Wamaluwawo mwachizolowezi amakonda organic feteleza. Kwa minda yapayekha ndizo zotsika mtengo ndi zotetezeka zomwe zimathandiza kulimbana ndi zokolola. Koma ndizofunika kudziwa momwe mungasokonezere "organic", ndi kuchuluka kwake. Tiyeni tiwone ubwino wa slurry pa webusaitiyi.
Kufotokozera ndi kupanga feteleza
Slurry imatanthauzanso mankhwala otchedwa nayitrogeni-potaziyamu. Chifukwa cha njirayi ndi madzi (98.5-98.8%). Ma potassium ali ndi 0.45%, pamene nayitrogeni ndi 0.25%. Koma phosphorus ndi yaing'ono kwambiri: mkati mwa 0.01% ya bukulo. Chogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi urea.
Potaziyamu ndi nayitrojeni, kotero, sungunulani bwino ndipo imayamwa bwino ndi zomera. Nitrogenous urea, akamachitapo kanthu ndi urobacterium, mwamsanga amapita ku carbonic ammonium. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, imayambira mofulumira, motero mchang'onong'onong'ono (motero, madziwo amasungidwa mu zotsekedwa).
Ndikofunikira! Kuthetsa gawo lolimba mofulumira, madzi amatsitsimutsa masiku awiri aliwonse.Kusungirako zinthu kungasinthe mtengo wa yankho: nayitrogeni yomweyi ikhoza "kugwa" ku chiwerengero cha 0.02% kapenanso "kulumpha" mpaka 0,8%. Zomwezo zimachitika ndi potaziyamu - zomwe zilipo zimatha kusiyana ndi 0.1% mpaka 1.2%.
Ponena za vutoli, tifunika kutchula chinthu chimodzi chokha: malinga ndi momwe zomera zimayendera, mankhwalawa amakhala pafupi ndi madzi amchere kusiyana ndi mankhwala.
Momwe mungapezere ndi kusunga slurry
Kutchuka kwake feteleza chifukwa chokhala kosavuta kukonzekera. Kuchokera kwa wogwira ntchitoyo mumangofunikira zida zazikulu zokha. Yabwino kwambiri pansi pa mbiya yamphongo pa 100-200 malita. Zomwe zimagwiritsira ntchito "Ground" ndizoyenera, mwachitsanzo, bedi.
Nazi mndandanda wa zosakaniza:
- manyowa;
- madzi;
- mphothosphate;
- phulusa.
Chidebecho chimadzaza ndi pafupifupi 1/3 ya mlingo wa manyowa ndi kudzazidwa ndi madzi pamwamba. Kenaka yikani superphosphate (50 g pa chidebe 10). Phulusa idzafuna zambiri - 1 makilogalamu / 100 l madzi. Zonsezi zimasakanizidwa bwino, ndipo mbiya ili ndi filimu yolimba. Amaloledwa kuti brew kwa masiku 10-14, oyambitsa nthawi zina. Pa nthawi yomweyi tizilombo sitiyenera kugwera mu muck.Mukudziwa? Mu 1775, buku la agronomist A. Bolotov, "Pa feteleza la nthaka", linasindikizidwa, momwe phindu la kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza zochokera ku manyowa zinatsimikiziridwa.Feteleza nthawi zambiri amakhala pamthunzi. Pa kutentha, nayonso mphamvu imakhala yogwira ntchito, koma itatha kuchotsedwa, nayitrogeni yambiri idzasanduka madzi. Pa sitepe malo abwino kwambiri akhoza kukhala mbiya ataima pamtengo.
Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi manyowa, nthawi zambiri ng'ombe. Mukhoza kutenga ndi nkhumba - ndizolemera kwambiri mu nayitrogeni (poyamba 0,31% poyerekeza ndi 0.09% mu mullein).
Ntchito ya feteleza ya feteleza
Asanayambe kudya, slush ayenera kusakanizidwa ndi madzi oyera. Izi ndizofunikira - ngati mutatsanulira zokhazokha, mizu idzakhala "yotentha".
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ponseponse mwakhama komanso ngati chimbudzi. Pa nthawi yomweyo, nyemba zowuma kale zimathiridwa ndi slurry (pa 1 makilogalamu a peat zimatengera 0,5 mpaka 2 malita a slurry). Zimaganizira mtundu wa nthaka ndi chikhalidwe chake. Kuti nthaka ikhale yowala, yosamalidwa bwino, palibe vuto, koma nthaka yomwe imatulutsidwa ndi miyala yaching'ono imakhala yaing'ono kwambiri, ndipo alimi ena amakana kugwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi.
Ndikofunikira! Zakudya zatsopano zingakhale zovulaza kwa tizilombo tizilombo. Iwo amatha ngati akuumirira, choncho perekani masabata angapo madzi.Zimapezeka kuti peat ndi asidi pang'ono. Izi zimakonzedwa powonjezera 1% laimu.
Momwe tingapangire slush, ife tikudziwa kale, kupita molunjika ku kugwiritsa ntchito zolembazo.
Kudyetsa m'munda
Alimi amadziwa kuti feteleza ndi chakudya chochuluka chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyambira chaka chachiwiri cha kukula.
Sludge imatsanuliridwa mu ming'oma ndi zowonongeka. Iwo akuyesera kuti apange pang'ono kuti gawo la nayitrogeni lifike pafupi ndi rhizome. Mankhwalawa amachitika kumapeto kwa mvula. Madzi ndi "osakaniza" ndi slurry (5 malita pa 1 l ndalama, 1/6 ndizotheka) ndipo amatsanulira mofanana pa mlingo wa malita 10 pa 1 sq. M wa mtengo wa podstvolnoy square. Mtengo wakale wokhala ndi nthambi zotsogola udzafunika maulendo awiri, koma popanda kutengeka.
Kwa dothi losauka, mcherewu ukuwonjezeka nthawi 1.2-1.5, pamene nthaka yosungidwa ikhoza kuchepetsedwa pang'ono.
Kudyetsa kachiwiri kumachitika pamene mphukira zapachaka zakula. Ngati chiyeso choterocho sichinali chokwanira, ndiye pambuyo pa masiku 35-40 pakhale ntchito ina.
Mukudziwa? Chothandizira kwambiri pa chitukuko cha sayansi ya nthaka chinapangidwa ndi V. Dokuchaev, yemwe anakhala zaka 6 (1888-1894) anaphunzira dothi la chigawo cha Poltava. Pachifukwa chawo, mapu a nthaka aphatikizidwa, ndipo njira zina zofufuzira pansi pa zolemba zake zidagwiritsidwanso ntchito.Pali chinthu chimodzi chokha: mitengo yamtengo wapatali yamtengo wapatali imadyetsa kudutsa pakati pa 2 mpaka 5, mu mitundu ina (apulo, peyala kapena chitumbuwa). Ndili ndi zaka, amalekerera bwino mankhwalawa.
Manyowa m'mundawu amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatcheru, kudyetsa "kudyetsa" kamodzi kamodzi pa zaka 2-3, pamene slurry imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti gawo lalikulu la gawo lapansi louma likhoza kuchepetsa kukula.
Gwiritsani ntchito m'munda
Mbewu yaikulu ya munda imalolera kulemba pamwamba, makamaka kwa mitundu ya dzungu. Koma nyemba, nandolo ndi radishes za ulimi wothirira sizinayanjane, ndipo wamaluwa ambiri samawawonjezera. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito ku kabichi kohlrabi.
Kwa mtundu uliwonse wa zomera uli ndi teknoloji yakeyake. Ngakhale ndi bwino kupanga slush pambuyo madzi okwanira ambiri.
Ngati mulibe manyowa, ndipo mukufunika kudyetsa zomera, timalangiza pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza ogula monga Plantafol, Crystalon, Ammophos, potassium sulfate, Zircon, Tomato Signore, HB-101, Trichoderma veidea, Kemira, Siyanie-2, Biohumus , potaziyamu nitrate, Vympel, Ovary
Nkhaka zimafuna zowonjezera pambuyo pa masabata awiri, osakaniza ndi madzi mu chiŵerengero cha 1:10 amatsanulira pa lita imodzi pansi pa chitsamba. Pa chidebe cha madzi, mukhoza kuwonjezera supuni 1 ya superphosphate kapena potaziyamu sulphate. Mofanana ndi achinyamata zukini ndi dzungu.
Ndikofunikira! Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yothetsera vutoli, mitengo ikhoza kuchepetsa kukula, masamba awo amatha. Ndikofunika kudziwa mtundu wa nthaka ndikuyang'ana pa chikhalidwe chake.Kuyamba kwa tomato kumapangidwa masiku khumi mutabzala pansi. Pafupi masiku 10-14 (ndiko kuti, pamaso maluwa) akutsanuliranso. Mlingo waukulu kwambiri ndi 0,5 malita a yankho pansi pa chitsamba.
Nthawi yokwanira yoyamba kuika kabichi - masabata awiri mutabzala (yemweyo 0.5 malita pansi pa chitsamba). Masabata angapo ayenera kubwezeretsedwa. Ndikumapeto kwa mizere yocheperapo, ndizovuta kwambiri - masabata awiri mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito kachiwiri, 1.5 malita a madzi amatsanulira kale pansi pa chomeracho, popeza poyamba anawonjezera 30 g ya superphosphate 10 malita.
Pakuti uta kutsatira chiwembu 2-3 pa 1 sq.m. Pofika May - zaka khumi zoyambirira za June, pamene nthenga ikukula mofooka.
Kukonzekera slurry kwa tsabola kumaphatikizapo ndi kutenga nawo nkhuku. Malo oyambirira akuchitika pa 14-15 patatha masiku akufika. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, manyowa osakaniza ndi madzi mu chiwerengero cha 1:15 akuwonjezeredwa ku slurry. 
Zolemba zonsezi zimasakanizidwa ndi kutsanulira 1 l ndalama za chitsamba chilichonse. Kubwezeretsani - mwamsanga mutatha maluwa, pamene madzi ochepa amadzi owonjezera akuwonjezeredwa. Ngati kuli koyipa kucha, njira yachitatu imapangidwira (itatha zipatso zoyamba).
Mukudziwa? Chiyambi pa kukula kwa kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa zachilengedwe ndi ntchito ya J. Van Helmont, yemwe anali m'zaka za m'ma 1630. anaphunzira njira yopatsa zomera ndi madzi. Chothandizira kwambiri ku nthambiyi ya chidziwitso chinapangidwa ndi M. Lomonosov ndi A. Lavoisier, omwe anali ndi chidwi ndi momwe mpweya umagwirira ntchito pa rhizomes ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana.Pansi pa beet, mullein mu madzi akutsanulira pakatha bedi litakulungidwa. 1 l ya madzi akuwonjezeka ku 8 l madzi, izi ndi zokwanira mamita 8 ofanana mzerewu.
Ubwino wogwiritsira ntchito slurry mbewu za m'munda ndi munda
Zolembazi zili ndi ubwino wambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunika kwambiri m'dera lililonse:
- Zosatheka kukonzekera.
- Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga bwino mbewu ndi mitengo ya zipatso.
- Mwamsanga atengeka ndi zomera popanda zina processing.
- Amathandizira mbande pachigawo chilichonse cha chitukuko. Zimalimbikitsa kukula kwa "achinyamata" komanso zimathandiza kuti zomera zamphamvu zitheke.
- Kuwonjezera zokolola.
- Chitetezo chokwanira cha yankho mothandizana ndi kufanana ndi kufotokoza kolondola.
Tikukhulupirira kuti zidziwitso izi zidzakuthandizira oyamba kulima, ndipo ngakhale olima amaluwa adzatsitsimutsa nthawi zina kukumbukira. Zokolola zabwino!
