa chitetezo, nthawi zonse ayenera kuchotsa udzu, kuyang'ana zomera kuti adziwe zizindikiro zoyamba za nsabwe za m'masamba pamaluwa, komanso kuwononga zitsamba.
Lefi ya aphid.
Lefi ya aphid.Mukudziwa? Nsabwe za m'masamba zimatha kutulutsa madzi okoma kwambiri omwe amakopa nyerere kwambiri. Choncho, nthawi zina nsabwe za m'masamba zimayikidwa pazitsamba pafupi ndi zomera.
Xerantemum ikhoza kukongoletsa bedi lanu la maluwa ndipo imathandizira kuti likhale lopangidwa mu bouquets ndi zinthu zina zokongoletsera. Chifukwa cha kuphweka ndi kosavuta kusamalira mbewu, kukula maluwa okongoletsera panyumba sikovuta, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakondweretsa inu.
