Mahatchi amathandiza kuteteza nkhumba za akavalo. Kuponyera kolakwika, simungangowononga ziboda zokhazokha, komanso kumayambitsa matenda a mapeto.
M'nkhaniyi tipenda kuti tione chifukwa chake mahatchi amafunika kuvala nsapato, ndipo tidzakambirana ndi zovuta kwambiri za njirayi.
Chifukwa chiyani mahatchi amafunika mahatchi
Pansi pa chilengedwe, mahatchi amakhala mu steppe, akusuntha pa nthaka yofewa. Izi zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe cha mbali zamapazi, kumene njira zowonongeka zimakhala zofanana kapena kupitirira ntchito ya kugaya.
Thupi la kavalo limabweretsanso keratinous integument isanachotsedwe. Pakati paokha, mahatchi amakhala ndi moyo ndipo amakhala m'madera omwe ali ndi msewu wovuta, womwe umapangitsa kuti ziboda zizikhala mobwerezabwereza. 
Horseshoe ndi njira yosavuta komanso yothandiza kwambiri yotetezera ziboda. Zimathandiza kupewa kutayika kwa keratinous m'mphepete mwa mapeto ndi kuteteza mapazi a equine ku zilonda zamagetsi ndi zoopsa.
Mukudziwa? Zakale zamagulu anayamba kugula mahatchi koyamba, pafupifupi m'zaka za m'ma III-IV BC. erKuphatikiza apo, mahatchi nthawi zambiri amakhala pamtunda osiyanasiyana pamapiko osiyanasiyana - izi zimapangitsa kuti zitsulo zikhale pamtunda. Chotsatira chake, chinyama chimakhala champhamvu kwambiri pakuyenda, chomwe chiri chofunika kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira.
Koma pali zowonjezera ndi zotsutsanazi: ndi kusunga kwaufulu m'khola ndi msipu kumalo otseguka sichilimbikitsidwa kuti apange nsapato. Pachifukwa ichi, nyama sizikugwirizana ndi miyala ya asphalt kapena konkire, yomwe imalola thupi kupereka chitetezo chachilengedwe kuwononga kuwonongeka kwa mapazi. 
Kuphatikizanso apo, m'mahatchi opanda ufulu, nthawi zambiri amasewera wina ndi mzake, ndipo anthu ena amatha kusokoneza wachibale wawo ndi iwo eni.
Mukudziwa? Mahatchi a zitsulo anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Aroma akale m'zaka za m'ma BC BC. er Ankaimira mbale yaying'ono yokhala ndi zingwe zosiyanasiyana, mauta, mphete, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zinamangirizidwa mothandizidwa ndi zingwe zing'onozing'ono kapena zikopa za chikopa.
Mitundu ya mahatchi amahatchi
Lero, kukwera kavalo kumapereka kugawidwa kwa mahatchi mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana, malingana ndi zolinga ndi zolinga zomwe hatchi idzatenga mbali yogwira ntchito. Taganiziraninso zofunikira za aliyense mwa iwo.
Standard (yosavuta)
Zitsanzo zamakono zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapiri ambiri a akavalo kuti azigwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku. Zapangidwa ndi chitsulo, zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe a oval ndipo nthawi zambiri zimalemera pafupifupi 300 g. 
Kuonjezera apo, mahatchi apamwamba akhoza kukhala ndi matepi kuti ateteze kavalo kuti asatuluke. Zowonjezera zoterezi zimasankhidwa mosamalitsa malinga ndi kukula kwa ziboda.
Zitsanzo zoterezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa achinyamata ndi okhwima, mosasamala cholinga cha ntchito. Mapangidwe apadera ndi ma anti-skid spikes amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo zamtundu uliwonse mu nyengo ndi malingaliro aliwonse azachuma, omwe amawapanga kukhala otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Phunzirani mmene mungasamalire mahatchi a akavalo.
Masewera
Zitsanzo zoterezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza akavalo a masewera, pamene chinyama chimaphunzitsa tsiku lililonse kapena kukonzekera mpikisano wotsatira. Iwo ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, koma amasiyana ndi omwe ali ofanana ndi kuwala kosavuta.
Chofunika kwambiri ndi kukanika kwapamwamba kwambiri, komanso kumangiriza bwino pamtunda, zomwe, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a anatomical, zimathandiza kuti zinyama zisamayende. 
Mitengo ya masewera imagawidwa mosamala pankhani za masewera, zizindikiro za nyama zomwe zimagwira nawo ntchito komanso momwe angagwiritsire ntchito:
- mahatchi apamwamba amawongolera matepi opepuka kwambiri osapitirira 150 g. Zithunzizi zimapangidwa ndi zinthu zokhazikika komanso zopepuka zomwe zimakhala ndi "masika". Kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pa ayezi kapena m'nyengo yozizira, pali zotsutsa zotsalira ndi gawo lapadera la trapezoidal;
- pamene hatchi imayendayenda kumbali zonse, ili ndi nsalu za mahatchi a malasha omwe ali ndi mammita 10 mmunsi pansi, polemera pafupifupi 150 g. Ngati kuzungulira kulikonse kumachitika m'nyengo yozizira, nsonga ya akavalo yozungulira 180-200 g ndi mapiritsi akuluakulu atatu pansi kapena mahatchi Berezovets. Iwo amasiyanitsa ndi ena onse chifukwa chosakhala ndi minga ndi kuwonjezeka;
- Pochita nawo masewera olimbitsa thupi (kuthamanga kukagonjetsa zopinga) zinyama zimakhala ndi mahatchi oonda komanso opepuka. Pa nthawi yomweyi, zowonjezeramo ziyenera kukwaniritsa miyezo ina ya masewera - makulidwe a nthambi sayenera kukhala aakulu kuposa khoma la khoma, ndipo spikes ayenera kukhala akuyang'ana mkati;
Dzidziwe nokha ndi mitundu ya mahatchi.
- Otsatira a mpikisano wothamanga amavala matepi malingana ndi mtundu wa unyinji wophimba omwe adzawonekere. Zingakhale zowonjezereka, Berezovets, ndi zitsanzo zoyenera zopitirira 300 g;
- pamaseŵera osiyanasiyana othamanga amodzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mahatchi a malasha omwe ali ndi mphini wochepa. Kupezeka kwa minga ndizofunikira zazikuluzikulu za mpikisano, monga kavalo pamasewera akhoza kuvulaza osati yekha komanso munthu;
- Chifukwa chochita nawo madiresi, nsapato sizitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, koma ngati kuli koyenera, kutsogolo kungakhale kofiira. Pachifukwa ichi, zitsanzo zosaoneka bwino ndi zosalala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito;
- masewera a m'nyengo yachisanu mahatchi amaikidwa pa malasha ovala malasha omwe ali ndi mano ochuluka kumtunda wakunja. Chinthu chachikulu cha zitsanzo zoterozo ndi kukhalapo kwa mbale yachitsulo yosalala pansi, yomwe imalepheretsa chisanu kuti chifike kumapeto.
Maungulo
Mitambo ya kuwala imapanga trotters, zomwe zimakhala zolemera kwambiri pakati pa mahatchi apambuyo ndi kutsogolo.
Kumbuyoko nthawi zambiri kumakhala 25-40% molemera kuposa kutsogolo - izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa kayendetsedwe ka kavalo pamene akusunthira mofulumira komanso mosasunthika, komanso kumateteza ku chitukuko. Kulemera kwa zitsanzo zoterezi kungakhale kosiyana, koma nthawi zambiri sichiposa 180-210 g.
Mukudziwa? Kudumphadumpha kunafika kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900 ku France, ndipo mpikisano woyamba mu masewerawa unachitika pakati pa zaka zana.
Kuyang'ana kwa mahatchi a kuwala kumachitika nthawi zonse: makulidwe awo ayenera kukhala osachepera 4 mm, ndipo m'lifupi mwake 8 mm. Mahatchi amawunikira nthawi zambiri amakhala akuluakulu, monga ana aang'ono samasowa kavalo.
M'tsogolomu, kuti aphunzitsidwe pa racetrack, amavala mahatchi apamtundu wokhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera pamapeto a nthambi. 
Orthopedic
Zojambulajambula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- kuchepetsa kukula kwa equine;
- kuchepetsa kupweteka kapena kupweteka kwa miyendo yoyambitsa kuvulala kapena kuwonongeka kwa ziboda;
- kufulumizitsa machiritso a chiwalo chovulala;
- gwirizanitsani kuyenda kwa nthambi;
- kuchepetsa katundu pa mapazi ndi miyendo;
- kukonza ziboda zopunduka.
Ndikofunikira! Odziŵa okha vet adzatha kunyamula ndi kukonza bwino kavalo pamapazi a kavalo. Kudzidula nsapato kungapangitse kuti phokoso likhale lopitirira, ndipo ngakhale kumayambitsa matenda othamanga a mapazi.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya mahatchi a mafupa pamsika lero. Zina mwa izo, zitsanzo zoyendetsera kuyenda, komanso zida za akavalo, zomwe zimathandiza kuthetsa ziboda kapena zogawanika, zimakonda kwambiri. 
Momwe mungasankhire akavalo a akavalo
Kuti muzisankha akavalo abwino, muyenera:
- Kusankha cholinga cha kavalo chidzagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndi katundu wotani womwe udzachite pa chinyama. Pambuyo pake, malinga ndi ntchitoyo, sankhani mtundu wofunikira kuchokera kwa omwe tatchulidwa pamwambapa.
- Ndiye mufunika kudziwa kukula kwa zofunikira. Kuti muchite izi, muyembe ziboda zonse m'litali ndi m'lifupi.
- Zomwe anapeza ziyenera kuyerekezedwa ndi tebulo lapadera ndikudziwika kukula kwake.
- Kenako, sankhani zinthu zomwe zilipo. Lero pali zitsulo, mphira ndi mahatchi apulasitiki pamsika. Zopindulitsa kwambiri ndi zopangidwa zitsulo zopangidwa kuchokera ku zida zopepuka. Iwo ali oyenerera pafupifupi cholinga chirichonse, koma ngati mukusowa kayendetsedwe kake kopanda phokoso la akavalo, mukhoza kulingalira za rubberized kapena pulasitiki.
- Pambuyo pazimenezo, mungathe kupitiliza kugulira ndi kuyika zofunikira.
Dzidziwitse nokha ndi kapangidwe ndi matenda a miyendo ya mahatchi.
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, posankha akavalo, ndikofunikira kulingalira nyengo ya chaka. Pali zitsanzo za chilimwe ndi zachisanu: Zotsalirazi zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri ndi zomwe zimapangidwira, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kuti zinyama ziziyenda, komanso zimapangitsa kuti miyendo ikhale yowonjezera. 
Musaiwale kuti mahatchi amagawanika kutsogolo ndi kutsogolo. Ngakhale kuti maonekedwe sakusiyana, ali ndi vuto losiyana lomwe limakhudza kwambiri khalidwe ndi kumasuka kwa dera.
Ndikofunikira! Posankha kavalo, onetsetsani kuti mukuyang'ana kukula kwake, popeza opanga osiyana nthawi zambiri amawatcha iwo mosiyana.
Momwe mungapamire kavalo
Kuti apange nsapato bwinobwino, aliyense wokwera kavalo ayenera kukhala pa famu:
- burashi ndi sing'anga-yolimba tsitsi - ndi kuthandizira kwake ziboda zimatsukidwa ku dothi, zitsamba za manyowa ndi zinthu zina;
- kudulidwa - kubwezera zipilala za misomali;
- chikopa cha ziboda - kuchotsa matope achisanu;
- wodula wodula - kuchotsa wakale wa cornea layer;
- rafi - kubisa ziboda;
- nthata - pochotsa mpikisano kuchokera ku mahatchi;
- nyundo ndi kumanga nyundo yolemera pafupifupi 500 g - kuyesa ndi kuyenerera kukula kwa kavalo.
Gawo lalikulu la maphunziro a akavalo:- Chinthu choyamba kuchita musanayambe ndondomekoyi ndikumangiriza kavalo kuti muthandizidwe kwambiri. Kupanga nthawi zambiri kumatha kumapeto kwa nyama yomwe imakhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri (makamaka kwa achinyamata), kotero nyamayo ingagwedezeke mwamphamvu ndi kumenyana naye. Chotsatira, muyenera kukulunga ndi kukonza nthambi ya kavalo kuti mukhale ndi ufulu wopeza ziboda zonse, koma panthawi imodzimodziyo muyenera kupewa kugwedezeka kwa ziwalo. Apo ayi, nyamayo ingasokoneze kwambiri njirayi.
- Ngati inu mukukumana ndi ntchito yofukula kavalo wamkulu, ndiye musanayambe ndondomeko muyenera kuchotsa mahatchi omwe alipo. Kuti muchite izi, tenga nyundo, musunge nyundo ndikupukuta makapu a mpikisanoyo, kenako muwachotse iwo ndi ziboda. Ngati, mutachotsa mpikisano, mahatchi samatha pokhapokha, mutengere ndi zipilala pambali ndikuponyera kumbali.
- Ziribe kanthu momwe nsapatozo zilili bwino, madontho a fumbi ndi manyowa omwe ali pansi pa kavalo angayambitse kutupa ndi zotupa zapatsiku. Choncho, pogwiritsa ntchito chikhoto ndi tsabola, m'pofunika kuchotsa zonse za dothi ndikutsuka mapazi a akavalo ndi sopo ndi madzi. Pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi, zitsekozo zimafafanizidwa.
- Chombochi chimapangidwa paokha wokhazikika, chidendene chiyenera kukhala chofiira, mwina dothi ndi manyowa zimatha kutseka ming'alu ndipo zimapangitsa kutupa kwa mahatchi. Pofuna kupewa izi, muyenera kuthetsa zopanda pake komanso ziboda zosiyanasiyana. Izi zimachitidwa ndi chimfine chakuthwa kwambiri, kotero muyenera kusamala kuti musavulaze nyama. Panthawi imeneyi, mapazi amodzimodzi amachepetsanso - kupitirira kwa ziboda ndi pafupifupi masentimita 7 (kuchokera kumalo okwera tsitsi). Pamapeto pa ndondomekoyi, phazi la kavalo ndilokhazikika ndi rasp.
- Pamene hatchi ikukonzekera bwino, mukhoza kuyamba kuzindikira kukula kwake kwa chidendene - chifukwa chaichi, ziboda zonse zimayesedwa m'litali ndi m'lifupi, kenako amasankha kukula kofunika ndi mtundu wa zidendene zamtsogolo.
- Kaŵirikaŵiri vuto limakhalapo pamene kavalo alibe maonekedwe abwino. Pankhaniyi, m'pofunika kuigwirizanitsa ndi mawonekedwe a ziboda iliyonse mothandizidwa ndi nyundo ndi kumanga nyundo. Chitsulo chotsekeka chiyenera kuthyola ziboda popanda ziphuphu, komanso kubwereza zonsezo.
- Pamene mahatchi akukonzekera bwino, amatha kukhazikika pa ziboda. Mipikisano ya phazi imapangidwanso, pogwiritsa ntchito nyundo yokhazikika, ndipo imangokhala maenje apaderalo.
Kupitiliza kubwera pafupi ndi nyanga yofiira iyenera kuchotsedwa. 
Pambuyo pake, amaikidwa pansi pa zipilala, kenako amatsindikizidwa ndi nyundo kuti amange chingwe cha akavalo okha. Potsirizira pake, mbali zonse zoyera zikupukutidwa ndi rasp. 
- Pamene ndondomekoyi ikuchitidwa ndi gawo limodzi, mukhoza kuyamba nsapato yotsatira.
Kupitiliza kubwera pafupi ndi nyanga yofiira iyenera kuchotsedwa. 
Pambuyo pake, amaikidwa pansi pa zipilala, kenako amatsindikizidwa ndi nyundo kuti amange chingwe cha akavalo okha. Potsirizira pake, mbali zonse zoyera zikupukutidwa ndi rasp. 
Ndikofunikira! Nkofunika perepodovyvat phazi lililonse: kunyalanyaza lamuloli kungasokoneze chikhalidwe cha nyama komanso kumapweteka kwambiri miyendo.
Momwe mungapamire kavalo: kanema
Nthawi zambiri ndikufunika kusintha
Ngakhale kuti mahatchi ali olimba ndipo amatha kuteteza nkhumba za akavalo kuchokera ku mitundu yonse ya kuwonongeka kwa nthawi yaitali, ziyenera kusinthidwa nthawi zonse. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndikuti iwo amalepheretsa kwambiri kutaya kwachilengedwe kwa ziboda, choncho amafunika kufupikitsidwa mwachangu.
Nthawi zambiri perepodkovyvayut nyama zamoyo 1 nthawi mu miyezi 1.5-2, koma malingana ndi mtundu wa nyama, zakudya zake ndi zochitika za kuchuluka kwa njirayi zimasiyana kwambiri.
Pezani zida za equestrian, kaya kavalo hakamora ndi chofunika bwanji, momwe ngongole ikukonzedwera kavalo.Onetsetsani kuti muchite ndondomekoyi:
- ngati kutalika kwa ziboda ndizoposa 10-12 masentimita;
- Pambuyo pa ziboda kapena miyendo;
- nyengo yatsopano isanayambe (kukhazikitsa zitsanzo zojambulidwa ndi zosiyana);
- pamene nsanja ya akavalo imakhala yaing'ono kwa kavalo.
Kuwombera ndi chimodzi mwa njira zofunika kwambiri pakubereka kavalo wamakono. Amapereka mpata woteteza nkhumba za akavalo kuti zisachoke, zomwe zimatetezera kuwonongeka. Lero pali mitundu yambiri ya mawonekedwe awa, koma kuti muzisankha malo okwera kwambiri otetezeka okwera pamahatchi, m'pofunika kudziwa kuti ndi katundu wotani komanso kuti chiweto chidzagwiritsidwa ntchito mtsogolo.
Ndemanga
"Mahatchi apulasitiki amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ngati ntchito zambiri zimapitilira kumalo ovuta kapena amwala, kapena malinga ndi vet. Malangizo, IMHO. Popeza mahatchi apulasitiki ali ochepa kwambiri, amakhala aakulu kuposa zitsulo zowonongeka ndipo amapewa chikhomo chokhazikika pansi (ndi Kuthamanga kwakukulu kwa pulasitiki kumapangitsa kuti izi zitheke.) Mitambo yosautsa ndi mpweya wautali imadzazidwa kwambiri ...
Mahatchi apulasitiki amaloledwa ndi kudula ndi mapiritsi ndi mpeni, atagwirana ndi ziboda zomwe zimakonzedwa ndi rasp. "(C) Alex_Farrier, Proconi.
Mwachitsanzo, ngati ziboda zikufuna kubzala, kavalo akugwira ntchito mwakhama ndipo nthawi yomweyo amachotsa ziboda. Ndipo apa iye adayeretsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito chingwe chotetezera mmalo mwa nsalu ya akavalo, (mungathe ngakhale kumanga kavalo)
Ndizo zonse, musamangodula ziboda.
