Mitundu Yotchuka ya Pony

Mahatchi sali otchuka kwambiri m'nyumba zapadera monga akavalo olemetsa, ndipo sagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza poswana kennels, komabe palinso gulu la anthu amene amasankha akavalo ang'onoang'ono.

Tiyeni tione momwe mahatchi amaonekera, mmadera omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi zomwe muyenera kudziwa za mtundu wotchuka kwambiri.

Zamkatimu:

• Chiwerengero cha ntchito
• Pony Breeds
• Welsh
• Scottish
• Falabella
• Shetland
• Kutuluka Kwambiri (Celtic)
• Chi Icelandic

Chiyambi

Pony ndi kachilombo ka kavalo wamkati, koma ndi zocheperapo. Kukula kwapang'ono (mpaka 140 cm) ndi khadi loitana la nyama izi, mwinamwake iwo amafanana ndi akavalo wamba omwe ali ndi khosi lamphamvu, miyendo yochepa komanso kupirira kwakukulu.

Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti mahatchi oyambirira anaonekera pazilumba za Ulaya kumpoto kwa Scandinavia, kumene anakhalako kwanthaŵi yaitali. Anthu a m'dera lawo ankagwiritsa ntchito njira zonyamula katundu, ndipo liwiro silinagwire ntchito iliyonse. Makamaka, mahatchi ang'onoang'onowa ankagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa mafuta ndi kuthandiza anthu mu ulimi, ndipo kukula kwawo kochepa kunalibe phindu.

Mukudziwa? M'mayiko osiyanasiyana, dzina lakuti "pony" limatanthauza mahatchi osiyana kwambiri. Choncho, ku Russian Federation, kutalika kwa kavalo kakang'ono kameneka kumafota sikuyenera kukhala masentimita 110, ndipo ku England, nyama zomwe zimakhala masentimita 143 masentimita atapota kapena apamwamba zimatchedwa "pony."

Mitundu yambiri ya mahatchi ang'onoang'ono, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri lerolino mu masewera a kavalo, anapangidwa kokha m'zaka za m'ma XIX-XX.

Chiwerengero cha ntchito

Pa kutchulidwa kwa ma poni, chinthu choyamba chimene chimabwera m'malingaliro ndi kukwera kwa ana ndi machitidwe ku masewero, koma, zoona, kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito mahatchi ang'onoang'ono ndi ochuluka kwambiri. Kawirikawiri, iwo amakhala chida chachikulu chothandizira anthu olemala, mosasamala za msinkhu wawo, ndi zabwino kwa hippotherapy ndi ana ndipo akhoza kukhala mabwenzi enieni kwa iwo, kukhala pamodzi ndi munthu wamng'ono ngati galu. Pali milandu pamene mahatchi amatha kutumiza anthu kumalo osungirako zida ndipo amagwira ntchito potumiza, zomwe zimapangitsa mbiri ya padziko lonse. Masiku ano, mahatchi ang'onoang'ono angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa masewera, komabe mpikisano ikuchitika pakati pa oimira mtundu umodzi wa kavalo.

Pokhala ndi nyumba, mahatchi nthawi zambiri amakhala mabwenzi abwino, ndipo ngati mumasankha nyama yabwino, mungagwiritsenso ntchito kuthandizira ntchito zapakhomo, makamaka zaulimi.

Ndikofunikira! Musaiwale kuti maasoni ambiri ndi mahatchi ang'onoang'ono osayenera kugwira ntchito mwakhama. Kusokonezeka maganizo kwambiri pa iwo kungayambitse matenda aakulu.

Pony Breeds

Kukula kwa ntchito yake kumadalira mwachindunji mtundu wa nyama, kotero musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito ponyoni ndikofunika kwambiri kuti muphunzire makhalidwe onse a nyama. Tiyeni tiyang'ane pa mtundu wotchuka kwambiri wa mahatchi ang'onoang'ono.

Welsh

Welsh pony ndi imodzi mwa okongola kwambiri oimira mtundu wake. Masiku ano n'zovuta kunena ndendende kuti ndi liti pamene oimira oyambirira a nyamazi adawonekera, koma adalandira zinthu zamakono pambuyo poti asilikali a Roma adawonekera ku Britain (ochita kafukufuku amakhulupirira kuti panthaŵiyi ma ponies a Wales adalitsidwanso ndi mitundu ina yomwe inakhudzidwa maonekedwe awo ndi ntchito). Kunja kwa oimira masiku ano a mitunduyi ali ndi zotsatirazi:

• kukula - masentimita 120-152;
• mutu - lalikulu kwambiri, ndi mphuno zazikulu;
• kumbuyo - wamfupi ndi wozungulira, ali ndi croup bwino;
• miyendo - zazikulu ndi zamphamvu, zowonongeka molunjika;
• mchira - udindo wapamwamba ndikupereka kupezeka kwa magazi a ma rabiers;
• mtundu - mosiyana, koma mochuluka kuposa ena omwe ali ndi imvi, bay ndi yofiira, ndi zina zotere zimaloledwa, malinga ngati zili zofanana.

Werengani zambiri za zomwe zimachitika ponyamula ma ponies kunyumba.

Kusiyana kwakukulu kotereku muzinthu zowonjezera ndi chifukwa cha mitundu inayi yosiyana, yomwe lero imatchedwa ma ponies a Wales:

1. Pony pamapiri (kapena mtundu wa A, wosachepera 123 cm wamtali) umakhala ndi zazikulu zazing'ono zazikulu ndi maso akuluakulu, ndipo maonekedwe ake nthawi zonse amatha kugwedezeka. Khosi ndilopakatikatikati, koma limaphatikizana bwino ndi gawo la mapewa, limayima pazowola. Zingwe - zikhale zosiyana, ndi ziboda zing'onozing'ono. Kawirikawiri, mahatchi amtunda amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukwera ana, zomwe nyamazi zimakonda kwambiri.
2. Wales mtundu B - kavalo sali wamtali kuposa masentimita 135 mu msinkhu, ndipo mwinamwake zimagwirizana pafupifupi monsemu kwa mitundu yosiyana. Masiku ano zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'masukulu oyendayenda, amalowa m'mitundu komanso amachita pa mphete zawonetsero.
3. Wales mtundu C - kukula kwa nyama ndi 135-146 masentimita, omwe, kuphatikizapo thupi lalikulu ndi miyendo yamphamvu, amapanga maharonsi oterewa othandizira aumunthu m'madera osiyanasiyana.
4. Mtundu Wales wa D kapena cob - Kukula kwa nyamayi kukuposa 140 cm, ndipo thupi limadziwika ndi kuya kwake. Zilonda - zamphamvu, ndi ziwalo zolimba. Zonsezi ndizosavuta komanso zaulere, chifukwa kavalo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokwera, ngakhale zimagwira bwino ntchito.

Zoonadi, mitundu yotsirizayi sitingatchedwe kuti "ma poni" m'lingaliro lonse la mawu, koma amakumbukiranso za iwo, akulankhula za mahatchi ang'onoang'ono a ku Welsh.

Mukudziwa? Mawu akuti "pony" amachokera ku liwu la Chigriki la poulenet ndipo kumasulira kumatanthauza "mbidzi".

Scottish

Pony ya Scottish (yomwe imadziwika ndi dzina lakuti Garrone ndi Highland) imaphatikiza mitundu itatu ya mahatchi: mahatchi ang'onoang'ono (omwe amakhala okwera masentimita 132 masentimita), Scottish wokwera (masentimita 132-140 akufota) ndi akuluakulu oyimira (mpaka masentimita 147 pamene akufota ). Zonsezi zimawoneka ngati zamphamvu kwambiri ndipo zimakhala ndi zizoloŵezi zofanana:

• mutu - zazikulu kukula, ndi mphumi waukulu ndi mitsempha yomweyo, "khalani maso" ndi makutu ang'onoang'ono;
• chifuwa - lonse ndi amphamvu;
• torso - wamphamvu ndi yakuya, ndi nsana yochepa ndi yolimba minofu yamphuno, ikuphulika - lonse;
• miyendo - amphamvu, ndi ziboda zolimba;
• mtundu - mdima wakuda, imvi, khwangwala, bay, wofiira, koma ndi mchira wopepuka ndi mane.

Mahatchi a Scottish amakhala ndi mavuto a mtima, mitsempha ya magazi, ziwalo ndipo nthawi zambiri amatha. Komanso, nyamazi zimadwala matendawa, laminitis ndi morbillivirus chibayo, kotero abambo awo ayenera kusamala kwambiri za thanzi lawo.

Falabella

Ambiri obereketsa amawona kuti akavalo aang'onowa si ponyoni, koma mtundu wodziimira wa akavalo ang'onoang'ono padziko lapansi. Zinyama izi zinafalikira ku Argentina pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1900, komanso kusintha kwa zikhalidwe ndi zochitika zakunja zinapitiliza mpaka pakati pa zaka zapitazo.

Mukudziwa? Mtunduwu umatchedwa banja la Falabella, omwe oimira zaka zambiri adalumikiza akavalo aang'ono pafupi ndi Buenos Aires. Magazi a akavalo a Andalusi ndi Akreole amayenda mu mitsempha ya nyama izi.

Maonekedwe a mahatchi amawonetsedwa pazinthu zotsatirazi:

• kukula - 40-75 cm;
• kulemera - 20-60 kg;
• thupi - zofanana, zokongola (poyerekeza ndi mahatchi ena, nyama izi zimasowa nthiti zingapo);
• mutu - zazikulu, ndi makutu ang'onoang'ono okhwima komanso pamphumi;
• chifuwa - mopitirira malire;
• khungu - woonda;
• miyendo - woonda, ndi nkhuku zazing'ono;
• mtundu - mwamtheradi aliyense, mwinamwake ngakhale zamanga kapena piebald.

Mahatchi a Falabella amasiyana pa nthawi ya moyo ndipo amakhala ndi moyo zaka 40 kapena kuposerapo. Zoonadi, zimangogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nyama zokongoletsera, makamaka popeza zilipo mazana ochepa okha lero. Akatswiri akuswana mahatchiwa akugwiritsidwa ntchito ku French, Dutch, American, British and Italian.

Werengani zambiri za kavalo kakang'ono kwambiri padziko lonse - mtundu wa Falabella.

Shetland

Mahatchi ang'onoang'onowa amatha kutchulidwa ngati ma ponies a Scottish, koma kwenikweni amatha kuonedwa ngati mtundu wosiyana womwe unapangidwa m'dera la Shetland zaka zoposa chikwi zapitazo. Popeza kuti mayikowa ndi mbali ya Scotland, mwachilengedwe, Sheltland ingatchedwe kuti Scottish, koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, nyamazi sizifanana kwambiri ndi mitundu yomwe ili pamwambapa ndipo zimasiyana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• kukula - 65-110 masentimita;
• mutu - zazikulu ndi zolemetsa;
• chifuwa - lonse;
• miyendo - lalifupi ndi lakuda;
• thupi - amphamvu ndi lonse;
• mane ndi mchira - utali wautali ndi wandiweyani (kuteteza kavalo ku chimfine);
• mtundu - nthawi zambiri piebald, ndi mawanga aakulu pamtundu uliwonse (mwachitsanzo, wofiira, imvi kapena wakuda).

Mahatchi a Shetland ndi ovuta kwambiri ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokwera ana ang'onoang'ono m'masukulu oyenda pansi. Kuphatikizanso apo, amayamba nawo mbali ndi kumalumphira bwino pazitsulo. Chiyembekezo cha moyo ndi zaka 45-54.

Kutuluka Kwambiri (Celtic)

Mahatchi a Celtic amaonedwa kuti ndi akale kwambiri omwe amakhala ku peatlands ku England omwe ali m'chigawo cha Devon ndi Somerset. Kuyambira kalekale mpaka lero iwo amakhala mu njira yopitilira, ngakhale kuti ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yodziwika kwambiri ya okwera mahatchi ang'onoang'ono, makamaka m'masukulu a ana oyendayenda. Kunja kwa maonekedwe a mahatchi akuwonetsedwa mu zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• kukula - mpaka masentimita 127;
• thupi - amphamvu ndi amphamvu;
• mutu - kukula kwasinkhu, ndi maso aakulu ndi osakanikirana pang'ono;
• chifuwa - lonse;
• kumbuyo - bwino;
• miyendo - kuchepa, ndi ziboda zolimba;
• mtundu - bulauni, saber, bay, ndi mawanga ofiira kwambiri pamaso.

Mukudziwa? Mahatchi a Celtic ndiwo nyama zokhazokha zomwe zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri. Ndi iye yemwe amamukumbutsa munthu wa chikhalidwe choyambirira cha nsagwada za nyama izi.

Miponi yamakono kuyambira nthawi zakale ankagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mahatchi, ndipo lero akungoyendetsa ana ndikupitiriza kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito zaulimi.

Chi Icelandic

Oimira maikositiki a ku Iceland kwa anthu ambiri amawoneka ngati achipongwe komanso opanda pake, makamaka ngati uwafanizira ndi akavalo omwewo a ku Welsh. Chifukwa cha izi chikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa chiyambi cha mtunduwu ndi ntchito yake ya zaka mazana ambiri mu zovuta zachi Icelandic. Anthu ammudzimo nthawi zonse amafunikira akavalo amphamvu komanso okonzeka kugwira ntchito, ngati ayi tsiku lonse, ndiye ambiri mwa iwo. Zomwe zili kunja kwa ma ponies ku Iceland zimapangitsa kuti azikhala ovuta, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kuzindikira kuti kunja kwa mtunduwo ndi kosiyana:

• kukula - mpaka 140 cm;
• kulemera - pafupifupi 350-400 makilogalamu;
• mutu - yaikulu ndi yamphamvu, yogwira khosi lalifupi ndi lakuda;
• torso - zoboola mbiya;
• chifuwa - lonse;
• miyendo - wamfupi ndi wolimba, ndi ziboda zolimba, koma zabwino kwambiri;
• mtundu - zikhoza kukhala zirizonse, koma nthawi zambiri pali anthu akuda ndi a bay.

Ndikofunikira! Maiko a Iceland amachedwa mofulumira - osati kale kuposa zaka 7-8, ngakhale kuti amakhala zaka zambiri-pafupifupi zaka 40.

Ku Iceland, mitundu yosiyanasiyanayi siinaganizidwe konse ndi mahatchi ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mahatchi ochuluka: mu ulimi, apolisi ndi maphunziro omwe akukwera m'masukulu oyendayenda. Kugawidwa kwakukulu kotereku kungathe kufotokozedwa ndi chikhalidwe chawo chokhudzidwa ndi chikhulupiliro cha anthu, zomwe, kuphatikiza ndi nzeru zakuya, zimapangitsa nyama kukhala othandizira kwambiri.

Kawirikawiri, mtundu uliwonse wa pony ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ndi anthu, ndipo zonse zomwe akufunikira kwa mwiniwake wam'tsogolo ndizodziwika ndi makhalidwe ake ndipo mofanana amagawira katunduyo. Mwa njira iyi nyamayo idzakhalabe yathanzi ndipo idzatumikira mwini wake mokhulupirika kwa zaka zambiri.