Zokongoletsa zachilengedwe zaku China zimakopa chidwi ndi maluwa ake okongola kwambiri. Adabwera ku Europe kuchokera ku China, zomwe zimachokera ku dzina lenilenilo. Mitundu yamtchire imapezeka kumpoto kwa Korea ndi Mongolia.
Kufotokozera ndi Zomwe Zachitika Pachitukuko cha China
Zimatengera zosatha, koma zimatha kukhala zachikale. Mbali yodziwika ndi kupezeka kwa mapangidwe amtundu wa masamba okhala ndi masamba opendekera pamtunda. Maluwa a mithunzi yosiyanasiyana amapezeka mosiyanasiyana kapena mwa maambulera. Mphepete yakunja imadulidwa ndi zovala zokongola. Mitundu ya Terry yokhala ndi kuwaza ndiyowoneka yokongola kwambiri.
Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino popanga mawonekedwe. Wobzala m'munda pamabedi a maluwa, zitsamba za mapiri kapena pafupi ndi njira. Sakonda kuzizira, choncho nthawi yozizira imatha kuzizira. Adabzala poyera ndi mbewu kapena mbande. Maluwa amayamba mu Julayi ndipo amatenga chilimwe chonse mpaka Seputembala, kwa mitundu ina mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira.
Mitundu yodziwika bwino yachitetezo cha ku China
Aberekedwa zovala za ku China kwazaka zopitilira 300, motero abereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mitundu yokongola ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa. Maluwa amakonda maluwa obiriwira okhala ndi maluwa abwino kwambiri.
| Gulu | Kutalika (masentimita) | Duwa | Nthawi ya maluwa |
| Diana | 25 | Makulidwe akulu, osaphatikizika, osakwatiwa, osiyanasiyana mitundu ndi odulidwa mwammbali. | Julayi - Seputembara. |
| Kuvina kwa Geisha | 30 | Wamphamvu peduncle, onunkhira, magazi ofiira, wamba. | |
| Supra | 25 | Zowala, zowtseguka, wamba. | Kuyambira Julayi mpaka Okutobala. |
| Chisomo | 30 | Zonunkhira bwino. | Julayi - Okutobala. |
| Wanzeru | Konzani zofiira, fluffy. | ||
| Chibo | 25 | Kusakaniza kwa Turkey ndi China. | Mid Julayi - Mid November. |
| Dulce | Velvet waku Turkey wophatikizidwa ndi Chitchaina. | Julayi - Okutobala. | |
| Terry Kusakaniza | 20 | Kuphatikiza kwa mithunzi yosiyanasiyana. Maonekedwe okongola, pamakhala nsapato zabwino. | |
| Chisomo | 30 | Panganoli ndi lilac kapena lofiirira. Mzere Woyera wokhala ndi madontho. | Chilimwe chonse. |
| Maula | 20 | Zowonda zowirikiza kawiri, kofiyira, modabwitsa. | Kuyambira Julayi mpaka kumapeto kwa Seputembala. |
| Carnation Chinese + Bearded Ideal Select | Mtundu wosakanizidwa, mtundu wamaluwa, onunkhira | Kutentha koyambirira kugwa. |
Kubzala kwacarnation ku China
Kukula ma clove patsamba lanu, muyenera kudziwa za zabwino zake. Mukugwa, kudzizika pokha pokha komwe kwagwera panthaka kumatha kuchitika. Mphukira mutazirala m'nthaka nthawi yachisanu, zimatha kubzalidwa.
Ngati akukonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito ma cloves kwa nthawi yoyamba pamalowo, ndiye kuti mbewu zomwe mwazipeza zitha kubweretsedwa pansi kapena kumera pobzala kapena m'nyumba.
Kachiwiri, chomera cholimba chimapezeka, koma izi sizipereka phindu lililonse, chifukwa maluwa maluwa ochokera mbande kapena nthangala zimayamba nthawi imodzi. Kubowola kumachitika nthawi yomwe palibe chisanu chikuyembekezeredwa. Mwana wazaka chimodzi amayamba kuphuka m'miyezi itatu. Mitundu yosachedwa kuphuka chaka chamawa. Mutha kuwona maluwa okongola pokhapokha ngati adakulitsidwa pamalo otentha, osamalidwa bwino ndikuwonetsetsa.
Kubzala mbewu panthaka
Chapakatikati, chisanu chitasungunuka komanso nthaka itatentha bwino, amayamba kubzala mbewu mwachindunji. Makhalidwewa nthawi zambiri amafanana ndi chiyambi cha Meyi. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kutsatira tekinoloje:
- Mbeu zimamizidwa mu succinic acid kwa mphindi 20 kuti ziwapatse mphamvu ndikuwapatsa zofunika;
- chodzala chosavomerezeka chimachotsedwa ndikuyiyika pakansuku kuti muchotse madzi ochuluka;
- konzani malo m'mundamo, mumasuleni, chotsani namsongole ndi kuyikamo miyala yaying'ono;
- pakufesa yunifolomu, mbewu zimasakanizika ndi mchenga wokongoletsedwa ndikuyika m'manda okonzedwa;
- kutsanulira nthaka yaying'ono pamwamba, ponyani pang'ono ndikuphimba ndi chophimba.
Mitengo yotsatira ya kutentha ndiyofunikira kuti mbande izionekera: pa dothi +15 ° C, pa mpweya +20 ° C. Ayenera kukhala motalikirana nthawi. Patsala pafupifupi milungu itatu ndipo mutha kuwona mphukira zoyambirira. Yenderani kubzala, kuwonda ndikuchotsa zitsamba zofowoka.
Kukula mbande zanyumba
Ndikofunikira kubzala mbewu za mbande mu zobiriwira nthawi yoyamba, mu Epulo. Kubzala kumachitika mu nthaka yachonde kapena dothi, mchenga ndi perlite amasakanikirana. Zinthu zachilengedwe izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa cha madzi ake abwino komanso mpweya wabwino.
Njira pankhaniyi ndi motere:
- Denga lamadzi limatsanulira pansi, kenako nthaka. Mbewu zimayikidwa mu malo opangidwira, ndipo dothi limayikidwa pamwamba pawo, lomwe limanyowa.
- Phimbani ndigalasi kapena zinthu zapadera ndikuyika pamalo owala bwino. Mpweya wamkati umasungidwa pa +20 ° C masana ndi +17 ° C usiku.
- Kuwongolera ndi kuthirira kuyenera kuchitika munthawi yake.
- Pogona amachotsedwa pomwe mphukira zoyambirira zikuwoneka.
- Kubzala mbande kumachitika pambuyo masamba atatu abwino mumbale zosiyanasiyana.
- Madzi.
Samalirani mbande, mukusungira kutentha koyenera osati kudzaza ndi madzi. Asanadzalemo m'mundamo, kukhazikika kumakhala kovomerezeka. Zili m'chidziwitso chakuti ndikofunikira kutenga zotengera ndi mbewu panja. Nthawi yakukhalamo ndiyosakhalitsa, kenako imachuluka ndipo kumapeto kwake kumakhala kokhazikika, ngakhale kutentha kumatsika mpaka +12 ° C.
Kuti mulimbikitse ofananira nawo mphukira, nthambi, akuwombera kutsitsi lachitatu. Dziko lapansi liuma mwachangu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti nthawi yakwanira kuti mulowe mumphika wokulirapo. Zomera zimayenda m'mundamo theka loyamba la June. Malowa akhale otseguka, koma otsekedwa kuti awongole dzuwa. Mtunda pakati pa mphukira ndi 25 cm.
Momwe mungasamalire ma clove achi China
Kubzala ndi kusamalira ndizofunikira pakukula kwa dimba. Ma clove achi China amafunikanso kuthandizidwa osati pakumera, komanso nyengo yonse. Kukula mwachangu ndi maluwa kumafuna kuthirira koyenera, kulima komanso kuvala pamwamba.
Kusintha kapangidwe ka dothi, kuti chinyontho chizikhala chinyezi nthawi ya chilimwe, zosanjikiza zimayikidwa pansi pa mbewu zomwe zimasinthidwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Imapangitsa chinyezi kukhala m'nthaka, sichimalola namsongole kukula.
Kutsirira kuyenera kuchitidwa mosamalitsa kuti ma jets amadzi asawononge mbewu. Imachitika kamodzi pa sabata, kutsirira kokhazikika kumadzitsimikizira. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika masiku 5-7 mutabzala mbande. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wophatikizira izi, momwe phosphorous imakhazikika. Njira yothiridwayo imathiriridwa pokhapokha ngati dothi lonyowa. Izi zikuthandizira kukulira kwa mizu, kulimbikitsa kukhazikitsa kwa masamba ndikuwonjezera mwayi wokana matenda oyamba ndi fungus.
Feteleza woyenera umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maluwa, ndikofunikira kuti mumakhala zinthu zonse zofunika, zonse zofunika michere (nayitrogeni, phosphorous, potaziyamu), ndi zinthu zina.
Kuteteza Tizilombo ndi Matenda
Chomera chilichonse chimatha kugwidwa ndi tizirombo ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Pofuna kupewa izi, ndikofunikira kudziwa zizindikilo zawo, kuchita njira zothandizira komanso chithandizo.
| Matenda / tizilombo | Kuwonetsera | Njira zoyesera |
| Mwendo wakuda | Nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa mbande. Pa tsinde, matamba amdima amawonedwa pafupi ndi dziko lapansi, kenako mizere ya khosi, ndipo tsinde limasweka. | Kuteteza: nthaka yosabala, kuthirira pang'ono, kupha tizilombo. Pakadwala: opatsiridwayo achotsedwa, ena onse amapukutika, ndimayendedwe ndikuchepetsa madzi. |
| Fusarium | Imawonedwa ngati ubzala pambuyo pa gladioli kapena asters. Amakhala ndi nkhawa zakuda pafupi ndi muzu, pambuyo pake ndi pinki-pinki fluff. Zomera zimafota, matenda ena amawonekera. | Zomera zodwala zimachotsedwa kwathunthu kapena pang'ono, kuthandizidwa ndi fungicide. |
| Spider mite | Choyamba, mbande zimakhala zoyera bwino kuchokera pansi pamasamba. Banga limakula, limawuma ndikugwa. | Ndikofunikira kupopera pafupipafupi; Mafunso sangalole chinyezi. Adyo wokhazikitsidwa amayikidwa, amathandizidwa ndi kulowetsedwa kapena sulufule ya colloidal. |
| Tizilombo ta kachilomboka, chimbalangondo | Kudulira mizu ndi mphukira. Mukukonda dothi lonunkhira. | Dothi limawerengeredwa (30 g imawonjezeredwa pa 1 sq. M) ndipo phulusa la nkhuni limawonjezeredwa. Kuwononga namsongole. |
| Matipi, nsabwe za m'masamba | Vector onyamula a virus virus. Amadyetsa zakudya zamadzi. Kuwala kumawonekera pamasamba, kenako kowuma. Kusintha kwa maluwa ndi masamba kumawonedwa. Amakonda mphukira zazing'ono. | Ndikofunikira kupewetsa, kuchiza ndi yankho la anyezi kapena adyo. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera. Kawiri pakudutsa masiku 5-7. |
Kufalikira ndi kudula
Ma clove achi Chinese osatha nthawi zina amafalitsidwa ndikudula. Ndikofunikira kutenga mphukira yomwe mulibe masamba ndipo pali masamba a masamba a 3-4. Wodulidwa umapangidwira, ndikuchokeranso kumtunda wotsikira pafupifupi masentimita 1. Pambuyo pake, masamba onse amachotsedwa, apamwamba amafupikitsidwa ndipo mawonekedwe angapo autali amapangidwa pam mfundo. Mchenga umapangidwa, umakhazikika, ndipo phesi lokonzedwako limayikamo, kuthiriridwa ndikuphimbidwa.
M'dothi komanso pansi pa chivundikiro, chinyezi chokhazikika chimasungidwa. Mizu amapanga masabata awiri. Malaya apamwamba samadulidwa. Mfundo zikupendekera, pindani matope pansi, zikhomo ndi kuwaza ndi dziko lapansi.
Mr. Chilimwe wokhala anati: vala Chinese ndi chinsinsi cha kutchuka
Chomera chokongola ichi ndikosavuta kubzala, sichifuna chisamaliro chochuluka, chimakondweretsa ndi maluwa ake pafupifupi chilimwe chonse, nthawi zina ngakhale motalika. Maonekedwe okongola, mitundu yosiyanasiyana, onunkhira okhathamira izi zonse zimatsimikiza m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
Kupikisana mukugwiritsa ntchito zovala za ku China kungakhale ma tagete kapena mababu. Amakhala ndi njira imodzi yayikulu yotengera maluwa pang'ono.
Ng'ombe zimapezeka m'malo osiyanasiyana: m'mundamo ndi m'mapaki, pamakonde kapena mumsewu mumipanda yapadera pafupi ndi nyumbayo. Imakongoletsedwa ndi multicolor kapena monoclomb, mitundu yonse yaminda yakutsogolo. Pokongoletsa zamaluwa, zimabzalidwa m'malire, zimayikidwa m'malo otsetsereka kapena m'minda yamiyala. Chimawoneka bwino paminga pafupi ndi mbewu zazing'ono komanso zazitali, m'njira zosiyanasiyana zobzala.
