Ng'ombe za Bestuzhev ndi zinyama zolimba ndi zokolola zabwino komanso zothandiza kwambiri. Iwo anawonekera ku gawo la Ufumu wa Russia, choncho, amatha kulekerera mikhalidwe ya nyengo ya chilengedwe.
Mbiri yamabambo ndi kufotokozera
Ng'ombe za Bestuzhevskaya ndi imodzi mwa akale kwambiri ku malo a Soviet. Iye anabadwanso mmbuyo mu 1780.
Chiyambi
Chakumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18, nyama zazikulu za mkaka ndi azimayi a ku Dutch omwe ankayimira mchere wa Simmental anabweretsedwa kuchokera ku Ulaya. Zinyama zonse zidaperekedwa ndi wofalitsa S.P. Bestuzhev. Kenaka, Bestuzhev adadutsa mitundu yomwe ankaitanitsa, pamene ankasankha mosamala ng'ombe. 
Chifukwa cha kusuntha koteroko, adatha kukhala ndi zikuluzikulu zazikulu zogonjetsa matenda.
Alimi ayenera kuganizira za nyama ndi mkaka wambiri wa ng'ombe: Caucasus brown, Sychevskaya, Schwyz, Yakut ndi Krasnogorbatov.
Standard
Makhalidwe apadera a mtunduwu:
- kutalika kwafota kufika pa masentimita 135;
- kutalika - mpaka 160 centimita;
- ndondomeko yotambasula akhoza kusiyana kuyambira 115 mpaka 118;
- bony index - pafupifupi 15;
- chest girth kufika pa masentimita 194;
- khosi - kukula kwakukulu, mofanana ndi mutu;
- udder - zofewa kwambiri, kukula kwapakati ndipo zimakhala bwino.
Zisonyezero za Nyama ndi Zakaka
Zizindikiro za nyama za mtundu uwu ndizitali kwambiri, nthawi zina zolemera za ng'ombe zimakwana 800 makilogalamu, ndipo ng'ombe - 1200 makilogalamu. Zisonyezero zazikulu za ntchito za mtundu wa Bestuzhev zimaperekedwa mu tebulo ili m'munsiyi.
| Dzina | Chizindikiro |
| Kusakaniza kwa mazira pachaka | Matani 4 |
| Kula mkaka | Wofewa, wopanda kukoma kwakukulu |
| Mafuta | 4 % |
| Mapuloteni | Kufikira ku 3.5% |
| Kuchuluka kwa phindu | 700-900 magalamu patsiku |
| Kupha nyama | Mpaka 60% |
| Mtundu wa nyama | Pamwamba |
Zabwino ndi zamwano
Ng'ombe za mtundu uwu uli ndi ubwino wotsatira:
- kudzichepetsa ku zikhalidwe za kundende ndi zakudya;
- khalani ndi msinkhu waukulu wa chipiriro;
- Kulimbana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana;
- palibe chiwerengero cha khansa ya m'magazi ndi chifuwa chachikulu;
- mkaka wa mkaka kwambiri;
- ntchito yabwino yobereka.
Mukudziwa? Ngati anthu onse amaikidwa pambali imodzi, ndipo ng'ombe ndi ng'ombe zonse zimamenyedwa kwachiwiri, kulemera kwake kwa nyanga kudzakhala katatu kwa anthu.
Oimira mboni za Bestuzhev zilibe zovuta, monga:
- miyendo yamphongo yaimphongo yozungulira;
- denga la sacrum;
- kupembedzera kumbuyo kwa mapewa.
Kusamalira ndi kusamalira
Ng'ombe zimenezi, monga tazitchula pamwambapa, zimanyalanyaza zikhalidwe zomangidwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kukwetsa ziweto sizingakhale zovuta, ngakhale kukhala woyamba.
Gwirizanani, chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimakhudza kupambana kokweza ng ombe, zimakhala zomasuka bwino. Phunzirani momwe mungamangire nkhokwe, komanso momwe mungapangire corral ndi mpweya wabwino m'khola ndi manja anu.
Malo ochitira masewera achilimwe
Malo a chilimwe a ng'ombe ndi ofunikira chifukwa amapereka chakudya chabwino ndi mkaka. Makampu am'nyengo yozizira ndi nyumba zokhala ndi zolembera. Mawebusaitiwa ali pa malo odyetserako ziweto, omwe amapereka mwayi wokhala ndi zinyama kwa udzu.
Izi ziyenera kunenedwa kuti denga ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri pazinthu izi, chifukwa zimateteza zinyama kutentha. Malo ochitira masewera a chilimwe, ngakhale kuti amafunika ndalama zambiri zowonetsera, koma m'tsogolomu zimathandiza kuchepetsa mtengo wa kusamalira zinyama ndi kusamalira. 
Kukonzekera malo
Muzipinda, zimalangizidwa kugwiritsa ntchito ogulitsa chakudya, kugawanitsa malingana ndi mtundu wa chakudya: chifukwa cha chinyezi ndi chakudya chokoma. Chofunika kwambiri ndi mphamvu ya udzu, udzu kapena wobiriwira, ndipo sikofunika kukonzekera chakudya chapadera chifukwa cha chinyezi, chifukwa chidebe kapena nkhokwe zimatha kupirira mosavuta.
Njira yabwino - chophimba matabwa, koma plywood, chipboard ndi matabwa ena ndi osafunika kugwiritsa ntchito chifukwa cha zofooka zawo. Kutalika kwa thanki kuyenera kukhala osachepera 80 masentimita, ndipo mu mawonekedwe - trapezoid, okhala ndi maziko aakulu pamwamba.
Tikukupemphani kuti muwerenge momwe mungapangire oweta ng'ombe ndi manja awo.
Buku losavuta la womwayo ndilo chidebe chomwecho kapena nkhokwe. Inde, ndizochepa kwambiri, choncho zimafuna nthawi yodzaza mobwerezabwereza (mobwerezabwereza) masana. 
Mukhozanso kupanga kapu yakumwa kuchokera ku chitsulo kapena pulasitiki ya gawo lalikulu, kudula limodzi ndi theka. Njirayi idzachepetsa ndalama zogwira ntchito, makamaka ngati mubweretsa madzi ndi madzi osamba.
Nthaka kawirikawiri imapangidwa ndi konkire kapena simenti, koma popeza zipangizozi ndizizizira, zimapangidwa ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana za zipangizo zotsatirazi:
- sawdust;
- kudula udzu;
- udzu
Zimalimbikitsanso kugwiritsa ntchito njerwa zophika pansi pa nthaka zomwe zimakhala zotentha kuposa simenti. Kuti ng ombe zisadwale, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kumanga zitsamba kuchokera ku nkhuni, chifukwa sizizizira mofulumira ndipo zimakhala zowonjezera.Ndikofunikira! Kukoma kwa mkaka kumadalira zomwe ng'ombe idya. Ngati mwawonjezera kugwiriridwa kudyetsa, kukoma kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, monga radish.
Ndikofunika kusankha kukula kwa nkhokwe, malingana ndi chiwerengero cha ziweto. Mu mtundu wamatabwa wamtambo, khola liyenera kukhala ndi miyeso yotsatirayi:
- kwa munthu wamkulu wamkulu - kutalika kufika mamita 2, ndi m'lifupi mpaka mamita 1.2;
- ng'ombe ndi ng'ombe - mpaka mamita 2 m'litali, m'lifupi mamita 1.5;
- Kwa ana a ng'ombe, kukula kwa khola ndi kochepetsetsa - kutalika kukhale mamita 1.5 ndipo m'lifupi ayenera kukhala mamita 1;
- Ng'ombe imafuna khola lalitali mamita 1.5 ndi mamita 1.3;
- Kutalika kwa chipinda chiyenera kukhala osachepera 2.5 mamita.
Zomwe amangidwa
Ngakhale kuti Ng'ombe za Bestuzhev zimakhala zosasamala ku zikhalidwe zomangidwa, ndikofunikira kusunga njira zina ndi zoyenera. Makamaka ayenera kulipira kukonza nkhokwe, yomwe iyenera kuchitika nthawi zonse. Mukamayeretsa, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osakaniza komanso ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe angatithandize kupewa matenda osiyanasiyana pa ziweto.
Zidzakhala zothandiza kwa inu kuti mudzidziwe ndi ubwino ndi zovuta za nyumba zowonongeka za ng'ombe.
Ulamuliro wa kutentha umayenera kuwonetsedwa bwino: m'chilimwe ndikofunikira kuchita nthawi zonse, komanso m'nyengo yozizira - kupereka uume ndi kutentha. Kutentha kwakukulu m'khola ndi 8% +20 ° С, ndipo chinyezi ndi 70%.
Akatswiri amalimbikitsa tsiku ndi tsiku kufufuza anthu onse kuti asawononge kuyamba kwa zizindikiro za matenda omwe angathe. M'nyengo yozizira, nkofunika kuti nthawi zambiri nyama zizidya, chifukwa zimatha kusuntha zambiri ndikupeza mavitamini ndi minerals zofunika pakudyera zomera. 
Gome ayenera kukhala ndi dongosolo lopuma mpweya lomwe lidzapereka mpweya wabwino ndikutsutsana ndi zomwe zilipo. Mpweya wotsegula mpweya ukhoza kukhala ndi chophweka chophweka, chinthu chachikulu ndizochita bwino. Kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi njira yopezera mpweya wabwino, komanso kutulutsa mpweya wabwino, mothandizidwa ndi mawindo ndi zitseko.
Ndikofunikira! Ng'ombe zazing'ono zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti zikhale zowonongeka ndi kutentha, kotero chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti chiwotchere nkhokwe pamaso pa kuzizira.
Kuyeretsa kawirikawiri pazitsulo ndi kusungira
Malinga ndi kapangidwe ka nkhokwe, imatsukidwa ndipo zinthu zimalowetsedwa. Ngati pali matabwa pamtambo, ayenera kusinthidwa kamodzi pa zaka 3-4, chifukwa nthawiyi akulephera. Kuyeretsa chipinda cha manyowa chiyenera kuchitidwa kawiri pa tsiku musanayambe kuyamwa.
Odyetsa ndi oledzera ayenera kuyeretsedwa mwamsanga pokhapokha pali kutsekedwa kapena kuchepa kwa chakudya. Chakudya chakale chiyenera kuchotsedwa ndi kutayidwa, m'malo mwake chikhale ndi chakudya chatsopano, chifukwa ng'ombe zimadwala kuchokera ku chakudya chokhazikika. Kuyala pansi kumalowetsedwa ngati n'kofunika. Akatswiri amanena kuti pulasitiki iyenera kusinthidwa nthawi zonse, nthawi zonse kuwonjezera zida zatsopano. 
Zimene mungadye
Kudyetsa ng ombe za mtundu uliwonse kuli ndi zinthu zina malinga ndi nyengo.
Werengani momwe mungapangire chakudya cha ng'ombe zowuma.
Chilimwe chikuyenda msipu
M'nyengo ya chilimwe, chakudya chapafupi chimachepetsedwa kwambiri, monga momwe nyama zimathera nthawi yambiri pa msipu. Ndikofunika kuti pasakhale zomera zopweteka ndi zoopsa m'munda. Chowopsa kwambiri kwa zomera ndi:
- mtengo wamtengo wapatali - imayambitsa ng'ombe colic m'mimba ndi matenda;
- ledum marsh - amachititsa ziwalo za miyendo ndi mtima, dongosolo la mantha;
- nyanga yamphongo - zimayambitsa kupsa mtima, kunjenjemera ndi tympanitis. Zingayambitse kufa mofulumira kwa nyama;
- henbane wakuda - amachititsa tympanitis ng'ombe;
- hemlock zamatenda - amachititsa kuti ziwalo za mitsempha zikhale zofooka.
Imodzi mwa zomera zowopsa kwambiri kwa ng'ombe ndi zoopsa za euonymus. Ziyenera kumveka kuti kudyetsa msipu sikungalole ng'ombe kuti zipeze zinthu zonse zofunika, kotero ziyenera kudyetsedwa ndi chakudya chamagulu, koma muzing'ono kwambiri kuposa m'nyengo yozizira.Kusiyana kwa zakudya zozizira
M'nyengo yozizira kukudyetsani muyenera kutsatira malamulo awa:
- onjezerani zowonjezera mbewu zamasamba ndi silage, zomwe zimapatsa nyama zowonjezera mphamvu, ndikuwonjezera mkaka wawo;
- onjezerani ku zakudya zambiri zomwe muli ndi mchere ndi carotene;
- Pofuna kukonza chakudya m'nthawi ya chimfine, m'pofunika kuika shuga beets mu menyu.
Mukudziwa? Pa moyo wake, ng'ombe imapereka pafupifupi magulu 200 a mkaka. Nkhosa ya ng'ombe 60 imatulutsa mkaka patsiku.
Mtengo wa chakudya chamadzi ozizira m'nyengo yozizira, munthu wamkulu ayenera kukhala wa 10 mpaka 12 kilogalamu imodzi pa 100 kg ya kulemera kwa nyama, ndi udzu - mpaka 1.5 kilograms. Musaiwale za madzi, zomwe ziri zofunika kuti moyo wathanzi ukhale 60-80 malita patsiku. Ng'ombe za mkaka, kuchuluka kwa madzi kumafunika kuchokera pa 100 mpaka 150 malita. 
Musamaiwale za kuyenda ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira. Ngati msewu suli ozizira, ndiye kuti ziweto zizikhala maola atatu pa tsiku. Popeza mwakhala mukuzoloŵera zinyama, simukuyenera kuziphwanya, chifukwa ng'ombe zidzataya chiwalo chawo chokhazikika komanso kuchepetsa thupi lawo.
Ng'ombe zoweta za Bestuzhev zimapindulitsa kwambiri komanso zimadzichepetsa pokonza ndi kusamalira. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, chifukwa choyenera, iwo sanalandire bwino pa farmstead farmstead - mwinamwake, ora lawo labwino kwambiri likubwerabe.
