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Nkhunda zazikulu: zozizwitsa za kusunga pakhomo

Mbalame zokongola kwambiri, kupirira ndi kuthawa kwa mbalame zamtundu uwu sizingatheke koma zimadodometsa osati pakati pa oweta nkhumba okha, komanso pakati pa okonda kukongola muzisonyezo zonsezi. Nkhunda za Volsky zimayenera kudziwa zambiri za iwo.

Mbiri yakale

Monga mtundu wosiyana, nkhunda zimenezi zadziwika kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1900. Anachotsedwa mumzinda wa Russia wa Volsk, umene unawapatsa dzina. Mitundu ya nkhunda zazikuluzikuluzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga:

  • grivchiki;
  • Mkaka wabuluu kapena buluu;
  • Kamyshin.
Ngakhale kuti zaka zoposa 100 zapitazo, nthanga izi zimatengedwa kukhala achinyamata.

Maonekedwe ndi thupi

Pamodzi ndi oimira mitundu ina iliyonse, nkhunda za Volsky zili ndi zizindikiro zawo:

  • mtundu akhoza kuimiridwa mu imvi, yakuda, ya buluu, yofiira, ya shades;
  • kutalika kwa thupi - 35-40 cm;
  • mapiko - Kutalika, pafupi kugwira pansi, kumagwa pansi pa mchira;
  • mchira - 15-22 masentimita m'litali, malo ophwanyika, okwera pamtunda wa madigiri 35-40, ali ndi nthenga 16 zazikulu;
  • mutu - mawonekedwe ndi oblongera, ofewa, ozungulira;
  • maso - kukula kwakukulu, mdima;
  • mulomo - kutalika kwautali, kuwala kwa beige, molunjika;
  • manda - kuwala, kakang'ono kukula, ufa;
  • khosi - msinkhu wautali ndi chidzalo, wandiweyani;
  • paws - yaifupi, yamphongo, kutalika kwa cosm - 3-6 masentimita.

Kuthamanga kwa ndege

Mtundu uwu ndi wamtengo wapatali pa makhalidwe ake oyendetsa ndege, kuphatikizapo:

  • Kutalika kwa nthawi yaitali (pafupifupi maola 6-7) - katundu woterewa amatenga mphamvu ndi chipiriro cha nkhunda;
  • malo abwino mu danga ndi malo;
  • luso louluka mu mizere;
  • luso lochita ziwerengero "aerobatics" (kugwa);
  • kuthawa pamwamba ndi otsika;
  • kukumbukira bwino - ngakhale nkhunda idafika patali (mpaka 10 km), amakumbukira malo ake okhala ndipo nthawi zonse adzabwerera kwawo.

Talingalirani mitundu yofala kwambiri ya nkhunda zothamanga: Iran, Chiroma, Chiwonetsero cha German, Hungarian, hryvnia ndi kasan.

Zomwe amangidwa

Makhalidwe apadera a mbalame za mtundu umenewu ndizosavuta kuzisunga.

Dovecote

Choyamba, njiwa zimafuna "nyumba" - dovecote. Zomwe zimakhala zofunika pamoyo wabwino wa mbalame ziyenera kukhala izi:

  • kutalika kotere: pafupifupi mamita 2 (akhoza kukhala otsika pang'ono ndi apamwamba);
  • kukula kwa khomo: kutalika - 1.5 mamita, m'lifupi - 50-60 cm;
  • kukula kwawindo: dera lawo liyenera kukhala gawo la magawo khumi la pansi, liyenera kuikidwa kumbali yakumwera kapena kum'mwera;
  • kukula kwa zaka (ndibwino kukhala ndi ziwiri): kutalika - 15-25 masentimita, m'lifupi - 10-25 masentimita.

Zina ndizofunikira pakuzala ndikukula nkhunda. Werengani malangizowo ndi ndondomeko zomanga dovecote.

Kuti mumve mosavuta, m'pofunikira kugawa dovecot m'magulu angapo:

  • chinthu chimodzi - kwa ana a nkhunda;
  • awiri - kulekanitsa akazi ndi amuna m'nyengo yozizira;
  • chinthu chimodzi - kusungirako chakudya ndi zipangizo zam'nyumba.
M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwa dovecote sikuyenera kugwa m'munsimu + 4-7 ° С, m'chilimwe - musapite pamwamba +20 ° С.

Dzidziwitse nokha ndi zinthu zonse zosunga nkhunda zapakhomo, komanso kuwerenga za kusunga nkhunda m'nyengo yozizira.

Chipinda chiyenera kukhala mpweya wokwanira, koma popanda ma drafts. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupanga dzenje limodzi pamtunda wa masentimita 10-15 kuchokera pansi ndikuphimba ndi grill. Ikani yachiwiri (kutentha) pamwamba pa yoyamba (pakhoma kapena padenga) komanso kuikiranso ndi gridi. M'nyengo yozizira, mabowo onse anatseka.

Pofuna kupewa zojambulajambula, mawindo sayenera kuikidwa pamapiri ozungulira a dovecot.

Zovuta

Ndikofunika kupereka malo osiyana pa nkhunda iliyonse. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka pokonza nkhunda za Volsky, mapiko ake omwe amatsitsa kwambiri amakhala odetsedwa, zomwe zingachititse kuti mafundewa asokonezeke. Zowona zimapangidwa ndi mipiringidzo. Chiŵerengero chawo chiyenera kukhala 2-5 masentimita. Amaimitsidwa pamtunda wa 25-45 cm kuchokera padenga. Kuphatikiza pa mipiringidzo ya mapepala omwe anapanga mabumpers omwe amamangiriridwa ku khoma. Matenda a Reiki ayenera kukhala 2-3 masentimita.

Chisa

Kwa kuswana ana ayenera kupereka wapadera maalumali ndi zisa. Mapulani a mapuritsiwa ndi 30-40 masentimita, kutalika - 70-85 masentimita. Cholinga chomwecho n'zotheka kupanga mabokosi a kukula kwake. Iwo ali pamwamba pa wina ndi mzake mu tiers. Pakhoza kukhala angapo oterewa.

Gwirizanani, chimodzi mwa zikuluzikuluzikulu za njiwa zoyenera kubereka ndizokhazikitsidwa ndi zisa zawo.

Manger

Njira zothandiza komanso zotchuka kwa odyetsa - matabwa kapena pulasitiki. Zonse ziwiri zingathe kugulitsidwa pamasitolo a pet, ndipo mukhoza kuchita nokha. Kuti wothandizira apange ntchito zake zofunika, m'pofunika kusunga zinthu zingapo zosavuta:

  • wodyetsa ayenera kutsekedwa kuti asatengere kusamba kwa mbewu ndi ingress ya zinyalala, mvula kapena chisanu mkati mwake;
  • chiphalala chikufunika - kotero kuti chakudya sichitha pansi kapena pansi
  • Nkhunda ziyenera kukhala ndi mwayi wopeza chakudya, koma kuti asalowe muzitsulo zake;
  • wodyetsa ayenera kukhala wosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kusunga;
  • Miyeso yeniyeni: kutalika - 70 cm, m'lifupi - 25 cm, kuya - masentimita 8.

Kumwa mbale

Chombo chakumwa chingakhale chosiyana kapena gawo la chakudya. Mutha kuzipanga kuchokera ku botolo la pulasitiki, chitsulo chosungunuka.

Ndikofunikira! Chikhalidwe chachikulu ndi kuya kwakumwa - ziyenera kukhala masentimita 8.

Ngati sizitha, nkhunda zidzasambira mmenemo, ndipo osamwa madzi. Kuzama ndi kofunikanso chifukwa chake mukamamwa mbalame, mumamangiriza mutu wanu m'madzi m'malo mozama. Kutalika ndi m'lifupi kwa womwa mowawo ndizomwe amatsutsa.

Simungasiye ana a nkhunda popanda chidwi - kuchokera kutentha kapena osadziwa malo omwe amamwa mowa, akhoza kufa basi. Choncho, mumayenera kuika m'manja mwa njiwa yotere ndikupita nayo kumalo osamwa.

Chida

Malondawa akhoza kukhala ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zomwe zikuphatikiza zofunikira zina. Ziyenera kukhala:

  • chokhazikika;
  • wandiweyani;
  • kutentha
  • chinyezi (musadutse kapena kutenge chinyontho);
  • zosavuta kuyeretsa ndi kusamba;
  • Amafuna malo otsetsereka kwa khoma lakunja lopanda chinyezi.

Mukudziwa? Nkhunda za nkhunda pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse inamva mauthenga pafupifupi 15,000, ndipo 2% yokha ya iwo sanaperekedwe kwa omvera.

Pali njira zingapo zokhala pansi pa dovecote:

  1. Zigawo za linoleum zomwe zaikidwa plywood. Zimakhala zosavuta kuyeretsa, sizikhala pansi pa chinyezi, zimasintha komanso zimasintha ngakhale nthawi yozizira kwambiri ya chaka, sizikusowa kuwaza ndi utuchi kapena mchenga.
  2. Konkire, yomwe imayambidwa ndi utuchi pamwambapo ndi yokutidwa ndi gridi. Madontho akugwa, ndipo nkhunda zimakhala zoyera. Kuyeretsa, ndikwanira kukweza kabati ndikukweza utuchi.
  3. Mchenga kapena osakaniza ndi phulusa ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yokonzekera pansi mu dovecote, pogwiritsira ntchito jekeseni wotsalira, ndikokwanira kuthana ndi zinyalala. Koma iyi ndi njira yokwera mtengo kwambiri - mchenga ayenera kukhala osachepera 5 masentimita ndipo ayenera kuthiridwa nthawi zonse.

Pigeon nyumba kuyeretsa ndi disinfection

Kuyeretsa kwa nyumba ya njiwa kukuchitika tsiku ndi tsiku, mozama - nthawi zonse masiku 5-7.

  1. Kuyeretsa kuyenera kukhala zipangizo zamapadera. (masamba ang'onoang'ono, obzalidwa ndi timitengo yaitali), chifukwa amachitika ndi dzanja.
  2. Chinthu choyambacho chinachotsa zinyalala, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ndi matenda a ziweto, popeza imanyamula mazira ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'mimba, salmonella ndi coccidiosis. Makamaka zimayenera kuonetsetsa ukhondo wa zisa, momwe muli anapiye a 2-4-week-old. Ana amatha kutulutsa zinyalala zambiri, choncho ndi bwino kuyika pepala, nyuzipepala, burlap kapena utuchi pansi pa zisa, zomwe zimafunika kuti zitheke.
  3. Chikhocho chiyenera kutsukidwa nthawi zonse ndi fumbi ndi zinyalala zomwe zalowa mmenemo, Zakudya zimasowa tsiku ndi tsiku.
  4. M'nyengo yotentha, mbale yothira iyenera kutsukidwa ndi madzi, kutsuka tsiku ndi tsiku. Ndiyeneranso kuonetsetsa kuti nthawi zonse imakhala ndi madzi abwino. Kamodzi pa sabata zimayenera kutsuka bwino ndikuyeretsa odyetsa ndi omwa madzi ndi madzi otentha osakanizidwa ndi soda (1 tbsp Per bucket of water).
  5. Kuyeretsa kwakukulu mu dovecote kumachitika 2 pachaka. Ndi bwino kuchita izi panthawi yochepa - kugwa kapena kasupe. Pa nthawi ino, zonse zikuluzikulu za nyumba ya nkhunda zimatsukidwa bwino, odyetsa ndi oledzera amachotsedwa. Kusamba, mungagwiritse ntchito "Whiteness" kapena "Domestos". Makomawo ali ndi tsache, pansi imatsukidwa. Mkati mwali ndi laimu woyera. Zimatengera pafupifupi maola 2-3 kuti uume chipinda. Nkhunda pa nthawiyi zinachotsedwa ku "nyumba" yawo.
Ponena za kuperewera kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuti tipewe kumapeto kwa milungu iwiri iliyonse. Chokhacho ndizochitika pamene kuli kofunikira kuzimitsa kapena kuteteza kuphulika kwa matenda opatsirana - ndiye ntchito izi zikuchitika kunja kwa ndondomeko yachizolowezi. Disinfection ikuphatikizapo magawo awiri:

  • yonyowa
  • aerosol.

Ndikofunikira! Zisamba ndi zowomba ziyenera kupezeka kuti nkhunda zisamadetsane.

Gawo loyamba limaphatikizapo kuchiza malowa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, omwe amadzipukutira m'madzi otentha. Formalin, caustic soda ndi kloramine amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu izi.

Pachigawo chachiwiri, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mankhwala osakaniza tizilombo amaikidwa mu mbale ya enamel, yodzazidwa ndi madzi otentha. Mpweya, womwe unapangidwa chifukwa cha mankhwala, umafika kumalo onse a nyumba ya nkhunda ndipo, kumachita kwa ola limodzi, umachotsa. Kukonzekera kwa osakaniza omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

  • formalin - 45 g;
  • potaziyamu permanganate - 30 g;
  • madzi - 20 g
Mbalame zomwe zimakhalapo nthawi yoyera zimachotsedwa pamalo. Pambuyo pa disinfection, dovecote ndi mpweya wokwanira kwa ola limodzi. Pambuyo pake, kuvomereza mbalame n'zotheka.

Komabe, mukhoza kusokoneza ziweto. Mwa njira zosavuta zowononga - kusamba, komwe kumachitika mlungu uliwonse. 1 ml ya formalin yowonjezera madzi (pa 10 l).

Mukudziwa? Nkhunda ndi okhulupilika komanso okhulupilika - amasankha banja limodzi komanso kwa moyo wawo wonse.

Kusamba kukula:

  • kutalika - 90-100 cm;
  • m'lifupi - 60-70 cm;
  • kuya - masentimita 20.

Zimene mungadye

Maziko a chakudya cha njiwa ndi tirigu:

  • tirigu;
  • chimanga;
  • balere;
  • mapira;
  • mapira;
  • nyemba zouma, nyemba, mphodza, nyemba;
  • mbewu za mpendadzuwa.

Kuti kukula kwa nkhunda kukhale koyenera, kudya zakudya zoyenera. Werengani za kudyetsa nkhunda zapakhomo.

Mu menyu ya ziweto, kupatula tirigu, mukhoza kuphatikizapo:

  • mbatata yophika;
  • phemba yophika;
  • kaloti wothira kapena yophika;
  • kabichi.
Monga vitamini yowonjezera yowonjezera amapereka:

  • sorelo;
  • clover;
  • ziphuphu;
  • kabichi;
  • alfalfa;
  • rapese;
  • sipinachi;
  • udzu wobiriwira.

Ndikofunikira! Pa mitundu ya ndege, nkhunda ziyenera kukhala pamtunda wa mamita 1-1.5.

Musamachite popanda mchere:

  • chigoba cha dzira;
  • wosweka;
  • nthaka yamakala;
  • njerwa yamoto yofiira;
  • mchere (20 mg pa madzi okwanira 1 litre).
Nthawi zambiri kudyetsa kumadalira nyengo. M'chilimwe, chakudya chimakhala champhamvu kwambiri; chakudya chimaperekedwa kwa mbalame katatu patsiku. Ndipo madzulo kudya ndikoyenera. M'nyengo yozizira amadyetsa kawiri m'mawa (maola 8-9) ndi madzulo (maola 19-20). Nkhunda zodyetsa anapiye zimalandira zakudya zowonjezera. Kudyetsa koyamba kumachitika 4-5 m'mawa, wachiwiri - pa 12-13, madzulo - pa maora 20-21.

Pali mndandanda wa zinthu zomwe siziyenera kuperekedwa kwa ziweto:

  • rye;
  • mkate (makamaka wakuda);
  • nyama ndi mankhwala;
  • mkaka;
  • nsomba;
  • tchizi;
  • maswiti (maswiti, marmalade, chokoleti);
  • mafuta;
  • zinthu zonse kuchokera pa tebulo laumunthu.

Zovomerezeka ndi Zosavomerezeka

Musanayambe kupeza zinyama, muyenera kudziŵa bwino zomwe zimachitika pa mtunduwu, kuti mudziwe mbali zake zosiyana, kuti musapeze njiwa ya "nkhunda". Kuipa kovomerezeka kwa nkhunda ndi:

  • kusowa kwa "shaggy" paws;
  • kusiyana kochepa pakati pa plumage pattern;
  • Mlomo wandiweyani kuposa momwe tafotokozera muyezo wa mtundu;
  • Nthenga zopanda mchira ndi mapiko.
Zosafunika ndi:

  • kujambula ndi mtundu wa nthenga zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi muyezo;
  • mdima wamdima kwambiri:
  • Nthenga ndi misala zazikulu kwambiri;
  • nsonga za mapiko omwe samakhudza nthaka konse.
Mbalame zokongola, zopanda ulemu zomwe zimasamalidwa bwino ndizokonzekera zidzakhala kunyada kwa mwiniwake ndipo sizidzasangalala zokha, koma ndichithunzi chokongola kwambiri cha ulendo wake waukulu.

Nkhani Yosangalatsa