Mkazi wamba wosakwatiwa sanaganizire kukhala ndi masamba atsopano nthawi zonse. Ndipo ngati mkati maluwa - chinthu chodziwikiratu, katsabola ndi letesi pawindo sizomwe zimapezeka mu wamba nyumba. Komabe, pali matekinoloje omwe amakulolani kuti mukule mosavuta osati zokongola zokha, komanso zomera zothandiza. M'nkhani ino tikambirana za hydroponics - njira yolima masamba kunyumba.
Mwatsopano amadyera nthawi iliyonse ya chaka
Hydroponics ndi njira yakale, ngakhale yosadziwika bwino, yopanda phindu. Dzina lenilenilo limalankhula zenizeni za njirayi: kumasulira kuchokera ku Greek, zikutanthauza "kugwiritsira ntchito njira".
Mukudziwa? Chimodzi mwa zodabwitsa zisanu ndi ziwiri, malo olemekezeka otchedwa Hanging Gardens of Babylon - choyamba chodziwika bwino cha hydroponics.Mukamakula mumadzi, mizu ya mbewuyo ili mu gawo lokhazikika la gawo la organic kapena lachilengedwe. Zakudya zonse zobiriwira zimachokera ku njira yothetsera, kumene chidebecho chimakhala ndi gawo lapansi. Kwa mtundu uliwonse wa chomera pali njira yodzipatula ndi seti yoyenera ya mabatire.
Chimene mukusowa kuti mukhale ndi masamba
Kukula katsabola ndi zomera zina, zimayenera kukonzekera zigawo zonse za teknoloji. Zili ndi zinthu ziwiri.
Dzidziwitse nokha ndi maonekedwe a nkhaka, tomato, strawberries pogwiritsa ntchito hydroponics.
Kuyika
Kuika kwa hydroponic kumaphatikizapo zida za kubzala ndi kupereka njira yothetsera zakudya. Pali mitundu yambiri yamakonzedwe otero, omwe amasinthidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mafakitale kapena ntchito zawo. 
Zida zopangira hydroponic kulima zingagulidwe kapena kusonkhana ndi dzanja. Ngati mwasankha kupanga zomangamanga payekha, mufunikira choyika chokhala ndi zida ziwiri (matanki awiri omwe angasinthe m'malo mwake), thanki la madzi, chitoliro, kapu ya aquarium ndi timer yomwe idzayendetse ntchito yonseyi. Mfundo izi zikwanira kukhazikitsa kulima kwa zitsamba pa khonde; amafunikanso kukhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu ndi kuyatsa.
Mukudziwa? Kukula kwa lingaliro la hydroponics kwasanduka zowonongeka, kumene mizu ya zomera ili mlengalenga ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi imachokera mungu ndi gawo. Madzi mwachindunji ku mizu sakuperekedwa.Ngati palibe chilakolako kapena mwayi wokonzera chomera cha hydroponic kuti mutenge masamba, mukhoza kuigula mwa kuitanitsa kudzera pa intaneti. Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito mafakitale ndi ofanana, kupatula kuti kugula kudzawoneka kosavuta komanso kosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.
Solution ndi Substrate
Pamene chomera chikukonzekera, chimakhalabe chosamalira yankho ndi gawo lapansi. Mbande yomwe imadzaza miphika ndi zomera zimathandizira mizu. Iye mwiniwakeyo ndi wosabala, ndiko kuti, alibe zakudya zonse. Nkofunika kuti gawo lapansi lisatulukire ku chinyezi ndipo mankhwala amasungunuka m'madzi. 
Njirayi imagulidwa m'masitolo olima. Ichi ndi madzi okonzeka omwe ali ndi zofunikira zonse zofunikira kuti kukula ndi chitukuko cha mtundu wina wa zomera. Popeza chomera chilichonse chimafuna munthu wokhala ndi zakudya zowonjezera, zimakhala zosiyana siyana.
Kukonzekera kukwera
Musanayambe kufunika kofunika kudziwa malo omwe malo okonza hydroponic adzakhalire. Monga lamulo, ndizenera zenera kapena khonde. Kuwonjezera pa chakudya (chomwe chimaperekedwa ndi dongosolo), zomera zimasowa kuunikira kokwanira ndi kutentha kwanthawi zonse. Zinthu izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa.
Kusankha kwa gawo lapansi
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, magawowa akugawidwa kukhala organic ndi kupanga. Malo apamwamba a aliyense wa iwo - kutsutsa kuchitidwa kowonjezereka kwa madzi ndi mankhwala. Iwo sayenera kumasula zinthu zilizonse, monga chomera chambewu chimawerengedweratu. Nawa ena mwa magawo omwe amapezeka kwambiri:
- wothira dongo - Izi ndi zidutswa zadongo, zowakidwa ndi kutentha kwa 1200 ° C. Palibe mchere mmenemo, koma dothi lowonjezera lingathe kuchepetsa pH ya yankho. Gawo la gawoli ndiloyenera kugwiritsiridwa ntchito, muyenera kungomutsuka kuchokera ku zitsulo ndi kuyeretsa mizu. Musanayambe kugwiritsira ntchito, udongo umatsukiranso pansi pamadzi kuti mutetewe kuipa;
- ubweya wamchere - imodzi mwa magawo otsika mtengo komanso othandiza a hydroponics. Komabe, zili ndi zovuta zake. Kugwira ntchito ndi ubweya wa mchere kumafunikira kusamala, popeza uli ndi microparticles zomwe zimapsetsa khungu. Ndikoyenera kuopa kugunda kwa chinthu ichi m'maso ndi mumlengalenga. Ndilo gawo lopangidwira, ndipo kuyamwa bwino kwa ubweya wa mchere kungayambitse mavuto;
- kokonati substrate. Zomwe zimapangidwa - chimanga ndi coconut pansi, choncho ndizosungika kwa chilengedwe. Pambuyo pogwiritsira ntchito imatha kutsanuliridwa m'mabedi monga feteleza. Monga chithandizo cha zomera mu hydroponics, izo zimatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa yabwino kwambiri, chifukwa ikhoza kusungunulira mchere ndi kuwadyetsa kwa nthawi yaitali. Amapezanso madzi bwino ndikupereka mpweya wabwino ku mizu;
- vermiculite ndi perlite. Mabungwe awiriwa akulimbikitsidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito palimodzi, popeza ali ndi malipiro owonjezera. Vermiculite amachititsa kuti nthaka ikhale yotayirira ndipo imatenga madzi ambiri. Perlite amatsiriza, gawo ili la chiphalaphala limapitirizabe kukhala ndi chinyezi ndipo silikugwirizana ndi feteleza zamchere.
Ndikofunikira! Gawoli liyenera kuyendetsa bwino osati madzi okha, komanso mpweya. Mpweya ndizofunika kuti mizu ikhale yofunikira kwambiri.
Kubzala mbewu
Monga lamulo, hydroponics imafuna kumera koyamba mbewu. Mbewu imamera mu nthaka kapena analog (mwachitsanzo, mu peat), kuthirira pasadakhale ndi njira yothetsera. Pamene mmera uli ndi tsamba limodzi kapena awiri enieni, zikutanthauza kuti mizu yayamba kale. Chomera ichi chidzasuntha kubzala mu filler popanda kutayika. 
Pofuna kubzala, mbeuyo imachotsedwa mumphika pamodzi ndi nthaka ndipo mizu imatsukidwa bwino. Kenaka, kugwira chomeracho, ugone tulo tomwe timayambira pansi. 
Ndikoyenera kudzala ku zakuya kotero kuti mtsogolo mizu sidakhudza yankho - chinyezi ndi zakudya zidzakwera kudzera pores of filler mokwanira. 
Ndikofunikira! Pambuyo pa kusambira, madzi otsetsereka amatsanuliridwa mu thanki yothetsera. Patangotha sabata imodzi yokha, m'malo mwawo amatha kusintha.Machitidwe ena amakono a hydroponic amachititsa kuti athe kufalitsa ndi kubzala ndikubzala mbewu nthawi yomweyo mmunda. Koma mwayi woterewu sungaperekedwe ndi opanga zipangizo zonse.
Kukonzekera kwa yankho
Yankho likukonzedwa mogwirizana ndi malingaliro a wopanga, poona mlingo weniweniwo. Pofuna kukula kwa letesi ndi zitsamba zina ku hydroponics kunyumba, amatha kusungira mchere wa 1.25 kuposa owerengeka. Njira yothetsera vutoli ndi feteleza ovuta komanso calcium nitrate. Kuti mukhale ndi feteleza yolondola, mungagwiritse ntchito sitiroko yachipatala. Ndalama zofunikira zimachepetsedwera mu madzi okwanira 1 litre. Calcium nitrate imapindikizidwa mu ndondomeko ya 25% ya madzi ofewa (250 g ya mankhwala pa 1 l madzi). Izi ndizo zigawo zikuluzikulu zothetsera vutoli.
Phunzirani zinsinsi za kukula bwino, kosalala, rosemary, basil, cilantro, chervil, anyezi wobiriwira, parsley, arugula pawindo.
Zodabwitsa za kusamalira masamba mu hydroponics
Vuto lalikulu ndi zodetsa nkhaŵa za eni ake a hydroponic machitidwe ndikutetezera zochitika kunja kwa kukula. Kuwonjezera apo, kuyimitsa kokha kumafuna kusamala. 
Nazi zofunika zofunika:
- Njira yothetsera zakudya imayenera kukhala m'malo mwa miyezi itatu iliyonse. Izi zidzakuthandizani kuti musasinthe kusintha kwa mchere ndi zinthu zina zakunja;
- Musalole kuti zinthu zakunja zilowetse yankho. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito ku ziwalo zakufa zakufa - ziyenera kutsukidwa nthawi yake;
- kutentha kwake kwa madzi kumafunika kusungidwa (20 ° C). Ngati kulumikiza kuli pawindo loziziritsa, ndi bwino kumanga choyimira kapena teyala.
Hydroponics ndi njira yodalirika yolima masamba ku nyumba, osasowa khama lambiri ndipo yatsimikiziridwa pakati pa wamaluwa wamaluwa.
