Nchifukwa chiyani tuberous begonia sizimafalikira komanso choti achite? Kufotokozera, kupewa ndi kuchiza matenda opatsirana

Tuberous begonia ndi mmodzi wa mabungwe okongola kwambiri a begonias a banja lino, otchuka chifukwa amatha kusunga ngakhale mdima wambiri mwa chipindamo ndikupanga mpweya wokongola m'nyumba.

Taganizirani nkhaniyi, ndi mavuto omwe mungakumane nawo, ndikukula maluwa. Kapena, ngati maluwa kapena maluwa atayamba kugwa pa tuberous begonia, muyenera kuchita chiyani ngati masamba atsekedwa ndi owuma.

Komanso, chifukwa chake chomeracho sichimasiya masamba kapena safuna kuwamasula konse. Mu chithunzicho mungathe kuona momwe maluwawo amawonekera atakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo kapena matenda.

Zida

Mtundu wa tuberous begonia umangodabwa kwambiri ndi kuwala kwake komanso kosavuta, kuyambira ndi mithunzi yonyezimira komanso kumapeto kwake. Tsamba la begonia liri ndi mawonekedwe osakanikirana, ophimbidwa ndi tsitsi laling'ono. Tsinde la duwa ndi lamadzi, madzi, kukula kwakukulu. Tsinde ili lakonzedwa kuti lizisunga chinyezi mu chomera ndi kusunga masamba aakulu.

Koma, ngakhale kuti maluwawo amaoneka bwino bwanji, sangathe kudziphimba yekha ndi tizirombo tomwe timayambitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Werengani pansipa ngati mukufuna kuphunzira momwe mungathandizire chomera chanu kuthawa kuzilombo zosafunika ndi matenda.

Kuthamangira ku matenda

Posamalira bwino komanso koyenera, tuberous begonia sizimasintha kawirikawiri, makamaka ngati ikukula mnyumba, koma tizirombo kapena matenda angabweretse mbewu nthawi iliyonse, chifukwa tingawaike pa zovala kapena nsapato. Tiyeni tione momwe matenda ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono amadziwonetsera okha, ndi momwe tingamenyane nawo pambuyo pake.

Kodi mungatani mukawona maluwa akugwa?

Choyamba muyenera kumvetsa zomwe zingatumikire izi, chifukwa zifukwa za khalidwe ili la zomera ndizochuluka. Nazi ena mwa iwo:

1. Maluwawo sakhala omasuka kwambiri m'deralo (malo kapena chisamaliro choti mumupatse).
2. Kusuntha kawirikawiri kwa maluwa kuchokera malo ndi malo.
3. Matenda ndi tizirombo.

Ngati masamba atayamba kugwa mu tuberous begonia, ndiye choyamba chofunika kusintha zinthu zomwe zimakonzedwa. Sinthani ndondomeko ya kuthirira ndikuyang'ana kutentha kwa mpweya. M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kuthetseratu kuthirira kwa mitundu iyi, chifukwa chomera pa nthawi ino hibernates (momwe mungasunge bwino tuberous begonia m'nyengo yozizira, werengani apa). M'chilimwe, duwa limafuna kuthirira madzi ambiri, koma osapanga madzi ochulukirapo, izi zingachititse zotsatira zina zambiri.

Kutentha kwambiri kwa tuberous begonias: madigiri 20-23 - m'chilimwe, 16-18 madigiri - m'nyengo yozizira. Ngati kutentha kuli kosavuta, masamba a mbewuyo amayamba kugwa.

Maluwa sakonda kuwonongeka kwa dzuwa, choncho ndi bwino kupeza malo pomwe kuwala kuli kovuta. Chisankho cholondola chikanakhala kupeza chomera kumbali ya kumpoto pofuna kupewa kutentha kuchokera ku dzuwa lotenthedwa. Ngati tuberous begonia imafooka (masamba osawerengeka ndi masamba ochepa), ndiye kuti mukufunika kupanga feteleza mchere.

Chenjerani! Pewani nayitrogeni feteleza omwe amalepheretsa kwambiri kupanga mapangidwe.

Ngati duwa limagwa, mwinamwake chomeracho chinawoneka tizirombo. Ambiri ndi awa:

• Mame a Mealy. Mphukira yazing'ono ndi zimayambira zimaoneka mdima wonyezimira kapena wofiira, wofanana ndi nkhungu.

  Matendawa amapezeka chifukwa cha madzi okwanira komanso madzi ochuluka, kotero kupulumutsa duwa ndiko kuchepetsa kuthirira ndi kuyeretsa madera omwe ali ndi kachirombo ka HIV.

• Bakiteriya kuona. Kumbuyo kwa pepala, kumakhala madontho aang'ono amodzi, mawonekedwe ofanana ndi zidutswa za galasi.
• Macheza. Mawanga achikasu-chikasu ndi mitsempha yambiri imayang'ana pa masamba a duwa. Zonsezi zingasinthe kukhala mawanga a golide bulauni ndi imfa.

  Pamene mphete ndi bakiteriya zakhudza zomera zimathetsedwa, kotero kuti matenda sapita ku maluwa ena ndipo sangawavulaze. Pambuyo pake dziko lapansi limatetezedwa bwinobwino.

• Tsabola wofiira ndi aphid. Pankhaniyi, tuberous begonia ikhoza kuthandiza chithandizo pokhapokha kukonzekera.

Mitengo imagwa

Chifukwa cha kugwa kwa masamba mu tuberous begonia chikhoza kukhala chimodzimodzi ndi pamene maluwa enieni agwa:

1. Kusakwanira kwa microclimate. Ngati zikhalidwe za ndende zili zolakwika, ndiye kuti muyenera kumvetsera. M'madera ake, duwa limakhala m'malo amvula - nkhalango za m'madera otentha, madera otentha, ndi mpweya wakumunda ndi owuma kwambiri pa chomera ichi.

   Pofuna kupewa chochitika chotero ndikusangalala pachimake chaka chonse, tuberous begonia iyenera kukonzedwa bwinobwino.

2. Chosowa chamchere. Tuberous begonia imakula mofulumira ndipo posakhalitsa imasowa zakudya zowonjezera.

   Ngati simukufuna kuti chomera chanu chisavutike, ndiye kuti, poyambira, ndi bwino kusankha nthaka yotengera zomera. Ichi ndi chisakanizo chokhala ndi mbali zofanana za nthaka, tsamba ndi sod ndi kuwonjezera pa peat ndi mchenga. Chilengedwechi chidzathandiza kuti maluwa azikhala bwino. Zovuta za feteleza zamchere, monga Kemira Lux, zidzatithandizanso kuthetsa vutoli.

   Ndikofunikira! Ndi bwino kupanga njira zotere ndi magolovesi.
3. Kuthana ndi majeremusi ndi matenda. Chofala kwambiri ndi zizindikirozi ndizovunda ndi powdery mildew.

   Kuteteza izi kumathandiza kuthandizira pa nthawi yoyamba ya begonias Bordeaux kusakaniza (mkuwa wophimba fungicide) kapena yankho lokhala ndi sopo (20g), vitriol buluu (2g), utasungunuka mu madzi okwanira 1 litre. Matenda opitilira bwino amapangidwa ndi 1% yankho la "Fundazol."

Kodi masamba otchingidwa ndi momwe angayendetsere ndi chiyani?

Masamba a tuberous begonias akhoza kupopera pothandizidwa ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zingawoneke pakapita nthawi, kenako nkuchotsedwa.

• Kuthirira Masamba amathyoledwa pokhapokha ngati alibe kusowa kwa madzi; izi zimakhala chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa tuberous begonia kutulutsa chinyezi. Kuwunika mlingo wa chinyezi ndiko kuyika chidebe ndi maluwa mu chotengera ndi chonyowa chowonjezera dongo.
• Mphamvu. Pofuna kupewa zovuta ngati zimenezi, zimangokwanira kudyetsa kawiri pachaka ndi zovuta kupanga kapena potaziyamu nitrate.
• Phika. Mukayamba kubzala, simungabzala begonia mu mphika waukulu kwambiri. Kukula kwakukulu kwa akuluakulu akuluakulu a tuberous begonias kumachoka pa masentimita 8 mpaka 10. Phika yabwino kwambiri idzakhala yopangidwa ndi zitsulo.
• Matenda ndi tizirombo. Matenda ambiri ndi "Mealy dew". Vuto lalikulu ndikumangirira kwake. Choyamba, pachimake choyera pamakhala masamba, posakhalitsa amatha kuuma ndikupangitsa tsamba kuti liume, kuti likhale lopota.
• Nthaka Chomwe chimayambitsa tsamba lokhalira masamba lomwe limagwirizana ndi dothi lingakhale losangalala ndi osakwanira looseness. Chifukwa china chingakhale chodetsa cholakwika cha nthaka, chifukwa cha kusowa kwa chinthu chirichonse, kapena kuphwanya kusakaniza teknoloji.

Ngati mutapeza kusintha kwa mawonekedwe a tuberous begonia musamachite mantha. Muyenera kukonzekera zochita zanu ndi kuyamba kumenyana nazo.

Choyamba muyenera kuzindikira chifukwa chake, chingatithandize kupeza njira zothetsera nkhondo. Choncho mwachitsanzo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndipo pa nkhani ya mphika wosayenera, m'malo mwake. Momwemonso, izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa inu.

Kodi mungatani ngati masamba akuuma?

Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za chisamaliro chosayenera chingakhale kusintha kwakukulu m'mkhalidwe (momwe mungasamalire bwino tuberous begonia kunyumba ndi kunja, werengani pano, ndipo kuchokera m'nkhaniyi muphunziranso za kukula kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera). Maluwa akhoza kukhala opsinjika kwambiri ngati atasunthika kuchokera kumalo osiyanasiyana. Ngati mutasunthira ndikuyamba kuona kuti masamba owumawo akuoneka bwino, ndi bwino kubwezeretsa chomeracho kumalo ake oyambirira, kapena kuli kowala kokwanira komanso kusowa kwazithunzi.

Ngati chomeracho chimauma youma m'nyengo yozizira, ndiye chifukwa chomwecho chimakhala chokhazika mtima pansi. Choncho, m'nyengo yozizira, tuberous begonia ndi yabwino kwambiri kupatula kutentha zipangizo kapena kupopera tsiku lililonse, musalole masambawo kuti aziuma.

Nchifukwa chiyani zomera sizimaphuka kapena zimasiya kufalikira?

Nthawi zambiri zimatha kudalira zomera, zambiri zimadalira chisamaliro cholondola (mungathe kuphunzira za zomwe zabzala ndi kukula kukula begonias m'nyumba ya Bolivia ndi chiwembu apa, ndipo kuchokera mu nkhaniyi mudzaphunzira za ampelous begonia ndi momwe mungasamalirire). Panthawiyi timalingalira zifukwa zomwe tuberous begonia silingathe, ndi zomwe tingachite kuti tipewe vutoli.

1. Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zingakhale zaka za mbewu. Begonias ikhoza kusamba kwambiri ngati pali mphete zisanu pa zimayambira. Ngati munagula chomera chochepa, ndiye kuti maluwa sangakhale otalika ndipo adzakondweretsani inu ndi nthawi yake maluwa musanafike msinkhu.
2. Kusasoŵa kwa dzuwa. Kuunikira bwino kumakhudza osati thanzi la maluwa okha, komanso maluwa ake ambiri. Konzani tuberous begonia pamalo abwino kwambiri kuti muteteze vutoli.

   Chenjerani! Ndi bwino kuganizira kuti dzuwa limatentha masamba ndi masamba. Sulani nyemba kuti musapeze zofanana ndizo kapena musankhe kum'mwera chakum'mawa ndi kum'mwera chakumadzulo.
3. Kutentha kwa mpweya Ngati mpweya uli wouma kwambiri, zomera sizidzangoleka maluwa, komanso zimayamba kuuma. Mukhoza kulepheretsa izi kupopera kapena kupaka chidebe chokongoletsa ndi madzi pafupi ndi chomera.
4. Kutentha kwa kutentha ndi zojambula. Momwe mungapangire chomera chokonda kutentha kuti chiphuphu mu mkhalidwe wa kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha? N'kosatheka. Choncho, m'pofunika kusunga tuberous begonia mu omasuka zinthu kwa izo, kupewa nthawi zonse drafts ndi kutentha kusintha.
5. Manyowa owonjezera. Maluwa sudzaphulika ngati alibe malo oti atenge mphamvu zina ndi kusowa kwa zinthu zothandiza m'nthaka. Izi zingathetsedwe mwa kuwonjezera feteleza kunthaka.

   Tsatirani malangizo monga feteleza mopitirira muyeso siingapangitse kukula kwachithunzi, koma kumathandizanso kuwonjezereka kwakukulu kwa mizu.

6. Kukhalapo kwa tizirombo. M'nyengo yotentha, monga lamulo, tuberous begonia imachitika mumsewu. Choncho, duwa liyenera kuyesedwa nthawi zonse kuti likhalepo. Acaricides ndi tizirombo zingakuthandizeni polimbana ndi zilonda zoterezi. Muyenera kuyendetsa duwa nthawi zambiri.

Matenda ena ndi tizirombo

Flower loteteza chitetezo imatha kufooketsa pa zifukwa zingapo. Pa nthawiyi, ali pachiopsezo cha matenda osiyanasiyana.

Mu njira zambiri, matendawa ndi chithandizo cha mankhwala awo zimadalira chitetezo cha zomera. Ngati amamwetsa ndi kudyetsedwa nthawi zonse, ndiye kuti zidzakhala zosavuta kwambiri kumenyana ndi matenda, chifukwa chomeracho chidzakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zotsutsa kugonjetsedwa.

Matenda opatsirana ndi awa:

• Bakiteriya kuona.
• Macheza.
• Black mizu zowola.
• Vascular bacteriosis.

Matenda a tizilombo:

• Shchitovka ndi zonyenga.
• Hothouse whitefly.
• Gallic ndi mapepala amtundu.
• Mtsuko wamagazi wofiira.
• Aphid wowonjezera kutentha.
• Hothouse amatha.

Chithunzi

Kuwonjezera pa chithunzi mungathe kuona zitsanzo za kugonjetsedwa kwa tuberous begonia ndi matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizirombo.

Kupewa

Kuti tipewe mavuto osafunikira, tangotsatirani kuthirira ndi kutentha kwa mpweya kwa chomera, yesetsani kuchotsa tizirombo mwamsanga pamene zikuwoneka ndikudyetsa maluwa.

Pa maluwa, tuberous begonia iyenera kudyetsedwa kamodzi pa sabata. zovuta mchere, kuti zomera zisatayike, kuti zikhalebe maluwa. Ndibwino kuti mudule masamba otsala - ndiye mtundu udzakhala wokhutira.

Kwa wolima bwino, chomera sikuti ndi zokongoletsera chipinda kapena munda, komanso bwenzi lenileni. Maluwa ndi chiweto chimodzimodzi ngati kamba kapena galu amene amafunikira chisamaliro choyenera. Kuthirira kwa nthawi yake, kupereka kuwala, chitetezo ku tizirombo - zonsezi ndi zofunika kwambiri. Kokha ndi chisamaliro choyenera ndi kufotokoza kwa chikondi maluwawo adzakondweretsa diso ndikukula bwino.