Balsamu - chomera chokongoletsera choyenera kukula pakhomo ndi kumunda. Pali mitundu yambiri ya maluĊµa awa, kotero nyakulima amakhala ndi chisankho. Mwala wotchedwa Balsam Waller kapena Waller wotchuka kwambiri. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, chifukwa cha kutuluka kwake kwa zinyama zosakanizidwa, izi zamasamba zakhazikitsidwa bwino monga munda wamunda, wodzichepetsa ndi wokondweretsa ndi mitundu yake yowala.
Nkhaniyi ikuuzeni za balsamu wamaluwa, momwe mungasamalire, ndi mavuto otani omwe mungakumane nawo akakulira, ndi matenda ndi tizirombo zomwe zingawononge maluwa.
Malongosoledwe a botaniki ndi mbiriyakale
Mafuta a basamu amachokera m'nkhalango za Asia ndi Africa. Awa ndi zomera zomwe zimakonda kutentha kwambiri zomwe zimakonda chinyezi. Balsam Waller (Impatiens walleriana) yakhala ikukula mwakulira ngati nyumba. Anthu amamutcha kuti Vanka wothira (pali madontho ang'onoang'ono a chinyezi pa nsonga za masamba) ndi Impatiens (akakhudzidwa, "amabalalitsa" mbeu).
Kawirikawiri, Waller's balsams ndi yachikale, yokhayo yomwe imakula pazenera, ndi wosakanizidwa, yoyenera mabedi. Kachiwiri kakang'ono (masentimita 15-30), okongola kwambiri komanso maluwa ambiri. Amatsutsana ndi kusinthasintha kwa kutentha ndi chinyezi, akhoza kulekerera kutentha m'munda wamaluwa. Amathanso kukula pakhomo, pawindo lowala lomwe likufalikira ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira.
Thandizo! Zing'onoting'ono zingathe kugulitsidwa m'masitolo ogulitsa, zikuwoneka bwino mu miphika yopachika.
Kufotokozera maonekedwe ndi zinthu
Izi ndi zosatha (m'madera otentha) chitsamba chokhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 20 mpaka 60. Iye ali wowongoka yowutsa zimayambira, kwambiri branched. Masambawa ndi aakulu, akuluakulu, ovundala, mawonekedwe kumapeto, okhala ndi mzere wambiri ndi kuwala kobiriwira.
Kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi masentimita 10. Maluwa amatha masentimita 4 m'mimba mwake, kaya akhale osakwatira kapena osonkhanitsidwa m'magulu ochepa. Ma pedicels nthawi yaitali. Iwo enieni Maluwa akhoza kukhala ophweka kapena terry ndi mithunzi yosiyanasiyana (kawirikawiri wofiira kapena pinki).
Zing'onoting'ono ndizochepera - kuchokera pa masentimita 15 mpaka 30, kuwonjezera mphamvu, kupereka mitundu yambiri, mithunzi yosiyanasiyana ya gamma. Imakula mwamsanga, imamera maluwa kumayambiriro ndikukongoletsera m'munda chilimwe. M'malo mopanda ulemu, amatha kukula mumthunzi.
Chithunzi cha maluwa mkati - Vanya chonyowa
Ndiye inu mukhoza kuwona momwe Balsamu ya Waller imawoneka ngati chithunzi.
Kukula zovuta
Mitundu imeneyi ili ndi mavuto ena. Mavuto ambiri omwe ali ndi basamu ya Waller alembedwa pansipa..
- Masamba aang'ono, otumbululuka. Zambiri zimayambira. Kuperewera kwa zakudya, mphika wochepa, kutentha kwakukulu, kusowa kwauni.
- Masamba amagwa, kupotoka, mapesi kuvunda. Kutentha, kutentha kwakukulu.
- Masamba auma ndi kugwa. Mpweya wouma, kutentha kwakukulu.
- Kutaya tsamba la masamba. Kupanda kuunikira.
- Kufooka maluwa kapena kusowa kwake. Kupanda kuunikira, zakudya kapena feteleza mopitirira muyeso, makamaka nayitrogeni.
- Kuphulika maluwa. Kutentha, kuzizira, kuyendetsa nthaka, mphika wawukulu kwambiri, posankha bwino nthawi yosankha.
Ndi mavuto onsewa mungathe kuthana nawo ngati mwayang'anitsitsa mkhalidwe wa chomera nthawi ndi kuchita.
Malamulo ndi malingaliro pa kukwera kwa malo
Zimakhulupirira kuti Maluwa a basamu amavuta kukula kuchokera ku mbewu. Inde, ayenera kufesedwa mu Januwale kapena pakati pa mwezi wa March, ngati ali otsimikiza mu khalidwe, mchenga kapena osakaniza ndi peat, pansi pa zofunikira zowonjezera. Komanso, nyembazo zimapezeka pamwamba pa nthaka, zimangowonjezera pang'ono, ndipo pamwamba pa mphika ziyenera kujambulidwa ndi filimu kuti imere bwino.
Kuchotsa mchere ndi kofunikira kuti ugwedezeke, kuti asadwala matenda a fungal. Kutentha kumafunika kukhala kutentha, pafupifupi madigiri 25. Mphukira imatenga masiku asanu ndi awiri kapena asanu ndi awiri, pamene ndi kofunika kuteteza chinyezi ndi kumera mbande. Kuti asatambasule, muyenera kuchepetsa kutentha kwa madigiri 17.
Mu mbande yotseguka nthaka ya balsamu Maluwa anagulitsidwa mu Junepamene mwayi wa chisanu kwa zomera zobiriwira umatha.
Thandizo! Mukhozanso kukula kuchokera ku cuttings, kudula mu kugwa. Iwo amakula miphika monga zomera zapakati, ndipo m'chaka akhoza kuikidwa kapena kuchoka ngati n'kofunidwa kunyumba. Zofunikira pa nthaka ndi zofanana ndizo.
Kuunikira ndi malo
Kukula bwino penumbra ndi kumadera owala. Zoona, mu dzuwa, kumene zomera zimatha kutentha masamba, ndibwino kuti musabzalidwe. Thermophilic, silingalole kutentha pansi pa madigiri 5. Malo abwino kwambiri otsetsereka ndi otsetsereka kumene dzuwa limachedwa kwa maola angapo patsiku, osati kuposa. Ngati balsamu ya Waller ikukula pakhomo, sankhani njira iliyonse pazenera, kupatula kumwera. Kutentha sikuyenera kugwa pansipa madigiri 22-25.
Zosowa za nthaka
Amakonda kuwala, nthaka yachonde.. Sitilekerera chinyezi chokwanira, kotero ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa kuchepa. Ndi bwino kumwa madzi madzulo kuti asatenthe masamba. Wakulira pakhomo, munthu sayenera kuiwala za feteleza nthaka ndi feteleza, koma mu ndalama zochepa osati nthawi zambiri.
Kunyumba ndi kusamalira kunja
Balsam Waller m'malo modzichepetsa, sikutanthauza chisamaliro chowonjezeka. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa, koma osati mopitirira muyeso. M'nyengo yozizira, chifukwa cha potted baka, kuthirira kuchepa, opangidwa pambuyo dziko dries. Masamba akhoza kutsukidwa, chinthu chachikulu - osati pa kugunda kwa dzuwa. Manyowa kuyambira March mpaka September milungu iwiri iliyonse, ngati duwa libzalidwa lotseguka.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti zimayambira ndipo masamba ndi ofooka kwambiri chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa madzi.Choncho, ayenera kumera pafupi, monga kuthandizidwa ndi mphepo, kapena m'madera opanda mphepo. Ndi bwino kuchotsa masamba osweka kuti asunge mawonekedwe okongola ndikupatsa maluwa maluwa omasuka.
M'dzinja, pamaso pa chisanu, munda wamaluwa wamitundu yosiyanasiyana umaphimbidwa, ndipo miphika imayikidwa mu chipinda chofunda. Sikoyenera kuika kuchokera kumunda kupita ku chidebe, ndibwino kuti muzuke zidutswa zazitsamba zomwe zimakula pambuyo pake.
Matenda wamba ndi tizirombo
Ngati mukumvera zovuta zonse, Waller's Waller sichidzapweteka. Komabe, ngati muwaphwanya, mavuto ena amabwera ndi masamba, mizu kapena maluwa.
Mwa tizirombo makamaka osiyana aphid, kangaude mite ndi whitefly. Yachiwiri imawonekera nthawi zambiri mu nyengo yotentha. Madzi osambira ndi yankho la acaricide limamuthandiza. Kuyambira nsabwe za m'masamba ndi whiteflies relieves kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa mankhwala Aktara, Aktellik, Konfidor, Bi-58.
Zinthu zoberekera
Chomerachi chimakula makamaka kuchokera ku mbewu.. Tengani mbewu zatsopano, zapamwamba kwambiri. Sagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchokera ku hybrids, chifukwa sangapereke katundu wa makolo. Komanso zimafalitsidwa ndi cuttings zomwe zinachokera mu masabata awiri kapena awiri.
Saloledwa kukhala ndi mchere wochuluka m'nthaka ndikukhala ndi chinyezi komanso kuwala kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kuchokera ku cuttings mungathe kumanga chitsamba cha nyumba popanda mavuto. Njira imeneyi ndi yabwino kwa oyambirira wamaluwa chifukwa cha kuphweka kwakukulu.
Basamu wa Waller - chomera chokongola ndi chokhazikika chomwe chingakongoletse munda uliwonse kapena nyumba. Kudzichepetsa kwake komanso kusamalidwa bwino kwake kunamuthandiza kukhala wotchuka kwambiri ndi wamaluwa. Mafuta a basamu a mitundu yosiyanasiyana adzapereka zabwino zokhazokha ndipo adzakhala chimodzi mwa zokondedwa pakati pa zomera zina.
Tikukupemphani kuti muwone vidiyo yokhudzana ndi kufalikira kwa balsamu ya Waller ku mbeu:
