Lero pali mitundu pafupifupi 180 ya nkhuku. Nthawi zambiri obereketsa amawotcha mazira kapena nkhuku zabwino za nkhuku. Koma pali mitundu ya nkhuku zomwe sizidzakondwera ndi makhalidwe awo opindulitsa, koma zidzakhala zokongoletsa kwenikweni pabwalo. Izi zikuphatikizapo nkhuku ya nyama ya Brama Kuropatchataya. Ponena za momwe ziyenera kusungidwira ndi momwe ziyenera kukhalira zidzafotokozedwa m'nkhani yathu.
Tsatanetsatane wamabambo
Mtundu wa nkhuku Brama Kuropatchataya ndi yokongola ndi nyama. Oimira ake ali ndi thupi lamphamvu. Nkhuku zamphamvu za nkhukuzi, zomwe zimapanga kolala kuzungulira khosi mosiyana ndi mtundu waukulu wa thupi ndi "thalauza" za nthenga m'milingo, zimakopa kwambiri. Chifukwa cha mvulayi, mbalame zazikulu zowoneka kale zikuwonekera kwambiri. Kulemera kwakukulu kumapangitsa kuti nkhukuzi zikhale pansi komanso phlegmatic. 
Nyama za nkhukuzi zinalembetsedwa mwalamulo mu 1874. Iye adalidwa ndi azungu a kumpoto kwa America kupyolera mwa kusankha kovuta. Linasakaniza magazi a nkhuku zachi Malayan ndi Cochinquin. Odyetsa ankamvetsera makamaka za mbalame zomwe zimatsogoleredwa ndi mbalame komanso kuti zimatha kukhala ndi moyo m'madera osiyanasiyana, koma mtundu umenewu unasangalatsidwa ndi obereketsa a ku America ndi a ku Ulaya, omwe ankakonda kwambiri mbalame.
Mukudziwa? Charles Darwin adatsimikiziranso kuti mwamunayo adalandira nkhuku zoweta pogwiritsa ntchito mbalame za bankivian zomwe zimakhala m'nkhalango ya Asia. Izi zakhala zikuchitika zaka 6-8,000 BC. er ku Southeast Asia ndi ku China.
Makhalidwe ndi zikhalidwe za mtunduwo
Nkhuku za mtundu wa Brahma ndi kopatchataya wamtali, thupi lalikulu ndi chifuwa chachikulu ndi mimba, miyendo yayikulu yayikulu, khosi lalitali. Pamutu waung'ono pali kachilombo kofiira kofiira, komwe kuli katatu. Zovala, maso, ndolo ndi nkhope zili zofiira. Mlomo wamphamvu wa mthunzi wachikasu. 
Pakuti mtunduwu umadziwika ndi kugonana. Mphuno ya akazi ndi ya chikasu, nthenga zake zili ndi timawu tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tomwe timakhala ndi mdima wakuda. Amakhalanso ndi khosi lalifupi komanso laling'ono poyerekeza ndi amuna. M'malo otsetsereka, mtundu waukulu wa mphukira uli wakuda ndi masamba obiriwira, ndipo mutu, kolala, mapewa ndi kumbuyo zili ndi maluwa okongola a lalanje.
Amuna amalemera pafupifupi makilogalamu asanu, ndipo akazi amafika polemera masentimita 3-4.5. Mitundu ya nkhuku Brama Kuropatchataya imayamba kumera pambuyo pa miyezi 8 ya moyo. Zigawo zimatha kunyamula mazira pafupifupi 120 pachaka. Mazira awo adakanikira pa tsamba la bulauni la chipolopolo champhamvu ndipo amalemera pafupifupi 60 g. Pambuyo pa chaka chachitatu cha moyo, mazira akuchepa kwambiri.
Onani mitundu yambiri yokongola ya nkhuku monga: Araucana, Ayam Tsemani, Bentamki, Hamburg, Dutch bearded, silika wachi China, Krecker, Curly, Milfleur, Paduan, Sibright, Phoenix ndi Shabo.
Zochita ndi zoipa za mtundu
Nkhuku za mtundu uwu zili ndi ubwino wotere:
- kusasamala nyengo, amalekerera nyengo yozizira ndi yamvula chifukwa cha mafunde awo;
- kuthamanga ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira;
- kulemera kwakukulu;
- iwo ali ndi kayendedwe kabwino ka makulitsidwe;
- khalani mawonekedwe okongola kwambiri;
- iwo ali ndi khalidwe lamtendere ndi losagwirizana;
- akhoza kudziyimira okha pamaso pa zidye zazing'ono;
- kudya chakudya cha khalidwe lirilonse;
- chabwino dzira kupanga, monga nyama mtundu.
Mavuto a mtundu uwu ndi awa:
- Kutalika kwautali - nkhuku zimayamba kubadwa kuchokera pa miyezi isanu ndi itatu;
- nkhuku zimakula pang'onopang'ono;
- chizolowezi chofuna kunenepa kwambiri nthawi zina chimapangitsa kuti mbalame ifike pamapazi ake;
- kunenepa kwambiri kungayambitse matenda a mtima;
- Ngakhale kuti chizoloŵezi cha kukwatira, nkhuku nthawi zina zimanyalanyaza ntchito zawo, ndipo, chifukwa cha kulemera kwakukulu kwa mphete, zimatha kuthyola dzira loswa.
Kuswana ndi kusamalira
Uwu ndiwo mtundu wosadzichepetsa, koma ngati umasungidwa ndi kuchepetsedwa ndikofunika kulingalira mbali zina.
Pezani nkhuku zotere monga Brama, giant Jersey, Dorking, Cochinchyn, Corniche, Plymouthrock, Orpington ndi Fireol.
Zokuthandizani Kutulutsa Mazira
Mabala a Brahma Kupatchataya mtundu si osiyana ndi mazira. Pachifukwa ichi, mutha kugula mazira, ndipo mukhoza kugula akuluakulu kuti abereke ndikuyamwitsa mazira. Mu nkhuku nkhuku, akatswiri amalangiza kuti asunge tambala imodzi chifukwa khumi akugoneka nkhuku. Mazira azimayi amawathira okha ndipo amawasamalira. Njuchi za nkhuku zazikuluzi ndizochepa. Kuyamwitsa nkhuku kungatheke ndi chofungatira. Pa ichi muyenera kugula mazira oyenerera. 
Kugula zitsanzo zatsopano sizingasungidwe kwa masiku opitirira 10 musanayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo ndibwino kutenga mazira osapitirira masiku atatu. Ngakhale kuti nkhuku zili ndi chizoloŵezi chokhazikika, alimi amakonda chowombera - izi zimakutetezani kupewa mazira omwe nthawi zina amapezeka chifukwa cha nkhuku zazikulu. Kwa kuberekanso nkhuku muyenera kusankha nkhuku zoposa zaka ziwiri, chifukwa mtundu uwu umayamba kunyamula mazira aakulu pokhapokha atakwanitsa zaka ziwiri.
Kukula kwa dzira, kulimbitsa anawo. Kuwongolera mazira ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala. Mitengo yaing'ono yaing'ono kapena yaikulu kwambiri, mawonekedwe opunduka (monga mpira kapena peyala), ndi zolemba za mandimu, zowonongeka kwambiri, zofiira kwambiri kapena zipolopolo zazikulu, ndipo mawanga ayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo - sizili zoyenerera kuti azikhadzula anapiye. 
Mazira owonongeka kwambiri amatulutsidwanso chifukwa sangathe kutsukidwa - izi zidzatsuka filimu yotetezera ndipo idzasokoneza kusintha kwa mpweya kupyolera mu mazira a dzira. Ngati zonse zidzakwaniritsidwa, anapiye adzabadwa pambuyo pa masiku 19-21.
Kulerera anapiye
Nkhuku yolemera tsiku ndi tsiku imakhala pafupifupi 36 g. Ana amayerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya nkhuku akukula pang'onopang'ono. Nkhuku yathanzi imakhala ndi ntchito zabwino, imayima molimba pamapazi ake, mimba yake yakula, miyendo yake ndi mlomo wake ndi wachikasu.
Atabadwa, anapiye amafunika kusamalidwa ndi kusamalidwa mwapadera masiku 10 oyambirira. Mukakulira kunyumba, masiku 14 oyambirira a nkhuku akhoza kuchitika mu bokosi, koma pambuyo pake ayenera kusamukira ku malo akuluakulu. Amafunika malo ofunda, oyera, owuma ndi abwino mpweya wokha, popanda ma drafts. Pazithunzi 1. M malo pafupifupi 20-25 ana. 
Akafika mwezi umodzi, aikidwa kale ndi anthu 17, ndipo kuchokera pa 2.5 mpaka 5 miyezi - 20 anapiye pa mita imodzi. m) Odyetsa ndi oledzera ayenera kukhazikitsidwa kuti anapiye asaloŵe nawo ndi mapazi awo - kusokoneza kwa chakudya ndi madzi akumwa kumayambitsa mavuto m'matumbo. Pofuna kuteteza matenda a m'mimba zimalimbikitsidwa kupereka ana osakaniza potassium permanganate.
Katemera wa nkhuku
Matenda ambiri (Newcastle, Matenda a Marek, matenda opatsirana opatsirana, mazira oyambitsa mazira, matenda a adenovirus, ndi zina zotero) amachititsa kuti nkhuku zisawonongeke kwambiri ndipo zingayambitse kutaya kwakukulu pakati pawo. Pofuna kuchepetsa kuopsa kwa matenda amenewa, ndi bwino kuti katemera nkhuku.
Werengani komanso momwe mungachitire ndi kupewa matenda a nkhuku.
Nkhuku zikabadwa, nkofunika kuti katemera msanga nkhuku. Kwa matenda ena, masiku omwe analangizidwa kuti katemera ndi awa:
- chifukwa cha katemera wa katemera: Katemera amathandizidwa katatu: ali ndi zaka 15-20, 45-60 ndi 140-160;
- pa miyezi 4-5, katemera wa mliri woopsa;
- kuchokera ku salmonellosis inoculated mpaka masabata 16;
- kuchokera ku matenda opatsirana - mu miyezi 4-5.
Akangotha katemera, makanda amasamukira ku malo otentha popanda zida.Mukudziwa? Nkhuku zikhoza kulowa mu chikhalidwe cha hypnosis. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani mutu wa nkhuku padziko lapansi ndikuwongolera molunjika ndi choko, zomwe zimayambira pamlomo wa mbalameyi. Angathe kukhala mu galimoto kuchokera pamasekondi ochepa mpaka theka la ola, mpaka atasokonezedwa ndi chinachake kapena osatumizidwa kumalo ena.
Chikudya Chakudya
Nkhuku za Brahma Kurochatka mtundu umakula pang'onopang'ono, choncho ndikofunika kusankha zakudya zabwino ndikudyetsa mokwanira. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, nkofunika kukhazikitsa zakudya zamagetsi ndikuzigwiritsira ntchito maola ena. Kudyetsa anapiye masiku khumi oyambirira a moyo wawo kumachitika maola awiri alionse, kenako amasinthasintha pa chakudya maola atatu (kuchokera masiku 11 mpaka 45), ndipo nyama zinyama zimadyetsedwa ndi maola anayi. M'masiku oyambirira a moyo (masiku 3-7), chakudya cha ana chimaphatikizapo dzira wophika wophikidwa ndi phala wophika (mapira, chimanga), komanso kuwonjezera pa chipika, chophimba.
Kudya nkhuku kumakhala ndi udzu, makamaka nsonga. Ndibwino kuwonjezera masamba - tomato, kaloti, gramu, zukini. Kuyambira tsiku lachisanu la moyo, m'malo mwa mazira, nkhuku zimadyetsedwa ndi kanyumba tchizi, nyama yophika. Phukusi silinatchulidwe pa tsiku la 12, ndipo pulojekiti imatulutsidwa mmalo mwake. Zidzakhala zatsopano, popanda ziphuphu, pamtingo wa 30-40 g pa nkhuku. Phala losakanizidwa limachotsedwa pambuyo pa mphindi 40, monga chakudya chowonongeka chingayambitse poizoni ana. 
Pakapita nthawi, zakudya zamtengo wapatali zomwe zili ndi mavitamini ndi zakudya zina zimayambitsa zakudya. M'masitolo apadera mungagule chakudya chamtengo wapatali ndi zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana zothandiza. Koma akatswiri amalangiza kugula chakudya ndi zowonjezera payekha, ndipo pokhapokha pangani kusakaniza iwo, powona zofunikira. Nyama zinyama ziyenera kudyetsedwa ndi mapuloteni, koma zikafika miyezi isanu, kuchuluka kwake kukuyenera kuchepetsedwa, chifukwa kumathandiza kumanga minofu, ndipo mafupa sangathe kupirira kulumpha molemera.
Ndikofunikira! M'nyengo yozizira, kuchuluka kwa chakudya chiyenera kuwonjezeka ndi 10-15%, chifukwa m'nyengo yozizira mphamvu zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha thupi la mbalame.Ndikofunika kuwonjezera kuphukira tirigu kamodzi pa masiku asanu ndi awiri (7) tsiku lililonse - kumakhala ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa ntchito yofunikira ya thupi la nkhuku. Zimathandiza m'nyengo yozizira kuwonjezera mankhwalawa "Tetrahydrovit", yomwe ili ndi mavitamini ambiri a nkhuku. Pakadutsa masiku 51, anyamata angathe kupatsidwa mbewu zonse.
Mbalame Yaikulu ya Zakudya
Nkhuku za Brahma Kupatchataya ziweto zimakhala zolemera kwambiri, kotero zakudya zawo ziyenera kukhala zathanzi. Zakudya zowonjezera zakudya zimaphatikizapo calcium, mapuloteni, mavitamini ndi mafuta a nsomba. Pazinthu zolemetsazi, ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi minofu yabwino, mwinamwake mbalame idzagwa. Pofuna kupewa izi, zipolopolo za dzira zowonongeka, miyala ya shell, choko amawonjezeredwa ku zakudya. 
Zakudya za mtundu uwu zikuphatikizapo zotsatirazi:
- chakudya kuchokera ku mbewu za tirigu;
- chosokoneza chakudya;
- zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba (kaloti, kabichi, beets, zukini, etc.).
Ndikofunikira! Mtundu uwu uli ndi chilakolako chabwino ndipo umakhala wodzaza kunenepa kwambiri, kotero chakudyacho chiyenera kuwerengedweratu. Ngati cyanosis ikuwonekera pamatolo ndi mphete, ichi ndi chizindikiro cha matenda a mtima, chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa, kotero ndikofunikira kuchepetsa zakudya.Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti nthawi zonse mumakhala madzi abwino m'madzi a mbalame. Ndi mazira ozizira, ndi zofunika kuti muwotche pang'ono. Kumwa zakumwa ndi odyetsa ayenera kutsukidwa nthawi zonse ndikupewa matenda opatsirana pogonana pofuna kupewa matenda opatsirana.
Njira zowala ndi zamatenthe
Kuwala ndi matenthedwe ndizofunika kwambiri pakukula nkhuku. Pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa makanda, amafunikira kuwala kwa tsiku lonse. Ziyenera kukumbukira kuti nkhuku zatsopano zomwe zili pansi pa sabata limodzi, zimakhala zoopsa kuti zikhale pansi pa dzuwa. Koma pofuna kutenthetsa ndi kulandira kuwala iwo amaikidwa pansi pa nyali zapadera ndi miyendo yam'kati. Pa tsiku lachiwiri la moyo, kuyatsa kunachepetsedwa ndi ora limodzi. Pakadutsa masiku 14, ana ali kale ndi maola 8 okha. 
Chinthu chachiwiri chofunika polerera anapiye ndi kutentha. Masiku asanu oyambirira ayenera kukhala ofanana ndi 28-30 ° C, ndipo kuyambira masiku 6 mpaka 10 kutentha kumayenera kukhazikika mkati mwa + 26-28 ° C. Pambuyo pake, masiku asanu ndi awiri ayenera kukhala kuchepa kwa madigiri atatu.
Ali ndi zaka makumi anayi, nkhuku zimakhala zowonongeka ndi za ° ° ° C. Ngati chiri chilimwe kunja, ndiye patadutsa masiku asanu ndi awiri, ana angaphunzitsidwe kumsewu ndikutulutsidwa ku bwalo. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kuonetsetsa kuti dzira lopangidwa ndi nkhuku za mtundu umenewu, kuunikira mu chipinda ndilofunikira maola 13-14.
Phunzirani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito nyali yam'kati kuti muwotche nkhuku.
Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti kuwala kokwanira kumabwera kudzera m'mawindo, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira nthawi yowunikira yowonjezera ndi yofunika mothandizidwa ndi nyali. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa nkhuku zazikulu ndi 12-18 ° C. Ndalama za Brama Kuropatchataya mtundu ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yayikulu ndi yodzichepetsa ya nyama. Mbalamezi zimalola kuzizira, ndipo dzira lawo silinachepetsedwe ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira. Kuwonjezera apo, maonekedwe awo okongoletsera azikongoletsa bwalo lililonse.
