Azalea amasiya masamba: zifukwa zazikulu zogwiritsira ntchito zomera

Azalea ndi chomera chokongola chomwe chingakongoletse munda uliwonse kapena nyumba ndi mtundu wake. Zosiyana ndi maonekedwe ndi maonekedwe a maluwa nthawi zonse zimakondweretsa diso. Koma, monga zokongola zambiri, chomeracho ndi chopanda pake. Imodzi mwa mavuto omwe amagwirizanitsidwa ndi woimirira wa rhododendrons ndi foliar discharges.

Zamkatimu:

• Chifukwa chiyani azaleas zouma ndi kugwa masamba: zifukwa zazikulu
• Kusamalira bwino
• Machitidwe osalungama
• Kusindikiza pa maluwa
• Matenda a Zomera ndi Mitundu
• Zimene mungachite malinga ndi chifukwa
• Njira zothandizira

Malamulo a chisamaliro cha azalea

Monga tanena kale, chomeracho chili ndi "kupsa mtima" kovuta. Ngati mukufuna kuti maluwa akukondweretseni ndi maonekedwe ake oyenera, muyenera kudziwa za malamulo oyambirira a kulima.

Choyamba muyenera kupeza malo abwino ponena za kuunikira. Chomeracho chimakonda kuwala, koma kuwala kwa dzuwa kumatsutsana ndi izo.

Malo oyenera kwambiri kuyika duwa ndiwindo lawindo lomwe lili kumbali ya kum'maŵa. Ndizosafunika kwambiri kukhala nazo pazenera zikuyang'ana chakummwera, pokhapokha mutakhala pansi, ndipo mawindo anu amawombedwa ndi korona za mitengo. Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kupewa kuwala kwa dzuwa.

Panthawi ya mdulidwe (nthawi zambiri pakati pa autumn) iyenera kuwonjezeka. Mwinanso, mungagwiritse ntchito nyali za LED.

Mukudziwa? Wasayansi wotchuka wa ku Sweden Karl Linnaeus pakati pa zaka za XIV. Anasankha mitundu 6 mwa mitundu 9 ya rhododendrons yomwe imadziwika nthawi imeneyo ku banja losiyana - Azalea. Banja latsopanoli linali ndi mbali yapadera - oimira ake adataya masamba m'nyengo yozizira, mosiyana ndi mitundu itatu yotsalira ya rhododendron.

Chinthu china chofunika kwambiri ndi kutentha kwa mpweya. Chizindikiro chodziwika cha rhododendron ndi + 15 ... + 18 ° С. Pakuyambitsa masamba, kutentha kumachepetsedwa kukhala + 10 ... + 13 ° C. Mitengo yotentha imeneyi imathandiza kuti maluwa ambiri azikhala ndi maluwa ambiri.

Makamaka ayenera kulipira kwa chomera m'chilimwe. Kutentha kwa azaleas kumapweteka, ndibwino kuti tiiike pakhomo lotseguka (ngati kuwala kwa dzuwa sikugwera pamenepo) kapena pafupi ndi mpweya wabwino kutentha kufika kufika ku 21 ° C.

Maluwa ndi okonda chinyontho, kotero muyenera kuwaza nthawi zambiri ndi madzi ozizira. Pa nthawi ya maluwa, izi ziyenera kuchitidwa mosamala kwambiri, popeza ngakhale mitsinje yofooka imayambitsa maluwa. Ngati simukufuna kuika pangozi, mukhoza kukonza matanki otseguka pafupi nawo. Pakati pa nyengo yotentha, zida zoterezi zidzakuthandizani kuchotsa mdima wambiri.

Mukamwetsa muyenera kutsatira malamulo awa:

1. Chomera sichimalepheretsa kuyanika kwa nthaka, koma amakonda gawo lapansi lonyowa. Ngati dothi likadali louma, ikani maluwa mu chidebe ndi madzi (+ 26 ... + 28 ° C) kotero kuti mlingo wa madzi usapitirire gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mphikawo. Mu ma ola awiri mpaka 2,5.5, mphutsi imayenera kubwezeretsa madzi.
2. Pofuna kupewa chitukuko cha njira yovunda muzu, chotsani madzi onse otsala pamtsinje mutatha kuthirira.
3. Imwani maluwa ndi madzi osungunuka. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ofungunuka.
4. Pakatha masabata awiri, perekani madontho pang'ono a mandimu m'madzi kuti akuwetse. Njira imeneyi imathandiza kuti maluwa ambiri akhale ochuluka.

Azalea ndi imodzi mwa zomera zomwe zimakonda nyamayi yokhala ndi acidity, pH 4-4.5 imaonedwa ngati yachilendo. Chomera choterechi, chokonzedwa mwachindunji kuti chikhale chokwanira, chikhoza kugulidwa pa malo apadera ogulitsa.

Ndipo mukhoza kukonzekera kusakaniza nokha, mwachitsanzo, motere:

• coniferous humus - 50%;
• moss - 25%;
• mchenga - 25%.

Ndikofunikira! Palibe vuto ngati feteleza, kuphatikizapo chlorine, - Izi zidzatsogolera imfa ya maluwa. Njira yovomerezeka kwambiri - chida chapadera "Azalea". M'nyengo yozizira kudya ikuchitika mlungu uliwonse, nyengo yozizira - mwezi uliwonse. Manyowa a Potash ndi superphosphate amafunikira pa siteji ya mphukira yopanga maluwa ndi maluwa.

Musaiwale kuti uzitsine mmera nthawi, kuchotsa mphukira zosafunikira. Pamene azalea yasintha, muyenera kudula maluwa onse. Njirayi imapangidwira kupanga ma inflorescences ndikupatsa zomera.

Kuchokera theka lachiwiri la kasupe, mphukira zatsopano zichotsedwe kwa zina zowonjezera. Simungathe kuzungulira nthambi zonse, ndizokwanira kudula zomwe zinatambasula kuposa ena, ndiko kuti, ntchito yanu ndi kupereka ndi kusunga nyumba yowonjezera komanso yowonjezereka ya zomera zobiriwira. Pambuyo pa masiku khumi ndi awiri (10-15), maluwa atsopano amawonekera.

Pambuyo pa azalea imawombera nthawi yoyamba, ndizofunika kuziyika. Njirayi imayendetsedwa mosamala kuti asawononge mizu yabwino komanso yofooka. Pakuikapo ndikofunikira kusunga vodi yokwanira. Ndibwino kuti mutenge mphika m'malo mozama kwambiri, ndi mawu okwanira. Izi zimachitidwa kuti zitsimikizireni kuti mizu siimakula, koma ndiyitali, yomwe ili pafupi kwambiri ndi nthaka.

Video: Momwe mungasinthire azalea

Ndondomeko yowonjezera ya mbeu yachinyamata imachitika chaka ndi chaka, ndikwanira kubwezeretsanso zitsanzo zakale zaka zitatu. Pakuika, masamba owuma ndi maluwa achotsedwa.

Rhododendron imafalitsa ndi cuttings, ndipo ndi bwino kuchita izi mu chilimwe. Izi zimachitika motere: phesi (kamwana kachinyamata, kamene kakapulidwa ndi mtengo wochepa wa mtengo) imasiyanitsidwa ndi chomeracho ndipo imabzalidwa mu chidebe chosiyana ndi nthaka.

Mothandizidwa ndi zitsulo zamagalasi zimapanga mtundu wa wowonjezera kutentha, zomwe zimaphimba achinyamata kuthawa. Nthawi zonse madzi amathirira ndi kupopera mbewu, zimapanga madzi ozizira mkati mwa mtsuko. Mphukira zowonongeka ziyenera kuchotsedwa kotero kuti mmera umatsogolera mphamvu ku kukula ndi kupanga mawonekedwe a zobiriwira, osati kupanga mapepala. Pambuyo pa masabata 8-10, pamene mizu ikukula mokwanira ndi kulimbikitsidwa, mphukira imayikidwa mu mphika.

Werengani momwe mungachulukitsire azaleas.

Chifukwa chiyani azaleas zouma ndi kugwa masamba: zifukwa zazikulu

Ngati mwafotokozera mwachidule zowonongeka kwa masamba, angagawidwe m'magulu akulu akulu:

• chisamaliro chosayenera;
• zifukwa zotsutsana ndi zikhalidwe zomangidwa;
• kusamba kosayenera;
• mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matenda ndi tizirombo.

Kusamalira bwino

Ngati mupeza kuti mankhwala anu ayamba kufota, masamba ake amauma, amasanduka wakuda ndi kugwa, chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa chisamaliro cholakwika cha mbewu.

Pamene mukusamalira rhododendron, muyenera kukumbukira zinthu izi:

• Azalea amakonda kumwa madzi okwanira ndipo sangathe kulekerera nthaka, koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti dothi mumphika liyenera kusandulika kukhala mchenga, chifukwa mizu ya mbewuyo imamva kupweteka kwambiri kwa chinyezi;
• Masamba ofiira amasonyeza madzi okwanira;
• Chifukwa china chomwe chomeracho chitaya masamba, chikhoza kukhala feteleza cholakwika;
• Kuwombera masamba ndi kutsuka kwa masamba kungakhale chifukwa cha kuwonjezera kapena kusowa feteleza (makamaka phosphate).

Machitidwe osalungama

Zowonongeka kwambiri pakupanga zinthu zolima azaleas:

• masamba ouma omwe ali ndi mabala a bulauni amasonyeza kuti mpweya wotentha ndi wam'mwamba kwambiri;
• Mazira a azalea amatha kugwa chifukwa cha mpweya wouma kwambiri, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira, nyengo yotentha;
• Mpweya wouma kwambiri ukhoza kuyambitsa bulauni, pafupifupi msuzi wakuda pambali pa tsamba la azalea;
• Masamba ogwa bwino omwe amawombedwa amapezeka nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha kuwala kwa dzuwa komwe kumawoneka maluwa.

Kusindikiza pa maluwa

Chifukwa china chomwe sichikhoza kutulutsa masamba okhaokha, komanso kudwala kwa nthawi yayitali komanso imfa ya chomera, ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa panthawi ya maluwa. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zomera zonse, popeza kuika ndikumangirira, ndipo panthawi yamaluwa maluwa amafunika kukhazikitsa zinthu zomwe zimakhala zotonthoza komanso mtendere.

Mukudziwa? Mitundu yowonjezereka ya azaleas padziko lonse ndi Indian ndi Japanese. Malinga ndi dzinali, zikuwonekeratu kuti mayiko a South-East Asia ndi malo obadwira. Ngakhale mu chilengedwe pali mitundu ya maluwa okongola awa, omwe mu chikhalidwe chachilengedwe angapezeke ku America okha.

Matenda a Zomera ndi Mitundu

Matenda ndi zizindikiro zowopsa kwambiri zomwe azalea akudwala nazo:

1. Kutupa, kapena imvi kuvundaKaŵirikaŵiri zimapezeka pamene kutentha sikunayambe.
2. Ngati, kupatula kufota, maluwa akutembenukira chikasu ndikuwomberaChifukwa chake mwinamwake muli muyeso wabwino madzi.
3. Phytophthora Zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha chinyezi chokwanira.
4. Nkhumba ndi sitiroberi nthiti - majeremusi, omwe amapezeka nthawi zambiri pa rhododendron.
5. Brown, pafupifupi masamba akuda - chizindikiro chakuti duwa limakhudzidwa ndi bowa.

Zimene mungachite malinga ndi chifukwa

Olima odziwa bwino amalangiza kuti amvere malangizo awo pa kusamalira azalea kotero kuti ukhale wathanzi ndi wokongola:

1. Kutupa kapena nkhungu zakuda akhoza kuthetseratu mwa kusintha momwe kutentha kwa mpweya kumagwirira ntchito. Ndifunikanso kuchotsa masamba omwe anakhudzidwa.
2. Mavuto omwe amachitidwa madzi okwanira a khalidwe losauka, ndizotheka kuti muyambe kumwa madzi owiritsa ndi kuwonjezera pa feteleza zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera.
3. Pankhani ya kangaude ndi nthata za sitiroberi, komanso shitovki zochita ayenera kuchita izi: konzani zobiriwira za mbeuyo ndi njira yothetsera sopo. Sungunulani yankho ndi madzi ofunda ndikuchiza tizilombo.
4. Ngati pa chifukwa china nthaka yothira ndi yowuma Pang'ono, mkhalidwewo ukhoza kusinthidwa mwa kuthirira pa peat. Ngati nthaka yasanduka bedi lolimba, ikhoza kuthandizira (komanso ngakhale nthawizonse) malo okhazikika mu thanki ndi madzi, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa.
5. Ngati pali mavuto okhudzana ndi pamwamba-ulimi wothirira, iyenera kuimitsidwa kwa kanthaŵi, ndipo duwa limakhala m'malo ouma mpweya, koma osati kutentha kwakukulu.
6. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito fetereza muyenera kukumbukira kuti azalea amakonda nthaka yowawa ndipo, motero, salola zinthu zowonjezereka zophatikizapo calcium. Pano izi ziyenera kunenedwa za kusavomerezeka kwa kubzala rhododendron mu gawo la laimu. Opaleshoni yotereyi ikhoza kutsogolera chlorosis ndi imfa ya chomera.
7. Kusintha (kukulitsa ku mphika wina) ziyenera kuchitika kokha pambuyo poti zomera zatha.
8. Zikakhala zochitika ndi chitukuko matenda omwe amabwera ndi bowa, chotsani masamba okhudzidwa ndi kuchiza azalea molingana ndi malangizo a fungicidal agents.
9. Ngati masamba akugwa ofiira amapezeka, samverani zikhalidwe zomangidwa. Ngati maluwawo amadziwika ndi dzuwa, yendani kumalo ena. Ngati ndi kuunika chirichonse ndi chachibadwa, chifukwa chake chimakhala mukudyetsa. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito feteleza molakwa, perekani chomeracho m'mimba mwachitsulo kuti pakhale mtunda pakati pa pansi pa mphika ndi pansi pa mapepala a mvula yamadzi. Kenaka tsitsani madzi ambiri otentha pa nthaka - kotero kuti feteleza owonjezera amachoka ndi madzi owonjezera. Pambuyo pake muyenera kudzaza gawolo. Ngati simunayamwitse azalea konse, chitani, choyamba, ndi phosphate feteleza.

Ndikofunikira! Ndi bwino kupanga choyamba choyamba mutagula chomera m'masitolo (mwinamwake sanasamalidwe bwino pamenepo), koma ngati azalea akuphulika, njirayi iyenera kusinthidwa. Ngati mutapeza zizindikiro zomveka zosamalidwa bwino (nthaka yosungunuka, mchere wa salting kapena nkhungu), mukufunika kuisintha maluwa, mutachotsa maluwa.

Njira zothandizira

Pofuna kuteteza azalea kutaya mtundu wake wobiriwira, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira zowononga:

1. Njira yabwino yopezera ndondomeko yotsekera kundende (kuwala, chinyezi, kutentha kwa mpweya) komanso kusamalira bwino.
2. Thirani moyenera nthaka (yofewa, mukhoza kuwiritsa kapena kusungunuka, madzi ozizira), sungani bwino, musalole kuti iume ndi kupitirira.
3. Kumbukirani kuti azalea amakonda gawo losavuta ndipo salola kulemala, komanso feteleza omwe ali ndi calcium.
4. Pangani ngalande yabwino, yomwe ikhoza kuchotsa chinyezi chochuluka kuchokera ku mizu.
5. Mukamapopera mankhwala, musalole madontho akulu pamaluwawo. Mosiyana ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, mukhoza kuika matanki a madzi pambali pawo.
6. Tsatirani malamulo oyendetsera maluwa pamene mukuwaza.
7. M'chilimwe, azalea amafunikira mpumulo wokwanira, amafunikira kutentha ndi chinyezi, zomwe zimapangidwa bwino m'munda.
8. Asanayambe ndi mtsogolo, azalea ayenera kudyetsedwa mwachindunji pofuna kutanthauza izi.
9. Musasinthe malo a azaleas pa nthawi ya maluwa.

Tsopano mukudziwa zomwe mungachite ngati azaleas yako itembenuka chikasu ndipo masamba anayamba kutha. N'zoona kuti ndibwino kuti musamvetsetse vutoli, koma kuti muzitsatira ndondomeko ya ndende komanso chitetezo.