Zida zaulimi

Okonzedwa-okwera: omwe ndi ntchito, muzichita nokha

Kwa zaka mazana ambiri, zipangizo zaulimi sizimasintha mawonekedwe awo. Zinkawoneka kuti zinali zosatheka kuzikonza. Chirichonse chinasintha pamene kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ndi zamakono kudera lino. Makamaka, kawirikawiri mtunduwu unasandulika kukhala chipangizo choyenera pa mini-thirakita - yokongola ya rakes-tedders, yomwe imatchedwanso agitators. M'nkhani ino tidzakambirana za momwe aphunzitsiwa amasiyana ndi momwe amachitira nthawi zonse komanso zomwe zimapindulitsa, ganizirani maonekedwe awo ndikukuuzani momwe mungapangire matayala-kuchoka ku zipangizo zopangidwa bwino komanso osachepera zipangizo kunyumba.

Kufotokozera

Anthu onse okhala mmudzi ndi a dacha ayenera kuyeretsa malowa kuchokera ku masamba osagwa. Zochita zolimbitsa nthawiyi zimafuna masiku angapo kapena masabata (malingana ndi kukula kwa munda). Vuto lalikulu kwambiri ndi nthawi ya haymaking ndi kufunika kwa kuyanika kwautali kwa udzu pansi pa kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi kutembenuka nthawi zonse ndi kutuluka, makamaka pa mahekita angapo a haymaking pamwamba. Ntchitoyi ikhoza kutsogoleredwa ndi kupeza kampani yapadera, yomwe imakwezedwa kwa othandizidwa ndi minitractor.

Tikupempha kuti tipeze kuti ta tractor mini ndi ziti zabwino: Japanese kapena Chinese. Dziŵitsenso ndi ubwino ndi zovuta zonse za mini tractors "Bulat-120", "KMZ-012", "Belarus-132n".

Chipangizochi chimaoneka ngati chitsulo, chomwe chimakhala ndi magudumu angapo (awiri kapena kuposa), omwe amafanana ndi mawilo a njinga, amamangiriridwa kwa ogwira ntchito, koma ndi zingwe zopota za waya wandiweyani kuzungulira mphutsi. Njira yoyendayenda imagwirizanitsa mwachindunji ndi injini pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wochotsa mphamvu. Tedder amapanga mini tractors Komanso, azitsamba ali ndi zigawo zawo, zomwe zimasiyanitsa iwo malinga ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana zomwe amachita.

Mukudziwa? Chida choyambirira kwambiri, chomwe chinkafanana ndi rake, chinalengedwa panthawi ya Mesolithic (pafupi zaka 15,000 BC). Izi zimatsimikiziridwa ndizipezeka pa malo a malo akale kwambiri.

Ubwino

Zipangizo zaulimi zakonzedwa kuti zithandize ntchito ya munthu wogulitsa ndi ntchito zina m'munda ndi m'munda. Otsatirawa ali ndi ubwino wosatsutsika. Choyamba, ndikofunikira kuzindikira zotsatirazi:

  • Kuchita bwino kwambiri (kotsika kwambiri kuposa kukonza buku);
  • Kusungika kosungirako zosungirako ndikupita kumalo ogwirira ntchito;
  • nthawi ya ntchito yabwino ndi yothandiza;
  • mtengo wovomerezeka, komanso mwayi wokhala wokha pakhomo;
  • mtengo wotsika mtengo (zida zotsika mtengo ndi zipangizo zopanda phindu, komanso kuchepetsa thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezeka kwa mafuta ndi minitractor kapena motoblock).

Dzidziwitse nokha ndi malangizo a magawo ndi ndondomeko momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito tekitala yamagalimoto kuchoka pamagalimoto

Kulemba

Malinga ndi njira yowunikira, ma tedders adagawidwa mu mitundu iwiri:

  1. Gudumu inakwera. Pachifukwa ichi, tedder ndi magudumu angapo ogwirizana, omwe ali ndi zikopa zambiri zosonkhanitsa ndi kutchera udzu kapena udzu.
  2. Rotary. Ma subspecies ameneŵa ndi gudumu lokha limodzi. Miphika yayitali imamangirizidwa kwa iyo; pamphepete zosiyana za ma tubes pali ndodo zingapo zomwe zimatulutsa ntchito ya rake. Mtedza woterewu ukhoza kuthamanga mofulumira ndikuponyera udzu kumbali kuti aumitse, koma si oyenera kumangika mumatumba kapena ma rolls, chifukwa umayenda mu bwalo ngati fanasi, kufalitsa chirichonse kumbali.

Chigawo china chimapangidwa m'magulu otsatirawa:

  • chikhalidwe cha kupanga gawo logwira ntchito;
  • mwa mtundu wa traction;
  • malingana ndi njira yopanga mipukutu;
  • mwa mtundu wa attachment.

Angakhalenso:

  1. Crosswise. Kukonzekera kwachitika motero mbali yonse ya tedder yolumikizana ndi nthaka ili pamalo opangidwa ndi makina okoka. Pachifukwa ichi, ndi bwino kupanga kabuti, kumangiriza udzu wokhala ndi udzu kapena udzu pambuyo pa thirakitala kapena motoblock.
  2. Yotsatira. Pachifukwa ichi, phirili limapangidwa kotero kuti tedder ilipo mozungulira kwa makina okoka, ndiko kuti, ili pambali. Pachifukwa ichi, ndibwino kupanga mapangidwe a udzu kapena udzu, womwe pambuyo pake udzakhala wokhala ndi tedder ndi yopingasa.

Mukudziwa? Ndigwiritsire ntchito ma tedders apadera m'malo mozoloŵera rake mukhoza kuonjezera bwino nthawi khumi.

Mfundo yogwirira ntchito

Chifukwa cha galasi lamphamvu kapena kuyendetsa galimoto, mphuno imafalitsidwa kuchokera ku injini yaikulu kupita ku makina a tedder. Mpaka maulendo asanu ndi awiriwo akhoza kugwira nawo ntchito imodzimodzi, ndikuphimba malo akuluakulu kuti agwire ntchito yofunikira. Mapangidwe apadera a magudumu okhala ndi zingwe pamphepete amakulolani kuti mulowetse udzu, udzu wa udzu, mulu wa masamba, kuwutembenuza iwo, kuwasungira mu mulu kapena kuwongolera iwo kumbuyo kwanu.

Mankhwala oterewa, chifukwa cha makonzedwe ake a magudumu a singano, akhoza kugwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Mwa kusintha kayendetsedwe ka torque, mukhoza kuphatikiza ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mbali imodzi ya tedder yake ikuwombera mofulumira, ndipo mbali inayo imatsutsana nayo, udzu wonse, udzu, udzu kapena masamba adzasonkhanitsa muyeso waukulu pakati, zomwe zingatheke mosavuta mu mulu. Ngati mukufunikira kugwiritsa ntchito tedder ngati malo ake ambiri, mbali ya mpanda imasintha ndi 180 °, kotero kuti mawilo akhale mumzere umodzi ndikugwira chirichonse chomwe chiyenera kusonkhanitsidwa pansi. Mfundo ya chida choterocho ndi yophweka, choncho n'zosavuta kugwira nawo ntchito.

VIDEO: ZIMENE ZILI MUGWIRITSE NTCHITO

Ntchito ndi chisamaliro

Chifukwa cha kudzikongoletsa kwake, turner ndi yosavuta kugwiritsira ntchito ndipo safuna zina zowonjezera njira zothandizira. Ntchito, chifukwa cha zomangamanga, ndizotheka kwa nthawi yayitali, koma ntchitoyo idzakhala yayikulu kuposa ngati inali yachibadwa.

Ponena za chisamaliro, ndithudi, nthawi ndi nthawi muyenera kugwira ntchito yamagetsi, mowolowa manja oiling malo onse ozungulira ndi oyendayenda kuti muzitha kuyendayenda bwino komanso osasokonezeka. Galimoto yoyendetsa misonkho iyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala kotero kuti unyolo suuluka pa gear ndipo sutaya chipangizocho. Ndi bwino kukonzekera njira zoterezi ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera zotetezera.

Pakakhala zovuta kapena kusokonezeka, kusinthidwa kwa zigawozo sikovuta. Zimapezeka pamsika, zongowonongeka ndi kusinthidwa.

Phunzirani momwe mungapangire wopanga ndi manja anu.

Mapiri okwera ndi ozungulira a manja awo

Tsopano tiyeni tiphunzirepo njira yokonzera ndikuyika tedder ndi manja anu Timaganizira zojambula ziwiri: rotary ndi mtundu wa "Sun".

Tchire lozungulira

Kumayambiriro, muyenera kupanga mapepala a zitsulo, zomwe zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi mphamvu ndi katundu wa motoblock kapena thirakitala. Ngakhalenso zogwira ntchito zingakhale kugwiritsa ntchito piritsi yozungulira kapena yachitsulo. Komabe, zidzakhala zosavuta kugwira ntchito limodzi ndi omalizawa, popeza mutha kukwaniritsa mbalizo, kuzikwaniritsa bwino kuti zigwirizane ndi kukula kwake. Pachifukwa ichi, chigawochi ndi kupanga mbali imodzi ya chimango chofanana ndi chombo, ndipo chimzake chimachita mawonekedwe a tapered.

Mothandizidwa ndi mzere wa cardan, rotoryo idzayendetsedwa, yomwe ndi yofunika kuntchito ya tedder. Njira ina yosungira galimoto ikhoza kugwira ntchito ngati galimoto yotsatiridwa kumbuyo.

Ndikofunikira! Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito ngolo yokhoza kutsogolo, monga ili kumbuyo kutsogolo kwa magalimoto oyendetsa galimoto kuti muli ndi magalimoto onse ndi zinthu zina zofunika kuti musonkhanitse mawotchi ake.

Ngati mukupanga mpikisano umene udzakonzedwe ndi thirakitala, muyenera kukonzekera shaft yochotsa mphamvu ndi kuperekera kwapadera. Chosowachi ndi chifukwa chakuti matrekta ambiri amapanga pafupifupi 540 maulendo pa mphindi, yomwe ndi yapamwamba kwambiri ya wotembenuzidwa bwino.

Monga rotor yokha, galimoto yosungira galimoto idzagwiritsidwa ntchito, ku thupi limene mukufunikira kuyendetsera timachubu 10 za kutalika ndi makulidwe kuti tipeze mtundu wa "dzuwa," ndiko kuti, machubu ayenera kupita pang'ono kupyola disc.

Pambuyo pa ma tubes atatenga malo awo pa diski yapamwamba ya galimoto, mukhoza kupitiriza kuwongolera mano anu. Mano oterewa amatha kupangidwa kuchokera ku waya wandiweyani komanso kuchokera ku bar. Ndili ndi makina owotcherera, yikani mano onse ku rotor. Ndizo zonse. Mtsinje wa rotary uli wokonzeka kuyesedwa ndi kupitiriza ntchito.

Mtundu wamtundu wa "Classic" wotchedwa "Sun"

Mtengo woterewu umaphatikizapo magalasi atatu a magetsi amphamvu ndi magudumu asanu a matrekita, chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zosiyana siyana.

Onani mndandanda wa motoblocks yabwino mu 2018.

Kuti mudalenge muyenera kutero:

  • zida zachitsulo za gawo lalikulu kapena kuzungulira;
  • waya wonyamulira;
  • mapepala angapo a zitsulo pafupifupi 4 mm wakuda.

Chida chokonza matini Pothandizidwa ndi chopukusira ndi makina odzola, kudula mapaipi achitsulo pakati pawo, omwe amapanga chimango chachikulu cha chipangizochi. Pa chimango cha machubu amamatikamo makompyuta a mawilo. Magudumu amathawa omwe amapangidwa ndi mapepala a chitsulo cholimba (monga mwayi, mafelemu ochokera mawilo a njinga akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito, koma ayenera kulimbikitsidwa ndi ndodo zazitsulo ndi zophimba kuti asagwe mu nthawiyi).

Phunzirani momwe mungagwirizanitse motoblock.

Pogwiritsa ntchito waya wounikira, pangani zolakolako zomwe zidzakhala mtundu wa udzu, udzu kapena masamba ogwa. Ndi bwino kupanga zipilala zoterezi m'malo mwake - chifukwa cha izi, gwiritsani ntchito njira zowakanirira kapena zowonjezera, zomwe zingasokonezedwe ngati kuli koyenera ndikusintha. Kuti muyambe bwino magudumu a singano ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zilembo zomwe zili m'katikati.

Ndikofunikira! Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito magalimoto amtundu (zojambula zojambula bwino ndizofunikira, mwachitsanzo, kuchokera ku VAZ magalimoto). Chifukwa cha chithunzithunzi chachitsulo mbali imodzi ndi gland pambali inayo, ichi sichilola kuti zimbalangondo zikhale ndi dzimbiri, ngakhale mutakhala nazo kunja.

Gawo lotsatira pa kusonkhanitsa tedder ndi manja anu ndilo kukhazikitsa kulumikizana, mothandizidwa ndi zomwe zidzakokedwa ku galimotoyo. Chingwe choterechi chiyenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi zitsime zachitsulo zokhala ndi zitsulo ndi zina zapadera zowonongeka, zomwe zidzathetsa mchenga pansi pa malo oyenera ndikuzibwezeretsa pamalo pomwe makina atenga malo omwe akufuna ndipo akhoza kupitiriza kugwira ntchito. Kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ndi zamakono zogwiritsira ntchito zida zakhala zofunikira zofunika pa moyo wathu wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Tsopano mwaphunzira momwe mungasonkhanitsire matchire anu okwera kunyumba. Tsopano mungathe kuchepetsa ntchito yanu pokhudzana ndi kugwa masamba kapena kugwidwa udzu, simukuyenera kutembenuza udzu kuchokera kumbali zonse. Kwa inu wogwira ntchitoyi akhoza kuchita ntchitoyi yaitali komanso yovuta.

VIDEO: MALANGIZO OTHANDIZA KUZIKHALA MPHAMVU YOPHUNZIRA 4-WHEELED