Mitundu yopanda mimba ya ng'ombe

Nyanga zopanda malire zomwe zimakongoletsa mutu, zimawonedwa ngati mbali yofunika kwambiri ya maonekedwe a ng'ombe kapena ng'ombe - chifukwa iye ndi ng'ombe. Komabe, palinso ng'ombe zopanda malire, otchedwa horny, opanda nyanga. Mbali imeneyi ndi khalidwe linalake. Chifukwa chake ndichifukwa chiyani zinkawoneka ng'ombe zopanda malire - zowonjezera mu nkhaniyi.

Zamkatimu:

• Chifukwa chimachitika
• Mitundu ya miyala yopanda malire
• Aberdeen-Angus
• Zokongoletsera zochokera ku Iowa
• Redpol
• Russian Komoly mtundu

Kodi ng'ombe ya komolya ndi chiyani?

Nyama zotchedwa nyanga ziribe nyanga, ngakhale ziyenera kukhala mwachibadwa. Sikuti ng'ombe zokha, komanso nkhosa zamphongo, mbuzi, ndi nkhosa zimatha kukhala komolym. Pamutu, pamalo pomwe nyanga ziyenera kuyang'ana, nyama zoterezi zimapanga zozizwitsa zomwe zimatchedwa kukula.

Kawirikawiri ng'ombe zamphongo zimakhala ndi maonekedwe a nyama. Kusakhala kwa nyanga kwa iwo si vuto kapena chilema. M'malo mwake - imayankhula za kukhala kwawo kwa mtundu wina.

Ambiri oweta ziweto amakhulupirira kuti komol ndi yopindulitsa, chifukwa ng'ombezi zimathetsa vuto lililonse lovulaza. Komanso, ng'ombe zamphongo pamsika wa zinyama ndi zotsika mtengo kuposa achibale awo amphongo. Zomwe zimafunikira pamoyo ndi kusamalira ng'ombe zazikazi ndi zofanana ndi mitundu ina.

Chifukwa chimachitika

Komolost, ndiko kuti, mwamsanga, akhoza kukhala wachibadwa ndi kubadwa. Nthaŵi zina, nyanga za cutlets zimadulidwa atangobereka kapena atakalamba, pofuna kuchepetsa kuvulaza nyama ndi anthu. Ng'ombe zimayambanso kuperewera chifukwa cha ntchito yaikulu yobereka.

Gululi ndilopambana kwambiri, choncho, ngati nyama ziwiri zogonana zimakhala zogwirizana, ana awo omwe ali m'badwo woyamba adzakhala 100% opanda malipenga, mbadwo wachiwiri udzakhala ndi kukula kwa nyanga m'malo mwa nyanga, m'badwo wachitatu chiwerengero cha ng'ombe zazikulu ndi zowonongeka zidzakhala 3: 1.

Mitundu ya miyala yopanda malire

Kenaka, timalingalira ng'ombe zakutchire zomwe zimakonda kwambiri.

Aberdeen-Angus

Mtundu umenewu unafalikira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1900 ku Scotland, m'madera a Aberdeen ndi Angus, chifukwa chake amatchulidwa.

Werengani zambiri za ng'ombe za Aberdeen-Angus.

Maziko a ntchito yobereketsa inali ng'ombe zakutchire zowonongeka. Pakali pano, mtunduwu umatchuka kwambiri ku United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Russia ndi Argentina. Zili ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri, khalidwe la nyama, kudya mofulumira. Imeneyi ndi mtundu wolimba kwambiri wa ng'ombe zazikazi.

Ndikofunikira! Mtundu uwu sumafunikira, chifukwa ukhoza kulekerera kutentha kwambiri popanda kuwononga thanzi. Komabe, nyama zimasowa malo odyetserako ziweto, zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa posankha mtundu.

Makhalidwe ofunika:

• mwamuna wolemetsa: 750-1000 kg;
• kulemera kwa akazi: 500-700 makilogalamu;
• kutalika kwafota: Masentimita 120-150;
• thupi: zozungulira, zovuta, zazikulu; chozama ndi chotchulidwa chifuwa, khosi lalifupi, miyendo yolunjika;
• suti: wakuda, wofiira;
• mwatsatanetsatane: Kuthetsa nkhuku kumatha m'miyezi 14-15;
• nyama zokolola: 60-70%
• zokolola: 2000 l / chaka.

Mtundu uwu uli ndi ubwino wambiri, kuphatikizapo:

• kukula kofulumira komanso kosavuta;
• nyama zabwino kwambiri (zimakhala zofatsa, zimatchulidwa, zimakhala zoyenera kuphika steaks)
• akawoloka ndi mitundu ina yazimayi, ana amalandira mtundu, kuphuka koyambirira komanso makhalidwe abwino.

Zokongoletsera zochokera ku Iowa

Ng'ombe za ng'ombe zopanda phokoso zimachokera ku America, Iowa. Mosiyana ndi zinyama zina, ng'ombe za ku Iowa sizinali zosiyana ndi mtundu wawo ndipo zimaganiziridwa ndi obereketsa okha suti.

Mukudziwa? Mtengo wa ng'ombe uli pakati pa madola zikwi zisanu ndi mazana makumi angapo. Kugula mwana wochuluka wochuluka n'kotheka kokha ku America.

Sizimagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga nyama ndi mkaka, popeza sizinapangidwe ndi udzu wambiri. Cholinga chachikulu chokhalira zokongolazi ndikutenga nawo mbali. Kawirikawiri malo oyambirira amatengedwa ndi ng'ombe zazing'ono za Iowa - ng'ombe za mitunduyi zimawoneka zogwira mtima kwambiri ndi zojambula.

Ng'ombe izi zili ndi kunja:

• mutu: yaing'ono, yokhala pa khosi lalifupi ndi lalifupi, lomwe limayenda mofulumira;
• croup: anakulira:
• mchira: yaitali, chokongoletsedwa ndi ngaya ya fluffy;
• chifuwa: chakuya, poyang'ana nyama, mbiriyi ikufanana ndi rectangle;
• miyendo: yochepa ndi yolunjika, chifukwa cha chivundikiro chofiira cha ubweya amawoneka ngati zipilala;
• mbali: kuwomba, kuzungulira.
• ubweya: wandiweyani ndi wautali, wofewa, wochuluka mpaka kukhudza, umaphimba thupi lonse; Chisamaliro chake chikufunika kuti asunge kukongola;
• Mtundu: zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri - zakuda, zonse zimakhala zofiirira, zoyera, motley (zakuda-ndi-zoyera, zofiira).

Phunzirani zambiri za mitundu yabwino ya ziweto za mkaka ndi nyama.

Redpol

Mitundu ya nyama ndi mkaka imachokera ku England. Palibe deta lenileni pa chiyambi chake. Zimadziwika kuti mtunduwu unayambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1900 chifukwa cha kuwoloka kwa ng'ombe za mkaka za Suffolk County ndi mitundu ya nyama ya Norfolk County. Pakadali pano, adatchuka kwambiri ku England, komanso ku USA, Canada, Australia ndi New Zealand.

Makhalidwe ofunika:

• mwamuna wolemetsa: 800-900 makilogalamu;
• kulemera kwa akazi: 500-650 makilogalamu;
• thupi: minofu, minofu, mutu wamkati, mpweya wochepa, wakuda, chifuwa chachikulu, wodwala;
• suti: mitundu yonse yofiira (kawirikawiri pali anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zoyera pamimba, mimba, ndi ngaya ya mchira);
• zokolola: 4500 l / chaka.

Zingakhale zothandiza kwa inu kuti muwerenge chifukwa chake ng ombe ikugwera pansi, ndi ng'ombe iti yomwe imatha kutetezedwa kuti itetewe ndi tizilombo, ng ombeweyani, bwanji kudyetsa ng'ombe kumalo odyetserako ziweto, komanso kupeza chomwe chimapangitsa kulemera kwa ng'ombe.

Russian Komoly mtundu

Ng'ombe za ng'ombezi zinkatengedwa posachedwa (pafupifupi zaka 10 zapitazo), koma zatha kale kukweza chidwi cha obereketsa ziweto. Russian bastard Komoly ali nyama orientation. Pofuna kupeza mtundu umenewu, nyama za Aberdeen-Angus ndi Kalmyk zinadutsa. Pakali pano pali anthu pafupifupi 8,000 a mtundu umenewu. Zizindikiro:

• mwamuna wolemetsa: 1300 makilogalamu;
• kulemera kwa akazi: 1000 kg;
• thupi: Thupi limagwirizana mozama, lalikulu, minofu; Thupi liri ndi makona awiri, mutu ndi waung'ono, chifuwa chimagwedezeka ndi chakuya, kumbuyo kuli kolunjika, mkokomo ndi wamphamvu;
• suti: wokha wakuda;
• mwatsatanetsatane: Miyezi 15, koma kuti mupeze ana ambiri, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito akazi kuyambira miyezi 24;
• nyama zokolola: oposa 75-80%.

Mukudziwa? Mwini wa nyanga zazikuru ndi zowona kwambiri padziko lonse posachedwapa anaziwona ngati mtundu wa ng'ombe wa Watusi. Nyanga zake zinali zolemera makilogalamu 45 ndipo zinkafika mtunda wa 93 cm. Ng'ombeyo inakopeka kwambiri ndi munda wa Gassville (Arkansas, USA), koma mu 2010 adamwalira ndi khansara, yomwe inakhalapo mu nyanga imodzi.

Mitundu ya ng'ombeyi ili ndi ubwino wambiri pa mitundu ina yamakono ndi nyama:

• iwo amadziwika ndi chitetezo champhamvu kwambiri ndi thanzi;
• Iwo akulimbana ndi matenda, nkhawa ndi zovuta zachilengedwe;
• kusonyeza kusintha;
• kusamvetsetsa ku zakudya;
• mwamsanga muzolowere mtundu watsopano wa chakudya.

Russian ng'ombe ng'ombe ndi ofunika kwambiri kwa dietetic khalidwe, kukongola, zabwino kwambiri kukoma makhalidwe. Kawirikawiri, ng'ombe zopanda malire zakhala zikukondana ndi obereketsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuti zisamalire bwino, zikhale zabwino kwambiri, komanso kuti azidzichepetsa.

Ndikofunikira! Ngakhale kuti kusamalidwa bwino ndi kusasamala kwa mtunduwu, sikutheka kunyalanyaza miyezo yaukhondo, mwinamwake nyama yamphamvu ndi yamphamvu idzafooka msanga ndi kudwala.

Pogwiritsa ntchito zofunikira zochepa kuchokera kwa zinyama, mukhoza kupeza ubwino wabwino. Poganizira zonsezi, ng ombe zopanda malire ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi achibale awo.