Begonia ndi chomera chokongola chomwe chingakulire kunyumba, pabwalo ndi m'munda. Alangizi ambiri amadzimadzi sakudziwa momwe angayendetsere begonias - njira zomwe simungathe kukula maluwa.
Begonia amafunikira chisamaliro kuchokera pachiyambi cha kukula. Chomeracho chimakoka nthambi mofulumira, ndipo ngati simugonjetsa ndondomekoyi mu nthawi, mphamvu zonse za begonias zidzalowa mu nthambi, osati m'masamba ndi korona.
Kukonza kumachitika molingana ndi mawonekedwe omwe mukufuna. Begonias, omwe mphukira zake zafikira 10 masentimita, ziyenera kudulidwa pamwamba pa masamba a pamwamba. Pambuyo pochita kudulira moyenera mu masabata awiri mphukira zouma zimayamba kuonekera.
Kodi kudulira ndi chiyani?
Chinthu chimodzi mwa zomera ndi kukula kwawo kosalekeza pamaso pa zakudya zofunikira m'nthaka. M'kupita kwa nthawi, maluwa amkati amatha kukongola chifukwa cha kukula kwa nthambi, zimakhala zokhumudwitsa ndikusiya kusangalatsa diso. Nthambi zakale zimataya mphamvu zawo ndikuzitenga kwa achinyamata, zomwe zimawalepheretsa kukula.
Kudula zitsamba zowonjezera kumawoneka bwino, kumayambitsa kukula kwa mphukira zazing'ono, zimakulolani kuti mukhalebe pakati pa mlengalenga ndi pansi. Mu maluwa, kudulira kumathandizira kupanga korona wamaluwa, kuchotsa maluwa owonjezera, kapena ngakhale kuchepetsa peduncle kuti akhalebe wathanzi. Kusinthanitsa kumakhala kosiyana ndi kuti mphukira yochepa chabe ya mphukira imachotsedwa.. Pamene impso (apical) impso imachotsedwa, zomwe zimatchedwa "zopuma" zowonongeka.
Kusinthanitsa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuonjezera nthambi ya chomera, ndipo kudulira kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonzanso ndi kupanga korona.
Kuphatikizana mu begonias kumachitika pamene palibe kuthekera kudulira, mwachitsanzo, mu zomera zazing'ono kwambiri.
Tchire tating'ono sitinakhalepo ndi mphukira yakale yomwe imayenera kudulidwa. Pindani imakulolani kuti mupange korona wa mawonekedwe oyenera.
Mitengo ya mbewu imayenera kudulira chifukwa amayamba kukula ndi kusamba masamba.
Kodi mungachotse bwanji mphukira zosafunikira musanafike maluwa?
- Poganizira za kudula begonia, nkofunika kukumbukira kuti si mitundu yonse yomwe imapanga kudulira ndi kudulira. Pali mitundu yosafunikira njira (mwachitsanzo, Royal Rex).
- Kudulira komwe kumachitika ndi shears. Musagule nthambiyi ndi mkasi komanso kuvulaza - kuvulala koteroko sikupindulitsa begonias.
- Mu yokongola masamba kudula maluwa mphukira.
- Kudulira kumachitika pamene nthambi zimatambasulidwa.
- Mukasamalira mitundu ya ampel, nsongazo zimadulidwa nthawi zonse.
- Krona imayamba kupanga nthawi yomweyo mutagula zomera.
- Njira ziwirizi zikuchitika musanafike maluwa kapena mwamsanga.
- Ndiloyenera kuchotsa kuyanika maluwa mapesi ndi kuyanika masamba (chifukwa chake begonias ali ndi masamba otchingidwa ndi zomwe zikuyenera kuchitika, werengani apa).
- Musamapange nthawi yomweyo ndikuikapo mitengo ndi kudulira - kuwirikiza maganizo kumayambitsa maluwa.
Ndikofunika kuti choyamba chodula chomeracho, dikirani kuyamba kwa kukula kwa mphukira, ndipo pokhapokha mutatha kuyika mu nthaka yatsopano. Kusambala kumatha kukhazikitsanso kumayambiriro kwa masika kusanayambe kukula kwachangu., ndipo patapita nthawi yowonongeka kuti athetse mphukira zosafunika ndi zosafunika.
- Khwerero ndi sitepe malangizo kwa kuswana chipinda begonias rooting.
- Zinsinsi za kutuka bwino kwa begonias kunyumba.
- Zomwe zimapangidwira begonias. Chisamaliro cha mbeuyo mutatha njirayi.
- Malangizo ndi zidule zomwe mungachite ngati begonia yatha. Mbali za kukonzekera kudzutsidwa.
- Momwe mungamere pakhomo begonia, kotero anali wokongola komanso wathanzi?
Kodi ndingasinthe?
- Kusinthanitsa kumachitika mu kasupe musanayambe maluwa, kapena mwamsanga mutatha maluwa kumapeto kwa chilimwe.
- Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi lumo lakuthwa kapena pruner. Kusinthanitsa kumachitidwa ndi manja, koma izi zingawononge zimayambira.
- Pakati pa mphukira ndi wamng'ono kwambiri komanso wosasunthika.
- Lembani pamwamba pa mphukira kufika koyamba kuchokera pamwamba pa mphukira yotsatira - kawirikawiri sizoposa 2-3 masentimita.
Kuchotsa nthambi za maluwa okongola
Pakuti zabwino ndi zokongola maluwa kudulira chipinda begonias m'nyengo yozizira. (za chifukwa chake begonia sizimafalikira ndi momwe ungakwaniritsire masamba okongola, mukhoza kupeza apa). Nthawi yoyamba ikuchitika pamene chomera chikufika kutalika kwa 8-10 masentimita.
Nsongayi imakonzedwa kuti ikule bwino kukula kwa phokoso losakanikirana. Kudulira kwachiwiri kumachitika ndi kukula kwa 12-15 masentimita kwa nthambi. Ikhoza kusinthidwa ndi uzitsine.
Panthawi ino, korona yamaluwa yamtsogolo imapangidwa. Kudulira kwina kumaphatikizapo pamene mphukira imabwerera ndi kukhwima. Nthaŵi zina mapesi angapo a maluwa amawombera maluwa ochulukirapo komanso ochulukirapo. Krona nthawi zonse imadulidwa, kuchotsa mphukira yakale komanso yowonjezereka, yaying'ono - kutsinthana ku nthambi.
Kudulira kwa dzinja kuyenera kuchitidwa mu tuberous begonias, mu mitundu ina - podziwa kwa alimi. Kuzizira kwa nyengo kumakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndi zomera zambiri.
Timapereka kuwonera kanema ponena za kuchotsedwa koyenera kwa nthambi za begonia:
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji ndondomekoyi?
Pofuna kupewa matendawa kuti asalowe m'londa, zigawo zimagwidwa ndi nkhuni zakuda kapena phulusa, phulusa. Nthawi zina malo odulidwa amatha masiku angapo ndi makutu ovala. Pambuyo kudulira mbewu, timakhala ndi nthawi yochepa yopumula.. Chophika chokhala ndi begonia chili ndi mthunzi - chimayikidwa pambali mwa nyumba kapena chitetezo. Chiwerengero ndifupipafupi cha ulimi wothirira zimachepa.
Boma la ulimi wothirira likubweranso pang'onopang'ono pambuyo pake. Pambuyo pobwezeretsa njira yothirira, chomeracho chiyenera kudyetsa. Sikoyenera kuti tichite zimenezi m'nyengo yozizira, ndi bwino kudyetsa begonia kumayambiriro ndi nyengo ya chilimwe. Kuperewera kwa mankhwala sikoyenera, chifukwa kuyambika kwa zakudya zina zimapangitsa pH (acidity) ya nthaka. Mavitamini a feteleza ndi abwino kwambiri.
Kudulira ndi njira yofunikira yopangira chitsamba chabwino komanso chokongola.. Pakali pano palibe chovuta, ndipo wofuna kukula akhoza kuchigwira. Pogwiritsa ntchito bwino kudulira ndi kudulira, poganizira zosiyanasiyana ndi nyengo, mukhoza kupeza chomera chachikulu, chosangalatsa diso kwa zaka zambiri.
