Mosiyana ndi mahatchi omwe nthawi zambiri amabwera, mahatchi a mtundu wa Persheron ali ndi makhalidwe ochititsa chidwi kwambiri, ndipo koposa zonse, ndiwo kutalika kwawo (pofota kufika masentimita 175, ndipo nthawi zina zambiri). Poyerekeza ndi anzawo, amawoneka ngati zimphona zenizeni zomwe zingathe kuthana ndi ntchito iliyonse, kotero iwo sangakhoze kulephera kuyang'anitsitsa.
Mbiri ya mapangidwe a mtunduwu
Mtundu uwu wa ku France unabzalidwa mumzinda wawung'ono wa Persh kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900. Magazi a mahatchi a Arabia ndi mahatchi a kumadzulo akumadzulo a French akuyenda m'mitsempha ya oimira masiku ano. Percherons anayamba kutumizidwa ku Russia kumayambiriro kwa XIX atumwi, ndipo anali wamkulu makamaka mu Ulyanovsk dera pa October chomera. Kalelo, mahatchi a Perisiya ankagwiritsidwa ntchito pomenyera nkhondo, ndipo panthawi ya ulamuliro wa Count of Monte Cristo, iwo ankagwira ntchito yochotsa mahatchi a Paris ndi omvera. Mphamvu ndi kupirira kwa mahatchi a mtundu uwu makamaka chifukwa cha nyengo yabwino pamalo a kukhazikitsidwa kwawo - m'chigawo cha French cha Persch.
Kufotokozera ndi zinthu
Kuphatikiza pa kukula kwakukulu, akavalo a Perheron amatha kudzitama ndi zina, zomwe zimakhala zooneka bwino: suti yachilendo ndi nyumba yaikulu. Kuonjezerapo, pokonzekera kubereka zimphona zotere, m'pofunika kulingalira zaukali ndi khalidwe lawo.
Mukudziwa? Mkulu wamkulu wa mtunduwu wabadwira mu 1902, Dr. Le Jer. Kulemera kwa kavalo uyu kunali 1370 kg, ndipo kutalika kwake kunkafika pa 2.13 cm.
Kunja, kutalika ndi kulemera
Maonekedwe onse a Percheron amalankhula za mphamvu zawo, ndikutsimikiza za ukulu wa mahatchiwa, ndikwanira kuyang'ana makhalidwe awa:
- kutalika kumafota - masentimita 162-175;
- kutalika kwa miyendo - pafupifupi 169 cm (kwa onse awiri);
- chest girth - 197-202 masentimita;
- pastern circumference - 22.7-24.4 cm.
Zotsatira
Mitundu ya maonekedwe a mtundu wofotokozedwawo ndi imvi mu "maapulo" ndi wakuda, komanso amawomba ndi ofiira.
Dzidziwitse nokha ndi mtundu wobirimira wa kavalo monga: Soviet, Vladimir kavalo wolemera ndi Shire.
Kutentha ndi zizoloŵezi
Nthaŵi zambiri, Percherons amadziwika ndi mtima wokoma mtima komanso wokonzeka, chifukwa chake nyama izi zimakwaniritsa ntchito zomwe adawapatsa. Kukhala wodekha ndi kumvetsetsa mosavuta ndi munthu kumalola kugwiritsa ntchito mahatchi akufotokozedwa mu luso lamasewero komanso ngati kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe kakang'ono, ndipo nthawi zakale kavalo anali mthandizi wofunika kwambiri pazochitika zankhondo (ngakhale panthawi zovuta kwambiri mahatchi ankakhala chete ndikutsatira malangizo onse a wokwera). Kusokonezeka, kapena chisokonezo chomwe chili pafupi ndi iwo zingasokoneze mtendere wa zinyama ndikupangitsa magulu kusamvera.
Ndikofunikira! Ngakhale kuti Percherons ndi otani, kuleza mtima kwawo sikuli koyenera. Nyama zikuluzikuluzi zimatha kuchitapo kanthu mwaukali ndi nkhanza mofanana.
Chiwerengero cha ntchito
Poyamba, mtundu wa mahatchi atsopano unagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ulimi pofuna kutumiza katundu wolemetsa ndi zokolola, zomwe Percherons sankafanana. Chifukwa cha khama la kavalo ndi changu chake panthawiyi, nyamayo inadziwika kwambiri pakati pa alimi, osati ku France, komanso ku America, Canada komanso ku Japan.
Patangopita nthawi pang'ono, oimira mtunduwo anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama pantchito yolalikira, ndipo atatha kupanga mafakitale ndi kupanga mafakitale, adakhala nawo mpikisano wamagombe, akukwera pamwamba pa masewera.
Kuswana ku Russia
Mu 1891, Percheron woyamba adabweretsedwa ku dziko la Russia. Kubereketsa kwa nyama kwa zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi kunkaphatikizidwa ndi fakitale ya kavalo ya Khrenovsky, kumene oimira bwino a mtunduwo, omwe anabweretsa mwachindunji kuchokera ku France, anagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imodzi. Apa pali mazira abwino ndi mahatchi omwe anapangidwa, kumene mtundu watsopano wa mtundu wobadwirawo unabadwa.
Mahatchi onse anali ndi malamulo owuma, anali amphamvu kwambiri, ndipo anali oyenerera bwino ntchito zonse zaulimi ndi kukwera pa akavalo. Komabe, pofika chaka cha 1933, mahatchi omwe anali kubereka anali atatsala pang'ono kutha, omwe anali makamaka chifukwa cha mtengo wapatali.
Mukudziwa? Mtengo wa kavalo wamtengo wapatali kwambiri pa ntchito yake unali $ 200 miliyoni, mwinamwake kunali kwenikweni ndalama zimenezi zomwe kavalo wokwera kwambiri wothamanga wa Chingerezi, wotchedwa Frankel, anali kuyembekezera.Kuyambira mu 1941, fakitale ya kavalo ya Khrenovsky inasintha malo ake ndipo idapitiliza kugwira ntchito ku dera la Ulyanovsk, panthawi yomweyi kulandira dzina latsopano - fakitale ya mahatchi ya Oktoba. Mpaka posachedwa, ndiye amene ankaonedwa kuti ndi malo okhawo omwe amamera bwino mtundu wa Percheron, koma mu 2011 adalengezedwa, ndipo anayenera kubwezera ngongole mothandizidwa ndi akavalo a ku France omwewo. M'mbiri yonse ya chitukuko cha Percheron pa nthaka ya Russia, zinali zotheka kupeza miyendo yamtengo wapatali komanso yolemekezeka, yomwe Ixod, Bardadim, Apra ndi Viewit ndizosiyana kwambiri, koma mwatsoka, sizinapulumutse mpaka pano.
Phunzirani momwe mungabwerere akavalo kunyumba.
Inde, m'midzi yamakono pali njira zambiri zochitira ntchito ndi kutumiza katundu, komabe ndikufuna kukhulupirira kuti okongola ndi okongola kwambiri a Percherons adzapeza malo m'mitima ya alimi akuweta, ndipo mtunduwu udzayamba kutsitsimutsa.