Pafupifupi mlimi aliyense akudziwa za kufunikira kwa kusungirako dzira kusanayambe. Njirayi ndi yofunika kuti mupeze ndalama zokwanira zamakina. Pambuyo pake, mu timagulu ting'onoting'ono kuti tiyiike mu chofungatira sizothandiza konse. Inde, ndipo akatswiri ena amanena kuti peresenti ya nkhuku za hatchability ikuwonjezeka, ngati mazira alowa mu chofungatira masiku angapo chiwonongeko chitatha. Choncho, zimathandiza kudziŵa zambiri za kusungidwa kwa zinthuzo zisanati ziyike mu chofungatira.
Ndi mazira ati omwe amafunikira makulitsidwe
Nestlings sali obadwa ndi mazira onse. Kuti musalephere kutumiza chinthu chosagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira makulitsidwe, m'pofunika kuti mudziwe bwino malamulo osankhidwa a zakulangizidwe. 
Choyamba muyenera kukonza nkhaniyo ndi kusankha kukula koyenera. Cholinga chokhala mu chofungatira chimaonedwa kuti ndi nkhuku mazira olemera 52-65 g, bakha ndi Turkey - 75-95 g, tsekwe - 120-200 g, mbalame yamphongo - 38-50 g, zinziri - 10-14 g, nthiwati - 1300-1700 Fomu yosafunikira.
Mukudziwa? Dzira lalikulu kwambiri lomwe linayikidwa nkhuku ku dera la Grodno ku Belarus. Iyo inkalemera 160 g.
Pakati pazomwe, kupopera kwambiri, oblate ndi tapered sizili zoyenera makulitsidwe.
Kusankha mazira ndi kukula ndi mawonekedwe, muyenera kufufuza momwe chipolopolocho chilili. Iyenera kukhala yosalala ndi yosalala. Kupumphuka, kuphulika, ming'alu, zikopa, kupatulira / makulidwe, kukula, madontho ndi dothi silovomerezeka.
Ngati palibe zolakwika zakunja zikupezeka, pitirizani kufufuza zomwe zili. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito ovoskopov. Chizindikirocho chimasonyeza bwino malo a yolk, albumen, malo a chipinda cham'mlengalenga.
Phunzirani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito ovoskopirovat mazira musanayambe kukhala mu chofungatira ndipo ngati mungathe kupanga ovoskop ndi manja anu.
Kawirikawiri, yolk ili pakati, pang'onopang'ono kusunthira pamapeto omveka bwino. Zokwanira zake ndi yunifolomu, popanda inclusions, amadetsa. Mtundu - wakuda chikasu. Ngati dzira lili pamalo osasinthasintha, ndiye kuti yolk idzasintha pang'ono mozungulira (sizimakhudza chipolopolo) ndipo idzatenganso malo ake oyambirira. Mapuloteni ayenera kukhala okonzeka. 
Mazira Ovoscopic Chipinda cham'mlengalenga chili pamapeto omveka bwino ndipo chili ndi malire omveka bwino. Kusiyanitsa pang'ono kumbali kumaloledwa. Miyeso yeniyeni ya chipinda: m'mimba mwake - mpaka 15 mm, makulidwe - mpaka 2 mm. Mukasinthasintha, kamera isasinthe malo ake.
Kanizani mazira:
- ndi awiri yolks;
- ndi mapuloteni osakaniza ndi yolk (homogeneous mu lumen);
- ndi zamagazi ndi magazi;
- ndi mdima wakuda;
- ndi yolk yokhazikika ku chipolopolo.
Phunzirani momwe mungasankhire mazira apamwamba opangira makulitsidwe.
Sungani moyo
Mazira atsopano okha ndi oyenera makulitsidwe. Iwo ali ndi mitengo yapamwamba kwambiri ya anapiye a nkhuku. Choncho, ndikofunika kwambiri kuti mankhwalawa asungidwe asanayambe kusungunuka. 
Kutsimikiziridwa
Mafilimu abwino (masiku):
- nkhuku - mpaka 5-6;
- tsekwe - mpaka 10-12;
- abakha - mpaka 8-10;
- nkhumba mbalame - mpaka 8;
- zinziri - mpaka 5-7;
- Turkey - mpaka 5-6;
- Nthiwati - mpaka 7.
Ndikofunikira! Pa nthawi yosungirako, kubala kwa nkhuku ndipamwamba kwambiri. Tsiku lirilonse lotsatira lichepetsa kuchepa kwa mwana wosabadwayo ndi 1%.
Maulendo aakulu a alumali
Sizingatheke kuti amaika mazira mu chofungatira pa nthawi. Choncho, m'pofunika kudziwa nthawi yayitali chitsimikizo cha kusungiramo kamwana kamakhala kotheka. Pafupipafupi, akhoza kupulumutsidwa mpaka masiku 15-20. Koma izi n'zotheka kokha pazifukwa zina: Kutentha kwa nthawi ndi nthawi kapenanso kusunga chipinda cha ozoni. 
Mmene mungasungire dzira loswa: zofunikira
Chinthu chofunika kwambiri, posunga makina opangira makina, ndikuteteza kutentha ndi kutentha kwa mlengalenga panthawi inayake. Pa mitundu iliyonse, zizindikiro izi ndizokha:
- nkhuku: kutentha - + 8-12 ° С, chinyezi - 75-80%;
- tsekwe: kutentha - + 12-15 ° С, chinyezi - 78-80%;
- bakha: kutentha - + 15-18 ° С, chinyezi - 78-80%;
- mbalame: kutentha - + 8-12 ° С, chinyezi - 80-85%;
- zinziri: kutentha - + 12-13 ° С, chinyezi - 60-80%;
- turkey: kutentha - + 15-18 ° С, chinyezi - 75-80%;
- Nthiwati: kutentha - + 16-18 ° С, chinyezi - 75-80%.
Monga momwe mukuonera, pafupifupi mulingo woyenera kwambiri wosungirako kutentha - 8-12 ° C, ndi chinyezi - 75-80%.
Mukudziwa? Nambala yochulukirapo ya yolks mu dzira lomwe lakumanapo - zisanu ndi zinayi.
Malo omwe mazira adzawasungiramo ayenera kukhala ndi zipangizo (makamaka osati chimodzi). Iyenera kukhala ndi mpweya wokwanira komanso mpweya wabwino, chifukwa zofukiza zimalowa mopyola mu chipolopolocho. Zojambulazo sizilandiridwa, chifukwa zimapangitsa kuti madzi asapitirize kutuluka mumlengalenga. 
M'kati mwake ndi bwino kukhazikitsa mapeyala omwe mabokosi omwe ali ndi makina opangira makina adzaikidwa. Ndibwino kuti mutseke mabokosi mumaselo pogwiritsa ntchito mbale zochepa kapena makatoni. Kukula kwa selo kumayenera kufanana ndi kukula kwa dzira. Angagwiritsidwe ntchito kusungira makalletti a makatoni omwe mankhwalawa amagulitsidwa m'masitolo.
Werengani za kuwongolera nkhuku, Turkey, bakha, mazira a mazira.
M'maselo a makina opangira makina ayenera kuikidwa ndi mapeto aakulu kapena osakanikirana.
Ndi kusungirako kwa nthawi yaitali mukufunikira:
- kutenthetsa makina opangira mavitamini masiku asanu ndi awiri kwa maola asanu, kubwereranso ku chikhalidwe mutatha kutenthedwa;
- ikani mankhwala mu polyethylene wodzazidwa ndi nayitrogeni;
- onetsetsani ozonizer yosungirako ndikusunga ma ozoni pa mlingo wa 2-3 mg pa mita imodzi.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kusungirako mazira nthawi yayitali ayenera kuyendayenda nthawi zonse kuti yolk isamangidwe.
Kodi ndingateteze dzira langa lophwanyidwa m'firiji
N'zotheka kusunga firiji pokhapokha ngati muli ndi mwayi wopanga zinthu zotsatirazi:
- kutentha - pansipa + 8 ° С;
- chinyezi - osachepera 75%, koma osaposa 85%;
- bwino mpweya wabwino.
Ndizosatheka kusunga dzira losakaniza m'firiji popanda zinthu zoyenera. Kuchokera pamwambapa tingathe kuganiza kuti ndondomeko ya makulitsidweyo iyenera kuyambitsidwa mwamsanga, popeza kusungirako nthawi yayitali kumavulaza mwanayo. Ngakhale nkhuku ingabadwire patatha nthawi yayitali, palibe chitsimikizo chakuti sangakhale ndi zolepheretsa kukula, mavuto azaumoyo ndipo adzatha kukhala mbalame yaikulu.
Video: Kusungiramo mazira omwe amawathira
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