Yerusalemu artichoke, kapena dothi loumbika: mbewu yabwino komanso yathanzi popanda mtengo

Yerusalemu artichoke amatchedwa peyala loumbika, mobisa artichoke, muzu wokhala ndi dzuwa, babu, boulevard, mbatata yaku China ndi kanyenya. Amayerekezera ndi mbatata, mpendadzuwa komanso nthawi zina. Kodi mikhalidwe yosiyanayi ingaphatikizidwe bwanji mu chomera chimodzi? Kodi Yerusalemu atitchoku ndi chiyani kwenikweni ndipo akuyenera kuti awonetsetse wamaluwa?

Kufotokozera kwamasamba

Yerusalemu artichoke (kapena dongo) ndiwosakhazikika. Kunja, kumawoneka ngati mpendadzuwa, osachita pachabe kuti dzina lake lovomerezeka ndi Tuberous Sunflower. Koma machubu a ku Yerusalemu artichoke ndi zakudya. Amakhala ndi thupi lotsekemera kwambiri, lomwe limatikumbutsa kukoma kwa kabichi poker kapena ma turnips. Pansi pa chomera chimodzi pamatha kukhala 30 ma tubers osiyanasiyana olemera (makamaka 30 mpaka 100 g). Kutengera ndi mitundu, ali ndi mtundu wosiyana - kuchokera oyera mpaka ofiira.

Kutalika kwa mbewu kumathanso kukhala kosiyana - kuchokera pa 0.6 mpaka mamita 4. Izi sizimangotengera zamitundu mitundu, komanso pamikhalidwe yomwe ikukula. Mu chisa chimodzi, timabowo tokhazikika tating'onoting'ono timapangidwa ndi tsitsi lalifupi. Mizu ya artichoke imalowa pansi mu nthaka, imalekerera chisanu nthawi yachisanu ndi chilala. Mu malo amodzi, peyala ya dothi imatha kukula kwa zaka makumi angapo.

Zithunzi zojambula: mawonekedwe aku Yerusalemu artichoke

: Maluwa a artichoke a ku Yerusalemu amatengedwa m'mabasiketi okhala ndi mulifupi mwake masentimita 2-10

: Yerusalemu artichoke ali ndi mano okongoletsa, masamba a pubescent

: Yerusalemu artichoke amakonda kubzala mseru, motero, amafunika kubzala ndi kuwongolera pafupipafupi

: Yerusalemu artichoke tubers akhoza kusungidwa mwachindunji pansi, kukumba ngati kuli kofunikira

Mbiri pang'ono

Yerusalemu artichoke adayamba ulendo wake padziko lonse lapansi kuchokera ku North America bara. Apa adakula osati kuthengo, komanso adalimidwa ndi amwenye am'deralo.

Amakhulupirira kuti mtengowu udatenga dzina kuchokera ku dzina la fuko la amwenye aku Brazil a Tupinamba.

M'zaka za XVII, masamba adabwera ku England, kenako ku France. Chomera chinafalikira mwachangu ku Europe. Chifukwa chachonde komanso kupezeka, idagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuphika komanso kuweta ziweto. Pambuyo pa kuwonekera kwa mbatata, Yerusalemu artichoke adaperekanso malo ake otsogola, koma m'zaka za zana la 19 gourmets adapereka kutulutsa kwina kutchuka ku peyala ya dothi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito Yerusalemu artichoke

Magawo onse azomera amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Yerusalemu artichoke tubers ndi otchuka kuphika: amawotchera, kuwuma, zamzitini, kuwiritsa, ndikuwonjezera zosaphika ku saladi.

Wokazinga ku Yerusalemu artichoke amakonda ngati mbatata yokazinga

Kuchokera pamizu, masamba ndi maluwa, mutha kupanga tiyi kapena zipatso zosafunikira, kuchokera pazomerazo pofinya msuzi wokoma womwe umafanana ndi molasses.

Ku United States, peyala yodothi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga chakumwa cha khofi chofanana ndi chicory.

Mankhwala, zipatso za mapeyala zadothi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yolimbikitsira chitetezo cham'mimba, kuthandiza matumbo, kutsitsimutsa magazi, kuchotsa zinthu zapoizoni ndi mchere wazitsulo zambiri mthupi. Yerusalemu artichoke akulimbikitsidwa zakudya zakudya matenda monga colitis, kapamba, enteritis, kutsegula m'mimba, kutentha kwa mtima.

Makampani opanga mankhwala opanga mankhwala opanga mankhwala opanga mankhwala opangidwa ku Yerusalemu amapanga mankhwala ochokera ku Yerusalemu atch artoke

Yerusalemu artichoke watenga niche yake mu cosmetology komanso. Ili ndi mavitamini ambiri, ma acid opindulitsa ndi zinthu zina, chifukwa chake imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala achilengedwe osamalira khungu komanso tsitsi.

Shampoo yotsegulira ndi Yerusalemu artichoke imatsuka tsitsi ndikuyeretsa mawonekedwe ake

Alimi amalimi amasangalala ndi chikhalidwechi chifukwa cha maluwa ataliatali. Zitsamba ndi zitsamba za ku Yerusalemu artichoke zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya chambiri. Unyinji wobiriwira wa mbewuyo umasungunuka, zakudya zosakanizika zimapangidwa pamaziko ake, ndikugwiritsanso ntchito kudyetsa nyama zakuthengo m'mafamu osaka.

Nyama zonse zosavomerezeka zimakonda kudya zimayambira, masamba, masisitirini a ku Yerusalemu, ma bedi kapena zouma zouma

Yerusalemu artichoke akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chinthu chosangalatsa pakupanga mawonekedwe. Pogwiritsa ntchito linga kuchokera ku chomerachi, mutha kubisa malo osayang'ana bwino, ndikupanga khoma lokongoletsa, lalitali komanso lalitali lomwe lidzabwezeretsenso tsamba lanu mpaka chisanu, chitetezeni ku mphepo yozizira ya kumpoto ndikuthandizira kukwera mbewu.

Heedge waku Yerusalemu adzakuthandizani kukongoletsa malowa komanso mopanda mtengo

Ubwino ndi kuvulaza kwa Yerusalemu artichoke

Kugwiritsa ntchito kosiyanasiyana kwa Yerusalemu artichoke kumalumikizidwa ndi kupangidwa kwake ndi mankhwala. Ma tubers a masamba awa ali ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana: mapuloteni, chakudya, michere yathanzi, wowuma, mavitamini, macro- ndi ma microelements, mafuta ochepa ndi phulusa.

Zomera zomwe zimayambira zimatha kuvulaza anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lililonse, komanso kukokoka kwa zilonda zam'mimba, ndi matumbo komanso kutsekeka. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti masiku ano zamasamba sizothandiza kwenikweni, motero, mphamvu zake ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito peyala ya dothi pandalama zopatsa thanzi.

Kanema: zofunikira za Yerusalemu artichoke

Mitundu ndi mitundu

Padziko lapansi pali mitundu 300 ndi zakankhana za peyala zadothi. Ali ndi zikhalidwe zambiri zofanana, koma ndi osiyana m'magawo otsatirawa:

zokolola;
kuchuluka kwaobiriwira wobiriwira;
kukongoletsa;
mtundu ndi kukoma kwa tubers.

Zosiyanasiyana malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa ma tubers mpaka kuchuluka kwa zobiriwira zitha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu:

tubered, momwe unyinji wa mbewu zomwe zimakhala pafupifupi 45% yazokolola zonse;
silage. Amayang'aniridwa ndi unyinji wazomera, zomwe zimakhala pafupifupi 70%;
tuber-silage, ndi zipatso zabwino za mizu ndi zobiriwira zambiri.

Vuto lalikulu lomwe obereketsa akufuna kuyesa kukonza ndi kulima mitundu mosakhazikika m'mizu yomwe simatulutsa kwambiri ndipo satembenuza Yerusalemu artichoke kukhala udzu wosavunda. Pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yamadyetsedwe, amayesera kufikira kukula kwa tsinde ndipo, motero, amakulitsa zipatso zobiriwira za mbeuyo.

Asayansi adalumpha ku Yerusalemu artichoke ndi mpendadzuwa ndipo adayambitsa chomera chatsopano, chomwe chimatchedwa mpendadzuwa.

Makhalidwe abwino kwambiri opatsa thanzi, kupatsa kwabwino kwambiri komanso kusasamala kwenikweni kumapangitsa mpendadzuwa kusakhalapo m'malo opangidwira chakudya m'mafamu amateur

State Record of Kuswana Zopanga Zovomerezedwa Kuti Zigwiritsidwe Ntchito Ku Russia zikuphatikiza mitundu isanu ya mbewuyi.

Gome: Mitundu yayikulu ya Yerusalemu artichoke

Dera la grade	Chikhalidwe cha Bush	Makhalidwe a Tuber	Kucha nthawi	Zokolola zobiriwira	Tuber lochuluka
Chidwi	Wamphamvu, wowuma, pakati, wopindika.	Mizu yoyera yokhala ndi khungu losalala ndi maso okuya patali.	Mochedwa kucha	pafupifupi 430 kg / ha	zopitilira 260 kg / ha
Omsk yoyera	Tsinde lalikulu limakhala ndi kutalika kwakukulu (1.9-2.3 m) ndi makulidwe othinana, silikhala bwino ndi tsitsi losakhazikika, ndipo limadziwika ndi kutsika kwapakati.	Choyera, chopindika, chapakatikati kukula, cholemera 50 g.	Nyengo yapakati	n / a	pafupifupi 430 kg / ha; pafupifupi 1,2 kg / chitsamba
Pasko	Kukula kwapakatikati (0.9-1,5 m), kwamtunda kwambiri.	Choyera, chowonda, cholemera mpaka 80 g.	Mochedwa kucha	350 c / ha	300 c / ha
Kukhwima koyambirira	Tsinde ndi nthambi yabwino, zobiriwira ndi kupopera kwa anthocyanin.	Choyera, chozungulira ndi khungu losalala.	Oyambirira	268 kg / ha	250 c / ha
Dzuwa	Nthambi zamphamvu zolimbirana mpaka 2 m.	Choyera, chokhala ndi chowongolera, cholemera mpaka 60 g.	Nyengo yapakati	315 kg / ha	408 kg / ha

Zithunzi zojambulidwa: Mitundu ya Yerusalemu artichoke yomwe ilimidwe ku Russia

: Jerusalem artichoke Chidwi chikulimbikitsidwa kuti chiziwalidwa kum'mwera kwa dzikolo

: Mitundu yoyera ya Omsk ndiyoyenera kulimidwa ponseponse

: Pasko amatanthauza mitundu yamitundu yambiri

: Mitundu ya Skorospelka ndi yoyenera kukonzekera makina ndipo imalimbikitsidwa kuti izilimidwa m'chigawo chapakati

: Yerusalemu artichoke ali ndi zokolola zambiri - zoposa 400 kg / ha

Ndikosavuta kupeza zinthu zamtundu wa ku Yerusalemu artichoke, chifukwa chake, wamaluwa nthawi zambiri amagawana zobzalira wina ndi mzake, motero, amagawa mbewu zapaderadera.

Yerusalemu artichoke kuswana

Yerusalemu artichoke akhoza kufalitsa m'njira zingapo. Imeneyi yoyamba ndi yopanga zipatso, ndiye kuti, kufalitsa ndi ma tubers kapena mbali zawo. Kuti mbeu yabwino ikhale yabwino komanso yambiri, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mbeu yabwino.

Pobzala, tating'ono komanso ngakhale ma tubers amasankhidwa, pafupi kukula kwa dzira la nkhuku

Ngati ndi kotheka, magawikidwe a tubers adadulidwa kuti pagawo lililonse panali magawo awiri okukula. Kugawanitsa tirigu kumatheka kokha mukadzala chomera mu April. Mukabzala m'dzinja, kudula mitengo sikulimbikitsidwa.

Ndikusowa chodzala, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito maso a mbewu, pomwe mmera udakula kale.

Njira yakuberekera imagwiritsidwanso ntchito, ngakhale imakhala yovuta komanso yopweteka, imafunikira chidziwitso ndi kukonzekera, chifukwa chake sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, mukabzala mbewu ndi mbewu, muyenera kudikira nthawi yayitali. M'chaka choyamba, chomera chotsika chimatulutsa timabowo ting'onoting'ono, kokha mchaka chachiwiri chidzakula ndipo chizatha kusangalatsa mbewu.

Pakati pa Russia ndi madera akumpoto kwambiri, mbewu za ku artichoke sizipsa

Jerusalem artichoke mbewu zibzalidwe bwino m'miphika ndikukula chaka choyamba, ngati mbande. Chapakatikati, timachubu tating'onoting'ono timakumbidwa ndikugawika pansi.

Kufalitsa mbewu zamtundu wa Amateur kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pakulima mitundu yatsopano, yomwe mbewu zake zitha kugulidwa pa intaneti

Kunja kofikira

Yerusalemu artichoke ndi wonyozeka, ali ndi mphamvu zokulitsa. Ichi ndi chikhalidwe chokhalitsa, koma kuti mupeze mizu yapamwamba kwambiri, ndibwino kuti mukukula ngati chaka chilichonse.

Nthawi yayitali

Potseguka, chikhalidwecho chingabzalidwe m'dzinja ndi masika. Kukhazikika chisanachitike yozizira kumachitika milungu ingapo isanakhazikitsidwe nyengo yozizira, koma osadutsa zaka khumi zapitazi za Okutobala. Pobzala masika, muyenera kudikirira kutentha kwanyengo. Izi zimachitika kumapeto kwa Epulo kapena koyambirira kwa Meyi.

Ngati pali mbewa kapena timadontho tambiri pamalopo omwe amakonda kudya pa Yerusalemu artichoke, ndibwino kubzala mu nthawi ya masika kuti tizirombo tisawononge tubers nthawi yachisanu.

Kukonzekera dothi komanso kubzala

Chomera sichosankha za dothi ndi kuphatikiza chakudya chake. Imamveka bwino pafupifupi panthaka iliyonse kupatula kulemera kwambiri komanso mchere wambiri. Malo osavomerezeka pachikhalidwechi ndi malo osefukira. Apa mizu imatha kuvunda.

Chiwembucho chimakonzedweratu. Iyenera kukumba pamtunda wa fosholo, yozikika ndi zolengedwa (osachepera 0,5 ndowa pa 1 mita²) Yerusalemu artichoke tikulimbikitsidwa kuti ibzalidwe pambuyo pa zitsamba zapachaka, mbatata, nkhaka, kabichi, mbewu ndi nyemba. Zoyambilira zoyipa ndi kaloti ndi mpendadzuwa. Amakhalanso ndi tizirombo ndi matenda omwewo ndi dongo.

Pokonzekera malowa, ndikofunikira kulingalira kutalika kwa mtengowo komanso osawuyika pafupi ndi mbewu zina zamunda. Dera loterolo limatha kukhudza mbewu zina: Yerusalemu artichoke adzabisala. Mukatalikirana kwambiri ndi malo okhala ku Yerusalemu artichoke, mutha kudzala nyemba, anyezi, biringanya, radishes, kabichi. Kuyandikana ndi phwetekere, mbatata, parsley ndi udzu winawake ndizosayenera. Zomera zimamera bwino, koma zimakonda kubzala.

Malo abwino okulitsa peyala ya dothi ali pampanda, kumbali ya leeward.

Chomera chachitali chachikulu sichingotseka mpanda wokha, koma chimapatsa mbewu yothandiza, sichitha kubisa mbewu zina zam'munda, sizivuta kuyimangiriza

Zinthu zambewu ziyeneranso kukonzekereratu.

Sankhani ma tubers athanzi. Ayenera kukhala ocheperako kukula, popanda chizindikiro kuwonongeka kapena matenda.
Zilonda zokhala ndi dzira laling'ono la nkhuku zimasankhidwa kuti zibzalidwe
Ngati ma tubers atapendekeka pang'ono kapena kuwuma, amathiridwa ndi madzi ofunda ndikuwanyowa kwa nthawi yochepa (pafupifupi mphindi 10).
Kuti apewe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, timazira timadzaza mu njira yofiyira yakuda ya potaziyamu.
Maola awiri asanabzalidwe, tikulimbikitsidwa kupopera timizere ndi yankho la kukula kwa biostimulator (mwachitsanzo, Epin-owonjezera) kapena kuwiritsa kwa maola angapo mu njira ya Zircon. Chithandizo chotere chimayendetsa ntchito zoteteza chomera, chimawonjezera chitetezo chake komanso kukonzekera kuyanjana ndi malo ankhanza, imathandizira kukula kwa mphukira.

Momwe mungabzale ku Yerusalemu artichoke

Tikuchera ikuchitika motere:

Mizere yozama yozama pafupifupi masentimita 15 imapangidwa pazera lomwe lakonzedwa.
Mizu yake imayikidwa munkhokwe pamtunda wa pafupifupi 40 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.
Mukabzala, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale mtunda pakati pa mbewuzo, chifukwa topinambyp imatha kuwonongeka ndikuwononga.
Nthaka imasakanikirana ndi chakudya cham'mafupa ndipo miyala ikuphimbidwa ndi osakaniza, ndikupanga kokweza kakang'ono pamwamba pawo.
Zilowerere zochuluka.

Chisamaliro cha artichoke ku Yerusalemu

Kusamalira Yerusalemu artichoke ndi kokhazikika:

mbande zimasunthidwa ndikuonda, chifukwa timadzu ting'onoting'ono timamera m'makwalala;
kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokulira, namsongole amachotsedwa pafupi ndi mbewuzo ndikuthimitsa nthaka;
mbande ikamera ndi 25-30 masentimita, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzimatavula ndikupitiliza kuchita izi nthawi ndi nthawi. Kubzala kumathandizira kudzaza mizu ndi mpweya, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pakubwezeretsa mbewu komanso kukolola bwino;
Hook ku Yerusalemu artichoke kumapereka mbewu yabwino
kuti muwonjezere ma tubers ambiri ndikuwonjezera unyinji wawo mu Ogasiti, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse ena mwa masamba ndi maluwa. Mutha kudziletsa kuti muchepetse masamba. Potere, chitsamba chitha kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito michere popanga maluwa ndikupereka mphamvu zake zonse pakupanga ma rhizomes akulu komanso athanzi.

Kuthirira

Yerusalemu artichoke amatanthauza mbewu zomwe zimakhala ndi mizu yamphamvu ndipo zimadalira pang'ono pakusintha ndi mvula. Imakula bwino komanso imabala zipatso popanda kuthirira ndipo ikhoza kungokhutira ndi chinyezi chokha. Ngati zilipo, kuthirira kungathe kulinganiza nthawi yamvula yayikulu. Poterepa, kamodzi pakatha masiku 10, ndowa 1.5 zamadzi zimathiridwa pansi pa chomera chachikulu. Pa kutentha kwa mpweya pansi pa 15^zaNdi kuthirira Yerusalemu artichoke osavomerezeka.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Yerusalemu artichoke safuna kwambiri zovala zapamwamba zowonjezera. Koma kuti mupeze mbewu yabwino ya ma rhizomes kapena miyala yamtundu wokongola, gulitsani dothi ndikuwapatsa mbewuzo zakudya zina.

Gome: Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuvala zovala zapamwamba ku Yerusalemu artichoke

Nthawi	Feteleza	Norm ndi njira yotsatsira
Mukamakonza tsambalo	Manyowa ochulukirapo kapena manyowa	5 kg / 1 m²
Pambuyo kumera	Phulusa	Fumbi likamatera
Nthawi yodzala	Kulowetsedwa kobiriwira wa nettle kapena dandelion	Osachepera malita 5 a chomera wamkulu
Ndi kukula kwachikhalidwe	Nitrogen-phosphorous mineral complex (Ammophos)	Malinga ndi malangizo
Ngati chikhalidwe chakhala chikukula m'malo amodzi kwa zaka zingapo	Peat, phulusa lamatabwa ndi manyowa owola	Mulching mabowo ndi chisakanizo cha kasupe ndi yophukira

Mabasi garter

Zomera zazikulu za artichoke ku Yerusalemu, zomwe zimafikira 1 mita kapena kupitilira, nthawi zambiri zimamangidwa kuti chomera chake sichikuvutika ndi mphepo, chikuwoneka bwino kwambiri pamalopo. Ngati muli ndi tchire zingapo za Yerusalemu atitchoku ukukula, ndiye kuti mutha kuzimangiriza mosiyana. Kuti muchite izi, mtengo wowongoka umakhazikika pafupi ndi chomera chilichonse ndipo zimayimitsidwa zimamangiriridwa ndi chingwe kapena chingwe chofewa, makamaka m'malo angapo.

Kwa ma landings akuluakulu, ndikotheka kukonza zothandizira pazenera ndi waya, zitsulo kapena msewu wamatabwa.

Kuti muwonongeke ku Yerusalemu artichoke, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zakonzedwa zopangira tchire la zipatso

Kukula ku Yerusalemu artichoke kunyumba

Ngati mukufuna, pakufunika ku Yerusalemu, artichoke itha kubzala kunyumba. Ikani mu bokosi lalikulu kapena mumphika. Podzala chomera chimodzi, ndikofunikira kugawa thanki yakuya masentimita 40 ndi mainchesi omwewo. Kuyika ndi motere:

Pansi pa bokosilo panali matumba a njerwa zosweka, miyala yamiyala. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mchenga.
Kuperewera kwa ngalande kuphatikiza ndi kuthirira kosayenera ndi komwe kumayambitsa matenda aku Yerusalemu artichoke omwe adalimidwa kunyumba
Dothi labwino (lalitali masentimita 10) limathiridwa pansi. Ngati mukuchotsa dothi m'mundawo, onjezani humus ndi mchenga. Mutha kugula m'malo osungika apadera kuti mulime mbande kapena duwa.
Tuberi imayikidwa pansi ndikuthiriridwa ndi madzi.
Pambuyo pake, tuber imakutidwa ndi wosanjikiza masentimita 10.
Bokosilo limayikidwa pamalo otentha, nthaka nthawi ndi nthawi imathiriridwa.
Mbewu zikangoyamba, zimayamba kuwaza dothi mu thankiyo kuti pafupifupi 10 cm ya mbewuyo ikhale pamwamba. Kudzaza kumachitika mpaka thanki itadzaza kwathunthu.

Ngati dothi lachulukitsidwa, ndiye kuti palibe kuvala kwapamwamba komwe kumafunikira. Kudzakhala kofunikira kuti nthawi ndi nthawi muzithirira madzi ndikumasula nthaka. Tsopano zimangodikira kuti kucha kucha.

Mofananamo, mutha kudzala Yerusalemu artichoke mu mbiya kapena chidebe china ndikuyika poyera. Poterepa, simuyenera kuda nkhawa kuti mbewuyo idzagonjetsa dera lalikulu.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga tokhala mu Yerusalemu artichoke

Peyala yapadziko lapansi - chomera champhamvu, chodziwika ndi kukana kwathunthu matenda. Koma m'malo ovuta a nyengo ndi kuchuluka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ku Yerusalemu artichoke kumatha kudwala ndi zowola zoyera, powdery mildew ndi alternariosis. Tizilombo tina tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayambitsa chikhalidwechi ndi aulesi, chimbalangondo, komanso mphutsi za May kafadala ndi michere.

Gome: Yerusalemu artichoke matenda

Dzina la matenda	Zizindikiro	Zimayambitsa ndi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matendawa atukuke	Njira zopewera ndi kuchiza
Zola zowola	yankhungu, inamverera kuyanika pa tsinde; kufa mmera; zimayambira zazomera zazikulu zimaswa.	Kutentha kochepa kwambiri.	kuwononga mbewu zodwala; samalira kwambiri ukadaulo waulimi; Musabzale ku Yerusalemu atitchoku mpendadzuwa.
Alternariosis	mawanga pafupi ndi mitsempha ya tsamba; kuyanika petioles pamodzi ndi masamba.	Nyengo yotentha ndi mvula yambiri ndi mame.	Chithandizo cha Bravo, Abiga-peak (malinga ndi malangizo).
Powdery mildew	Chikwangwani choyera pamwamba pake.	kusintha kwamwadzidzidzi kutentha ndi chinyezi; nitrogen yambiri.	Kuchiza ndi fungicides Topaz, Koma, Topsin (malinga ndi malangizo).

Chithunzi chojambulidwa: Matenda a artichoke ku Yerusalemu

: Alternariosis imatha kuthira gawo lonse la mbewu

: Powdery mildew nthawi zambiri imakhudza mbewu mu theka lachiwiri la nthawi yakukula

: Ndi zowola zoyera, zimayambitsa matenda zimakutidwa ndi zophuka kuchokera mkati ndikuphukika

Gome: Yerusalemu atitchoku ndi tizilombo tochita ndi njira yochitira nawo

Tizilombo	Kuopsa kotani	Njira Zowongolera ndi Kupewa
Slug	Wowononga masamba, mphukira, masamba a chomera.	Kupalira kwakanthawi ndi kupatulira kwa ikamatera; kukopa kwa mbalame pakuwongolera tizilombo; kuyika kwa zopinga za tizirombo (njira za miyala ing'onoing'ono, mazira, zidutswa za zipolopolo) ndi misampha yapadera; vuto la kuchuluka - chithandizo cha Bingu (malingana ndi malangizo).
Medvedka	Kuwononga mbande, kuwononga mbewu.	kukumba kwakuya pansi; kuthira ndi madzi abwinobwino (10 g ya sopo yochapira ndi 50 g yotsuka ufa pa 10 l yamadzi) kapena ndi chisakanizo cha madzi ndi palafini (100 g pa 10 l yamadzi); kuyika misampha: zitini za madzi a uchi kapena mbatata yaiwisi; kufesa pafupi ndi mbewu zomwe chimbalangondo sichimalola: marigolds, coriander.
Chafer	mphutsi zimawononga mizu ya mbewu, pambuyo pake Yerusalemu artichoke akuyamba kufota popanda chifukwa; kachikumbu wamkulu amadya masamba ndi mphukira zazing'ono.	kulanda mokwanira; kusonkhanitsa kwa mphutsi; kukopa kutsamba la adani achilengedwe a tizilombo: nyenyezi ndi mbalame zina zosatetezeka; kukonza nthaka ndi korona zamitengo ndikukonzekera kwa Aktara, Decis, Profi (malinga ndi malangizo).
Wireworm (Nutcracker Beetle Larva)	Zowonongeka achinyamata zimayambira ndi ma tubers a ku Yerusalemu artichoke. Zomera zomwe zikukhudzidwa zimatsalira pakukula, zokolola zake zimachepa. Kudzera pakupanga, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amalowa muzu wazomera, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda oyamba ndi mabakiteriya.	kutsatira kasinthasintha wa mbeu; kukumba kwakuya pansi; kuchotsa zotsalira zatsamba pamalowo; kupalira kwakanthawi; mukabzala, onjezani anyezi kapena ufa wa mpiru pazitsime; kuthirira ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate pansi pa muzu (2 g pa 10 l ya madzi); mankhwala othandizira ndi Decis, Karate, Actellik, Fastak (malinga ndi malangizo).

Zithunzi zojambulidwa: Tizilombo ta ku Yerusalemu artichoke

: Kukula kuchokera pachomera kupita pamzake, slugs zimathandizira kufalikira kwa matenda osiyanasiyana fungus ndi ma virus pakati pa mbewu

: Mphutsi za Maybug zimakhala pansi kwambiri, ndipo mumatha kuziona pongokumbira nthaka

: Medvedka amakonda malo omwe nthaka ndi yonyowa komanso yachilengedwe.

: Mawayilesi amawononga mizu, mphukira zazing'ono, zimayambira

Kututa ndi kusunga

Kuti akhazikitse machubu a artichoke a ku Yerusalemu amafunika nthawi yayitali - miyezi inayi. Kuyeretsa patsogolo pasadakhale sikumveka: zidzakhala zazing'ono, zopanda pake. Mu theka loyambilira la nyundo yokha gawo lofunikira limayamba m'moyo wa chomera: timadziti timayamba kusuntha kuchokera ku thunthu kupita ku muzu, muzu wazomera umapeza kukoma ndi kutsekemera. Nthawi yoyenera kukolola ndi theka lachiwiri la Okutobala. Pakadali pano, mutha kukumba osati mbewu yonse, koma zochuluka monga momwe mumadyera nthawi yachisanu.

Chowonadi ndi chakuti ma tubers amatha kupulumuka nthawi yachisanu pansi. Ngakhale chisanu mpaka -40^zaSamuopa. Kuchulukitsa komwe mbewu ikufunira kuti nyengo yachisanu iziyenda bwino ndi kudula kwa mapesi ndi chivundikiro chochepa cha malowo ndi chipale chofewa kapena malo ena.

Ndikosavuta kusunga chomera cha Yerusalemu artichoke kwa nthawi yayitali chifukwa cha khungu loonda la tubers

Mu nthawi yamasika, nthaka ikayamba kuthira, mutha kuyamba gawo lachiwiri lokolola. Munthawi ya kuperewera kwa mavitamini am'mawa, mbewu zofunikira komanso zopatsa thanzi zimakhala zothandiza kwambiri. Yerusalemu artichoke, nthawi yozizira m'munda, umakhala wofewa, wowoneka bwino komanso wokoma kuposa mnzake womaliza.

Vuto lalikulu mukachoka ku Yerusalemu artichoke nthawi yachisanu mu nthaka ndi mbewa ndi makoswe akukhala pansi. Zitha kuyambitsa zovuta ku tubers ndikukusiyani osagawo lamasika.

Yerusalemu artichoke tubers kukumba ngati mbatata: ndi fosholo kapena pitchfork

Kukula tubers zouma, kenako. Zachikulu komanso zazikulu kwambiri zimasungidwa, ndipo zazing'ono zimaphika, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuzizira komanso ntchito zopangidwa ndi nyumba.

Pokonzekera dzungu ndi Yerusalemu artichoke mphindi zisanu muyenera kutenga 1 kg ya dzungu, 1 makilogalamu a ku Yerusalemu artichoke, 1 ndimu ndi 1 chikho cha shuga

Chuma chatsopano cha ku Yerusalemu chitha kusungidwa motere:

m'mapewa;
mu dothi lonyowa ndi linga nthambi. Yerusalemu artichoke amayikidwa muzombo zing'onozing'ono, zomwe zimayikidwa pansi pa ngalande yokonzedwa. Kenako amaphimbidwa ndi dothi ndipo amaphimbidwa ndi nthambi za mizere yazipatso, udzu kapena zinthu zounikira;
chapansipansi kapena cellar. Zojambula za ku Yerusalemu zimayikidwa m'mabokosi amatabwa, owazidwa ndi mchenga kapena kuyikidwa ndi moss. Ngati kutentha kwamawonedwe (1-4^zaC) ndi chinyezi cha mpweya (zosaposa 90%), timatumba timatetezedwa kuti tisayanike;
khonde kapena loggia. Apa tubers timasungidwamo mumiyala ndi mchenga. Zomera zazitali sizikuopa kuzizira pang'ono ndipo zidzatha kukhalabe ndi thanzi komanso malonda kwa miyezi iwiri;
m'bokosi lamasamba la firiji. Zomera zomwe zimatsukidwa ndikufalikira m'matumba osindikizidwa zitha kusungidwa mufiriji kwa masabata awiri.

Kanema: momwe angakulire Yerusalemu artichoke ndi momwe imathandizira

Ndemanga za olima masamba

Ndimakonda Yerusalemu artichoke. Chomera chokongoletsera ndi chakudya. Monga m'mbali mwa mipanda - mu Julayi khoma limakwera, ndipo ngati ukala - nkhalango!
gorlov
//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/99554/

My artichoke wa ku Yerusalemu amakula m'malire. 3 mu 1: hedge, malezala abwino ndi tops mumulu wa kompositi. Wopambana osaneneka.
Zyf76
//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/99554/page-3

Zowonadi, ku Yerusalemu artichoke (kapena dothi loumbika) ndibwino kuti tisakumbe lonse. Chimalekerera chisanu bwino. Sikuti aliyense amadziwa zopindulitsa zake. Ndipo ndiye wothandizira woyamba wa odwala matenda ashuga, amachotsa shuga mthupi. Pa grater angapo ang'onoang'ono tubers ndi saladi tsiku lililonse ndi mankhwala abwino kwambiri!
Albertik01
//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/99554/page-4

Yerusalemu artichoke ndi chomera chapadera. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwathunthu popanda kuwononga. Maluwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga tiyi. Udzuwo ukhoza kuswedwa ndikusambitsidwa mu malo osambira; umathandizira ndi osteochondrosis ndikuyika mchere. Tubers amachepetsa shuga mu shuga. Choyipa ndichakuti tubers samasungidwa bwino, kutaya chinyezi mwachangu. Chifukwa chake, gawo la tubers liyenera kukumbidwa mu kugwa, ndikugawana nawo masika. Chapakatikati amakhala osalala. Kuti Yerusalemu artichoke asakule, muyenera kuwabzala ngati mbatata kasupe, kukumba kapena kumuika m'dzinja. Chifukwa mbewuyo ndi yayitali, mutha kuwabzala ngati mpanda, bwino kuchokera kumbali yakumpoto. Ndikudziwa kuti khofi amapangidwa kuchokera ku Yerusalemu artichoke, koma sindinayesere tokha, timadya m'masaladi, kuwonjezera pakukonzekera, ndi stew ndi masamba ena.
ptat2007
//indasad.ru/forum/62-ogorod/1485-topinambur-na-ogorode?start=10

Ndipo ndimakondanso kukoma kwake. Mwatsopano komanso yowutsa mudyo. Zowona, ziribe kanthu kuti zingamveke zachilendo bwanji, ndimakonda kugula izo ndipo sindikufuna kuzibzala. Kungoti tidabzala, tidakumana ndi vuto lalikulu. Ndidakumana naye kwa zaka zingapo. Sanachite bwino kukumba kotheratu. Zikuwoneka kuti kugwa munthu aliyense anali kukumba ndikusankha, ndipo pofika masika, mzinda wa ku Yerusalemu artichoke unayamba kulowa m'dzikolo mwamphamvu.

irin_z
//indasad.ru/forum/62-ogorod/1485-topinambur-na-ogorode?start=10

Artichoke onunkhira komanso wathanzi ku Yerusalemu atha kubzalidwa popanda ndalama zambiri komanso khama. Bzalani Yerusalemu artichoke ndipo mutha kumva kukoma kosangalatsa, kulimbitsa chitetezo chanu, chonde okondedwa anu omwe ali ndi tchipisi ndi zakudya kuchokera ku chomera chodabwitsachi.